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991.
992.
We develop a new framework for location of competitive facilities by introducing non-constant expenditure functions into spatial interaction location models. This framework allows us to capture two key effects – market expansion and cannibalization – within the same model.We develop algorithmic approaches for finding optimal or near-optimal solutions for several models that arise from choosing a specific form of the expenditure functions. 相似文献
993.
This paper establishes a type of Kantorovich inequality subject to some constraints and obtains some lower bounds for the relative efficiency of the least squares. These lower bounds can be much sharper than that obtained by using the unconstrained Kantorovich inequality. Multivariate extensions of the results are also obtained. Some interesting examples are presented. 相似文献
994.
本文首先证明了从复流形到对称空间的多重调和映射空间与扩张提升空间之间在相差一规范变换下存在一一对应,并给出确定的环路群在扩张提升空间的作用,因而也给出多重调和映射空间上的作用.其次,利用环路群及其代数的Iwasawa分解给出从Cn到对称空间的有限型的多重调和映射不同于文[1]中的刻划. 相似文献
995.
In this Letter, we treat nonlinear sigma models such as the C P1-model, Q P1-model, etc. in 1+2 dimensions. For submodels of such models, we definitely construct an infinite number of nontrivial conserved currents. Our result is a generalization of Alvarez, Ferreira and Guillen. 相似文献
996.
G.I. Japaridze S. Sarkar 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,28(2):139-144
A one-dimensional model of interacting electrons with on-site U, nearest-neighbor V, and pair-hopping interaction W is studied at half-filling using the continuum limit field theory approach. The ground state phase diagram is obtained for
a wide range of coupling constants. In addition to the insulating spin-density wave (SDW) and charge-density wave (CDW) phases
for large U and V, respectively, we identify a bond-charge-density-wave (BCDW) phase W < 0, | U - 2V| < | 2W| and a bond-spin-density-wave (BSDW) for W > 0, | U - 2V| < W. The possibility of bond-located ordering results from the site-off-diagonal nature of the pair-hopping term and is a special
feature of the half-filled band case. The BCDW phase corresponding to an enhanced Peierls instability in the system. The BdSDW
is an unconventional insulating magnetic phase, characterized by a gapless spin excitation spectrum and a staggered magnetization
located on bonds between sites. The general ground state phase diagram including insulating, metallic, and superconducting
phases is discussed. A transition to the η-superconducting phase at | U - 2V| ≪ 2t?W is briefly discussed.
Received 20 February 2002 / Received in final form 11 April 2002 Published online 19 July 2002 相似文献
997.
The article describes a computational model for the simulation of the emergence of social structure or social order, respectively. The model is theoretically based on the theory of social typifying by Berger and Luckmann. It consists of interacting artificial actors (agents), which are represented by two neural networks, an action net, and a perception net. By mutually adjusting of their actions, the agents are able to constitute a self‐organized social order in dependency of their personal characteristics and certain features of their environment. A fictitious example demonstrates the applicability of the model to problems of extra‐terrestrial robotics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 12: 41–52, 2007 相似文献
998.
G. D. Tzabiras 《国际流体数值方法杂志》1991,13(9):1179-1204
The present work is concerned with the numerical calculation of the turbulent flow field around the stern of ship models. The finite volume approximation is employed to solve the Reynolds equations in the physical domain using a body-fitted, locally orthogonal curvilinear co-ordinate system. The Reynolds stresses are modelled according to the standard k-ε turbulence model. Various numerical schemes (i.e. hybrid, skew upwind and central differencing) are examined and grid dependence tests have been performed to compare calculated with experimental results. Moreover, a direct solution of the momentum equations within the near-wall region is tried to avoid the disadvantages of the wall function approach. Comparisons between calculations and measurements are made for two ship models, i.e. the SSPA and HSVA model. 相似文献
999.
The main purpose of this work is to set up the explicit matrix framework appropriate to three-dimensional partial differential
equations by means of the incremental unknowns method. Multilevel schemes of the incremental unknowns are presented in the
three space dimensions, and through numerical experiments, we confirm that the incremental unknowns method is efficient and
the hierarchical preconditioning based on the incremental unknowns can be applied in a more general form.
相似文献
1000.
Mutations involved in many cancers have been identified, but with some cancers requiring six or more mutations to take on their fully metastatic forms, the question remains whether all of these mutations can be acquired via a process of successive mutation, at a normal rate, and clonal expansion or whether heightened mutation rates are required. This issue has been debated for decades. Recently there has been much interest in forms of genomic instability such as chromosomal instability and microsatellite instability. It remains to definitively show whether or not these instabilities are very early causal events in tumorigenesis. This article reviews the evidence for and against genomic instability being an early causal event in tumorigenesis and surveys the mathematical modelling literature in this area. The focus is on chromosomal instability and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer. 相似文献