带缓冲串行生产系统预防性维护建模及运行参数优化研究

为了保证串行生产系统的产能和提高系统可靠性,提出了带缓冲区的串行生产系统预防性维护决策模型。首先,分析了生产线各执行单元可靠性和运行参数之间的关系,建立了考虑执行单元运行参数和缓冲库存的维护模型。在此基础上,结合串行生产线的特点,建立综合考虑维护成本、有效运行速度和缓冲库存的多目标优化函数。最后,构建启发式算法求解目标函数,并以串行包装生产线为例进行仿真实验分析,结果表明本文所建模型是有效且实用的。     

农业供应链金融能有效缓解企业的融资约束？——涉农企业参与精准扶贫的实证研究

农业供应链金融为涉农企业融资难问题提供了新思路。本文以上市涉农上市企业2016~2018年的财务数据为样本,探讨了农业供应链金融对缓解企业融资约束的影响,以及涉农企业参与精准扶贫对缓解融资约束的调节作用。研究发现:涉农企业普遍面临融资约束问题,而农业供应链金融显著缓解了涉农企业的融资约束,且对参与精准扶贫企业的融资约束缓解更为显著。本文揭示了:农业供应链金融能有效缓解涉农企业的融资约束问题,再次证明了农业供应链金融缓解涉农企业融资约束的重要性和必要性,拓展了供应链金融研究的领域,同时对企业参与精准扶贫,响应新时期涉农企业社会责任的具体要求,形成政府、企业等共同承担社会责任的多元化减贫治理机制,助力乡村振兴提供相应借鉴。     

产能约束下的闭环供应链制造商合作策略研究

构建了一个由制造商、回收商和零售商组成的闭环供应链模型,运用Stackelberg博弈对产能约束下制造商的合作策略进行了研究。研究发现:制造商始终有与回收商或零售商合作的经济动机,且当产能较小时,更倾向于与零售商合作;反之,则更倾向与回收商进行合作。此外,相对于无合作模式,不同合作策略对于回收率、供应链整体利润、新产品与再制品总体环境影响程度以及消费者剩余的影响会随着制造商产能大小的变化发生改变,而不同合作策略对于总体环境影响程度的影响与制造商的再制造水平也存在关联。     

On the convergence of interior-reflective Newton methods for nonlinear minimization subject to bounds

We consider a new algorithm, an interior-reflective Newton approach, for the problem of minimizing a smooth nonlinear function of many variables, subject to upper and/or lower bounds on some of the variables. This approach generatesstrictly feasible iterates by using a new affine scaling transformation and following piecewise linear paths (reflection paths). The interior-reflective approach does not require identification of an activity set. In this paper we establish that the interior-reflective Newton approach is globally and quadratically convergent. Moreover, we develop a specific example of interior-reflective Newton methods which can be used for large-scale and sparse problems.Research partially supported by the Applied Mathematical Sciences Research Program (KC-04-02) of the Office of Energy Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DE-FG02-86ER25013.A000, and in part by NSF, AFOSR, and ONR through grant DMS-8920550, and by the Advanced Computing Research Institute, a unit of the Cornell Theory Center which receives major funding from the National Science Foundation and IBM Corporation, with additional support from New York State and members of its Corporate Research Institute.Corresponding author.     

Misclassification minimization

The problem of minimizing the number of misclassified points by a plane, attempting to separate two point sets with intersecting convex hulls inn-dimensional real space, is formulated as a linear program with equilibrium constraints (LPEC). This general LPEC can be converted to an exact penalty problem with a quadratic objective and linear constraints. A Frank-Wolfe-type algorithm is proposed for the penalty problem that terminates at a stationary point or a global solution. Novel aspects of the approach include: (i) A linear complementarity formulation of the step function that counts misclassifications, (ii) Exact penalty formulation without boundedness, nondegeneracy or constraint qualification assumptions, (iii) An exact solution extraction from the sequence of minimizers of the penalty function for a finite value of the penalty parameter for the general LPEC and an explicitly exact solution for the LPEC with uncoupled constraints, and (iv) A parametric quadratic programming formulation of the LPEC associated with the misclassification minimization problem.This material is based on research supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant F49620-94-1-0036 and National Science Foundation Grants CCR-9101801 and CDA-9024618.     

Drinfeld algebra deformations, homotopy comodules and the associahedra

The aim of this work is to construct a cohomology theory controlling the deformations of a general Drinfel'd algebra and thus finish the program which began in [13], [14]. The task is accomplished in three steps. The first step, which was taken in the aforementioned articles, is the construction of a modified cobar complex adapted to a non-coassociative comultiplication. The following two steps each involves a new, highly non-trivial, construction. The first construction, essentially combinatorial, defines a differential graded Lie algebra structure on the simplicial chain complex of the associahedra. The second construction, of a more algebraic nature, is the definition of a map of differential graded Lie algebras from the complex defined above to the algebra of derivations on the bar resolution. Using the existence of this map and the acyclicity of the associahedra we can define a so-called homotopy comodule structure (Definition 3.3 below) on the bar resolution of a general Drinfel'd algebra. This in turn allows us to define the desired cohomology theory in terms of a complex which consists, roughly speaking, of the bimodule and bicomodule maps from the bar resolution to the modified cobar resolution. The complex is bigraded but not a bicomplex as in the Gerstenhaber-Schack theory for bialgebra deformations. The new components of the coboundary operator are defined via the constructions mentioned above. The results of the paper were announced in [12].

     

Optimal life strategies in organisms exposed to recurrent critical events

The optimal partition of energy between survival and reproduction is considered for a population subject to recurrent and potentially lethal critical events. The best strategy is found by maximizing fitness, a functional derived from the Lotka equation. The dynamics is governed by a second-order, age-varying, nonlinear system. The energy storage and the probability of survival are the state variables, while the amounts of energy placed into and withdrawn from the storage are the controls. The optimal life strategy is shown to be as follows: build up the storage at the very beginning of life, and then progressively deplete it to resist the critical events.This work was partially supported by MURST Project Ricerche sui Fondamenti della Conservazione della Natura. The authors would like to thank C. Ricci for suggesting the problem and C. Matessi for helpful discussion.     

Interior-point algorithm for quadratically constrained entropy minimization problems

In this paper, we develop an interior point algorithm for quadratically constrained entropy problems. The algorithm uses a variation of Newton's method to follow a central path trajectory in the interior of the feasible set. The primal-dual gap is made less than a given in at most steps, wheren is the dimension of the problem andm is the number of quadratic inequality constraints.     

Representations of unbounded optimization problems as integer programs

Any optimization problem in a finite structure can be represented as an integer or mixed-integer program in integral quantities.We show that, when an optimization problem on an unbounded structure has such a representation, it is very close to a linear programming problem, in the specific sense described in the following results. We also show that, if an optimization problem has such a representation, no more thann+2 equality constraints need be used, wheren is the number of variables of the problem.We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a functionf:SZ, withS Z ⁿ , to have a rational model in Meyer's sense, and show that Ibaraki models are a proper subset of Meyer models.This research was supported by NSF Grant No. GP-37510X1 and ONR Contract No. N00014-75-C0621, NR047-048.     

A deterministic algorithm for constrained enumeration of transmembrane protein folds

A deterministic algorithm for enumeration of transmembrane protein folds is presented. Using a set of sparse pairwise atomic distance constraints (such as those obtained from chemical cross-linking, FRET, or dipolar EPR experiments), the algorithm performs an exhaustive search of secondary structure element packing conformations distributed throughout the entire conformational space. The end result is a set of distinct protein conformations, which can be scored and refined as part of a process designed for computational elucidation of transmembrane protein structures.