专业课"课程思政"策略的构建与实践——以基础化学原理课程为例

目前高等教育仅依靠思想政治理论课对大学生进行价值引领的局限性日趋凸显,亟需构建和实施全员育人的大思政教育体系——"课程思政"。尝试构建了专业课"课程思政"的策略。通过"培养学生的爱国主义精神、民族自豪感和自信心、对学生进行生态文明和生态安全教育、培养学生的专业品质、培养学生的专业能力"等途径,进行了基础化学原理"课程思政"实践,充分发挥了基础化学原理课程的"育德功能"。     

C语言编程在精馏实验数据处理中的应用

在以水-乙醇溶液为基础进行的精馏塔效率测定实验中,数据处理过程耗时,且通过一般手工作图法所得理论塔板数结果存在较大误差。根据逐板计算法原理,运用C语言编程进行数据处理,将结果输出为dat格式文件,并直接导入Origin 9.0软件中作图。该方法不仅对于有一定编程基础的学生而言通俗易懂、操作简单、结果准确、极为高效,而且有助于进一步改善现有教学方法。     

Fabrication of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) for catalytic pyrolysis of nutshells biomass

The fabrication of nanoparticles has been perused as a topic of critical importance in the present decades. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles employs plants extract instead of harmful chemicals. These plant extracts act as reducing and capping agents which is the most appropriate and eco-friendly method among all the preparative routs. In present study, the magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄-NPs) were fabricated using rapid, single step and benign biosynthetic rout by reduction of ferric nitrate nonahydrate solution with Ferocactus echidne aqueous extract containing ascorbic acid as a main reducing and capping agent. The structural and morphological properties of prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were investigated by Powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The size of the synthesized nanoparticles was approximately 15 ± 2 nm as determined by Scherrer equation. The biosynthetically fabricated nanoparticles were employed as catalyst for pyrolysis of nutshells to produce biofuel. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass yields biofuel as an alternative source of energy and chemical feed stock. Effect of temperature, heating rate, and amount of catalyst were investigated on conversion percentage and product yields. Aniline point, carbon residue, and cetane number of prepared bio-oil were also determined.     

Bound on vertical heat transport at large Prandtl number

We prove a new upper bound on the vertical heat transport in Rayleigh-Bénard convection of the form under the assumption that the ratio of Prandtl number over Rayleigh number satisfies where the non-dimensional constant c₀ depends on the aspect ratio of the domain only. This new rigorous bound agrees with the (optimal) bound (modulo logarithmic correction) on vertical heat transport for the infinite Prandtl number model for convection due to Constantin and Doering [P. Constantin, C.R. Doering, Infinite Prandtl number convection, J. Stat. Phys. 94 (1) (1999) 159-172] and Doering, Otto and Reznikoff [C.R. Doering, F. Otto, M.G. Reznikoff, Bounds on vertical heat transport for infinite Prandtl number Rayleigh-Bénard convection, J. Fluid Mech. 560 (2006) 229-241]. It also improves a uniform (in Prandtl number) bound for the Nusselt number [P. Constantin, C.R. Doering, Heat transfer in convective turbulence, Nonlinearity 9 (1996) 1049-1060] in the case of large Prandtl number.     

Characteristic Numbers of Matrix Lie Algebras

A notion of characteristic number of matrix Lie algebras is defined, which is devoted to distinguishing various Lie algebras that are used to generate integrable couplings of soliton equations. That is, the exact classification of the matrix Lie algebras by using computational formulas is given. Here the characteristic numbers also describe the relations between soliton solutions of the stationary zero curvature equations expressed by various Lie algebras.     

A New Route to the Interpretation of Hopf Invariant

We discuss an object from algebraic topology, Hopf invariant, and reinterpret it in terms of the Ф-mapping topological current theory. The main purpose of this paper is to present a new theoretical framework, which can directly give the relationship between Hopf invariant and the linking numbers of the higher dimensional submanifolds of Euclidean space R^2n-1. For the sake of this purpose we introduce a topological tensor current, which can naturally deduce the （n- 1）-dimensional topological defect in R^2n-1 space. If these （n- 1）-dimensional topological defects are closed oriented submanifolds of R^2n-1, they are just the （n - 1）-dimensional knots. The linking number of these knots is well defined. Using the inner structure of the topological tensor current, the relationship between Hopf invariant and the linking numbers of the higher-dimensional knots can be constructed.     

Three linear probe polarization method in Mueller polarimetry with a source of arbitrary ellipticity

This is a study of the effect of the ellipticity of the polarization of radiation at the inlet of the shaping polarizer in the probe channel of a Mueller polarimeter operating with three linear probe polarizations on the accuracy with which the incomplete Mueller matrix is determined (without a fourth beam). It is shown that the appearance of and variations in the ellipticity cause a change in the conditions for optimization of the set of polarizations of the probe radiation from the standpoint of minimizing the measurement error. In the case of linear polarization (zero ellipticity), the measurement error is the same as the error when four probe polarizations are used. This allows measurement of the complete Mueller matrix and makes this version of the polarimeter especially promising, because in the input channel of the polarimeter, a single polarizing element, i.e., a linear polarizer with a controllable azimuthal orientation, can be used as the polarization transducer. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 875–880, November–December, 2008.     

Structural,thermal and ion transport studies on nanocomposite polymer electrolyte-{(PEO + SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>):NH<Subscript>4</Subscript>SCN} system

Development and characterisation of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based nanocomposite polymer electrolytes comprising of (PEO-SiO₂): NH₄SCN is reported. For synthesis of the said electrolyte, polyethylene oxide has been taken as polymer host and NH₄SCN as an ionic charge supplier. Sol–gel-derived silica powder of nano dimension has been used as ceramic filler for development of nanocomposite electrolytes. The maximum conductivity of electrolyte ∼2.0 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm is observed for samples containing 30 wt.% silica. The temperature dependence of conductivity seems to follow an Arrhenius-type, thermally activated process over a limited temperature range.     

相对论平均场理论对Se，Kr，Sr和Zr同位素链形状共存的系统研究

在约束形变的相对论平均场理论下,用NL3参数组系统地研究了Se,Kr,Sr和Zr四个同位素链中的偶-偶核,理论计算的基态束缚能和实验值符合得非常好.通过对这些核的位能曲面的分析,发现在此区域内有着丰富的形状共存现象,系统地指出可能存在形状共存现象的原子核,并且进一步指出在这些核的位能曲面上两个能量极小点的能量差.另外通过对位能曲面以及单中子能级的研究,提出在此区域内N＝70可能是一个中子幻数. 关键词： 形状共存 相对论平均场 位能曲面 幻数     

非相对论Chern-Simons多涡旋解的拓扑结构(英文)

运用规范势分解理论研究了Jackiw Pi模型中的自对偶方程, 得到一个新的自对偶方程, 发现了Chern Simons多涡旋解与拓扑荷之间的联系。为了研究Jackiw Pi模型多涡旋解的拓扑性质, 构造了一个新的静态自对偶Chern Simons多涡旋解,每个涡旋由5个实参数描述。 2个实参量用来描述涡旋的位置, 2个实参量用来描述涡旋的尺度和相位, 还有一个实参量描述涡旋的荷。 为了研究拓扑数对涡旋形状的影响, 给出了具有不同拓扑数的多涡旋解。 另外还研究了该涡旋解的磁通量的拓扑量子化。