Multilevel,threshold-based policies for cargo container security screening systems

To mitigate the threat of nuclear terrorism within the US using nuclear material that has been smuggled into the country, the US Bureau of Customs and Border Protection has expanded its cargo container detection capabilities at ports of entry into the US This paper formulates a risk-based screening framework for determining how to define a primary screening alarm for screening cargo containers given a set of dependent primary screening devices. To do so, this paper proposes two linear programming models for screening cargo containers for nuclear material at port security stations using knapsack problem models. All cargo containers undergo primary screening, where they are screened by a given number of security devices. The objective is to identifying the primary security outcomes that warrant a system alarm for each container risk group such that the system detection probability is maximized, subject to a screening budget. The base model is compared to a second model that explicitly requires a threshold-based policy. The structural properties of the two models are compared, which indicates that all risk groups except at most one have deterministic screening policies. A computational example suggests that the detection probability is not significantly altered by enforcing a threshold policy.     

食品包装材料与容器涂料中甲醛的示波极谱测定方法的研究

在ｐＨ５．０的０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ乙酸－乙酸钠介质中,甲醛与硫酸肼的反应产物在－１．０４Ｖ处产生一个灵敏的吸附还原波,其峰高（ｉｐ）与甲醛浓度在０．０１～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系。方法操作简便、快速、灵敏、选择性好。用于食品包装材料、容器内壁涂料中游离甲醛的测定,均获得与国标法一致的效果。