循环取货模式下的多车场协同运输问题研究

分析循环取货模式和协同运输问题的关联性,提出了供需节点分离下的多车场一体化协同运输路线优化问题,考虑运输价值和运输成本,引入节点-弧流量的概念,通过比较流量大小确定节点集合,构建了问题的多供应点、多需求点运输模型.考虑取货的单向性和送货的闭合性,构造了求解模型的两阶段算法,运用动态规划的递推解法确定取货最优路线,然后基于余弦定理的几何法求解出发点和返回点不相同的送货路径优化问题,最后通过算例分析,说明了模型的合理性和算法的有效性.     

一般梯形模糊逼近算子及其在模糊运输问题中的应用

研究运输成本信息为一般模糊数的模糊运输问题.首先,在保持一般模糊数的核不变的条件下,建立一般模糊数与一般梯形模糊数的距离最小优化模型,通过求解模型得到一般模糊数的一般梯形模糊逼近算子,并给出该逼近算子具有的性质如数乘不变性、平移不变性、连续性等.然后利用该逼近算子将一般模糊运输信息表转换成一般梯形模糊运输信息表,再根据已有GFLCM和GFMDM算法得到模糊运输问题的近似最优解,最后给出具体算例分析说明方法的有效性和合理性.     

基于回归分析方法下公共交通对经济增长的影响分析

随着社会经济的发展及人们环保意识的不断增强,公共交通事业的发展及其投资力度不断加大,公共交通在给人们带来方便的同时也在带动着经济的发展.通过扩展的生产函数模型,采用普通最小二乘方法对2003-2012年间的公共交通数据进行估计分析,并找出有异常值的样本点,然后利用稳健MM估计方法进行估计,结果表明公共交通变量对经济的影响具有正相关作用.     

用于稠油输送的新蒸汽引射器

介绍一种自行研制的蒸汽引射器，蒸汽以自由射流形式注入到输油管中，利用蒸汽释放的热量提高稠油温度以降低黏度，从而达到低输送压降的目的。该引器具有加热效率高，防止稠油堵塞管线等优点，引射器已在辽河油田输油管线上进行了现场实验，取得了很好的效果。     

浆体管道输送水击压力波波速的探讨

 在考虑自由气体存在的影响下，推导出浆体水击压力波波速的 计算公式.分析表明很少量的气体存在会使波速明显降低. 气体体积 浓度较大时波速随浆体浓度的增大而减小，重质物料的减小趋势较 为明显；气体体积浓度较小时轻质物料波速随浓度的增加而增加. 相同条件下非均质流波速比伪均质流波速大，两者差异主要受浆体 中固体物料的密度和浆体体积浓度影响. 考虑气体影响作用的浆击 波速计算值与实测结果更吻合.     

衬底加热和电极修饰对提高有机场效应晶体管性能的影响

通过衬底加热和氧化钼(MoO3)修饰源漏极制备了并五苯有机场效应晶体管.研究了衬底温度和电极修饰层厚度对器件性能的影响.实验结果表明:当衬底温度为60℃、MoO3修饰层为10 nm时,器件性能获得了显著增强,场效应迁移率由原来的3.39×10-3 cm2/(V·s)提高到2.25 ×10-1 cm2/(V·s),阈值电压由12 V降低到3V.器件性能的改善归因于:衬底加热可以优化有源层形貌,改善载流子传输;而MoO3修饰层显著降低了电极与有源层之间的接触势垒,提高了载流子的注入.因此,衬底加热与电极修饰对于制备高性能有机场效应晶体管是不可或缺的优化手段.     

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Herbicidal Activities of 2-Cyanoacrylates Containing 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Moieties

Three series of novel 2‐cyanoacrylates 7a – 7f , 9a – 9f , 10a – 10f containing 1,3,4‐thiadiazole ring moieties were synthesized as herbicidal inhibitors of photosystem II (PS II) electron transportation. Their structures were clearly verified by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, elemental analysis (or HRMS analysis) and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Bioassay showed that a suitable group at the 3‐position of acrylates was essential for high herbicidal activity. In particular, compound 7e showed the best herbicidal activities and gave 100% inhibitory activity against rape and amaranth pigweed at a dose of 1.5 kg/ha. Introduction of substituent with higher polarity such as sulfinyl or sulfonyl to the 5‐position of 1,3,4‐thiadiazole decreased herbicidal activities.     

Freight transportation in railway networks with automated terminals: A mathematical model and MIP heuristic approaches

In this paper we propose a planning procedure for serving freight transportation requests in a railway network with fast transfer equipment at terminals. We consider a transportation system where different customers make their requests (orders) for moving boxes, i.e., either containers or swap bodies, between different origins and destinations, with specific requirements on delivery times. The decisions to be taken concern the route (and the corresponding sequence of trains) that each box follows in the network and the assignment of boxes to train wagons, taking into account that boxes can change more than one train and that train timetables are fixed.The planning procedure includes a pre-analysis step to determine all the possible sequences of trains for serving each order, followed by the solution of a 0-1 linear programming problem to find the optimal assignment of each box to a train sequence and to a specific wagon for each train in the sequence. This latter is a generalized assignment problem which is NP-hard. Hence, in order to find good solutions in acceptable computation times, two MIP heuristic approaches are proposed and tested through an experimental analysis considering realistic problem instances.     

Maritime inventory routing with multiple products: A case study from the cement industry

This paper considers a maritime inventory routing problem faced by a major cement producer. A heterogeneous fleet of bulk ships transport multiple non-mixable cement products from producing factories to regional silo stations along the coast of Norway. Inventory constraints are present both at the factories and the silos, and there are upper and lower limits for all inventories. The ship fleet capacity is limited, and in peak periods the demand for cement products at the silos exceeds the fleet capacity. In addition, constraints regarding the capacity of the ships’ cargo holds, the depth of the ports and the fact that different cement products cannot be mixed must be taken into consideration. A construction heuristic embedded in a genetic algorithmic framework is developed. The approach adopted is used to solve real instances of the problem within reasonable solution time and with good quality solutions.     

磁场对瓦斯爆炸及其传播的影响

为了弄清煤矿井下巷道中变电站、大型机电设备等产生较强的磁场对瓦斯爆炸的影响机理和影响程度,实验研究了外加磁场对瓦斯爆炸过程中爆炸应力波和火焰传播速度的影响,并从磁场影响瓦斯爆炸及其传播的传质、传热、反应过程等进行了理论分析.研究结果表明:外加磁场能增加瓦斯爆炸强度和火焰传播速度以及增大压力波超压峰值和火焰传播速度峰值,...