CATALYTIC WET PEROXIDE OXIDATION OF HYDROQUINONE WITH Co（II）/ACTIVE CARBON CATALYST LOADED IN STATIC BED

Catalysts based on Co（II） supported on active carbon were prepared and loaded in static bed. The hydroquinone would be degraded completely after treated by Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation method with Co（II）/active carbon catalyst. After activate treatment, the active carbon was immerged in cobaltous nitrate solution, then put into a drying oven, Co（II） could be loaded on the micro-surface of carbon. Taking the static bed as the equipment, the absorption of active carbon and catalysis of Co（II） was used to reduce activation energy of hydroquinone. Thus hydroquinone could be drastically degraded and the effluent can be drained under the standard. Referring to Fenton reaction mechanism, experiment had been done to study the heterogeneous catalyzed oxidation mechanism of Co（II）. The degradation rate of hydroquinone effluent could be achieved to 92% when treated in four columns at H2O2 concentration 10%, reaction temperature 40 ℃, pH 5 and reaction time 2.5h.     

图形衬底对多周期InGaAs量子点自组装生长的影响

量子点器件技术广泛应用于量子计算和光电器件上.成核位置的均匀性、有序性和尺寸一致性,可以有效提高光电器件性能.为了实现阵列量子点的可控性,本文采用湿法刻蚀制备图形化衬底,理论上解释了铟原子在图形化衬底上成核现象,产生有序的量子点分布特征,发现图形衬底的缺陷诱导在平台边缘和沟壑边缘成核,形成较大的量子点.在Stranski-Krastanow模式下图形衬底制备多周期量子点,发现多周期生长可以弱化台阶结构对量子点分布的限制作用.     

深振幅Al调制靶的化学腐蚀制备工艺研究

 介绍了用于惯性约束聚变分解实验的铝调制靶的制备。以半导体光刻工艺结合化学腐蚀工艺在铝箔表面引入周期为50 μm的条槽图形,研究腐蚀条件对腐蚀速率的影响;采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和台阶仪对图形形貌和样品表面成分进行测量和分析,获得厚度在32 μm左右、腐蚀深度达到20 μm的铝调制靶。     

Simple Ion–Gas Mixtures as a Source of Key Molecules Relevant to Prebiotic Chemistry

Very simple chemistry can result in the rapid and high-yield production of key prebiotic inorganic molecules. The two reactions investigated here involve such simple systems, (a) carbon disulfide (CS₂) and acetate (CH₃COO¯) and (b) sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and formate (HCOO¯). They have been carried out under non-aqueous conditions, either in an organic solvent or with a powdered salt exposed to the requisite gas. Under such dry conditions the first reaction generated the thioacetate anion [CH₃COS]¯ while the second produced the radical [SO₂^·]¯anion. Anhydrous conditions are not rare and may have arisen on the early earth at sites where an interface between different phases (liquid/gas or solid/gas) could be generated. This is one way to rationalize the formation of molecules and ions (such as we have produced) necessary in the prebiotic world. Interpretation of our results provides insight into scenarios consistent with the more prominent theories of abiogenesis.     

蒸发器出口状态热式测量的实验研究

根据热式感应原理,专门设计热式感应传感器,用于测量蒸汽压缩制冷循环中干式蒸发器出口的气液两相流动状态;热式感应传感器的测量数据与蒸发器出口流型、过热度等参数的综合比较分析表明:热式感应传感器可以辨识出蒸发器出口过热蒸汽、雾状流和二者交替三种流动状态.同时,实验数据表明蒸发器出口处于过热蒸汽、雾状流二者交替的过渡区时其换热效率最佳,因此热式感应传感器可以用于作为膨胀阀-干式蒸发器调节回路的反馈信号.应用热式感应传感器对蒸发器出口状态的随机性和周期性波动的测量证明:热式感应传感器动态性能良好,可以实时反映蒸发器出口状态变化.     

Acrylic fibers processing with ionic liquid as solvent

Ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), was used as solvent for the polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and the resulting polymer solution was directly applied for spinning to produce polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber for the first time. Acrylic polymers with high content of AN, large molecular weight, and low polydispersity index (PDI) were prepared. The PAN macromolecules have little degradation during dissolution of PAN in [BMIM]Cl, which is completely different from the dissolution of biopolymers such as cellulose in ionic liquids. The PAN fiber with round profile and good mechanical properties was successfully spun from the PAN/[BMIM]Cl solution using dry–jet wet spinning technology. It suggests that an environmental friendly process for the acrylic fiber would be developed and the high performance PAN fiber would be obtained when the spinning conditions are optimized further. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improvement in a-plane GaN crystalline quality using wet etching method

Nonpolar （1120） GaN films are grown on the etched a-plane GaN substrates via metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. High-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis shows great decreases in the full width at half maximum of the samples grown on etched substrates compared with those of the sample without etching, both on-axis and off-axis, indicating the reduced dislocation densities and improved crystalline quality of these samples. The spatial mapping of the E2 （high） phonon mode demonstrates the smaller line width with a black background in the wing region, which testifies the reduced dislocation densities and enhanced crystalline quality of the epitaxial lateral overgrowth areas. Raman scattering spectra of the E2 （high） peaks exhibit in-plane compressive stress for all the overgrowth samples, and the E2 （high） peaks of samples grown on etched substrates shift toward the lower frequency range, indicating the relaxations of in-plane stress in these GaN films. Furthermore, room temperature photoluminescence measurement demonstrates a significant decrease in the yellow-band emission intensity of a-plane GaN grown on etched templates, which also illustrates the better optical properties of these samples.     

湿颗粒堆力学特性的离散元法模拟研究

利用基于线性黏聚接触模型的离散元法对不同颗粒系统的堆积过程进行了数值模拟研究,分析了颗粒形状和湿颗粒间液桥力对颗粒堆积形态的影响机理,获得了球形和块状湿颗粒堆基底表面所受的法向力以及堆中颗粒间的法向力和切向力"中心凹陷"式的分布规律,讨论了颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面作用力和颗粒间作用力的影响.研究结果表明,颗粒形状和液桥力对颗粒堆的堆积形态具有显著的影响.堆积角随着黏聚能量密度的增加而增大,并且相同条件下的块状颗粒堆积角大于球形颗粒.颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面所受作用力和堆中颗粒间的作用力变化及最大幅值均有影响作用.当黏聚能量密度值逐渐增大时,颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值均逐渐增大,并且块状颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值大于球形颗粒堆.当黏聚能量密度值过大时,颗粒堆力学特性更加复杂,液桥力对颗粒堆积特性的影响作用大于颗粒形状的影响.     

湿消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定药用胶囊中的铬含量

以硝酸作为消解液,采用湿消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定药用胶囊中的铬含量.在0～80 ng/mL范围内,铬的浓度与发射光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 98,检出限为1.42 ng/mL.对3个浓度水平的铬标准溶液进行平行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.43％～1.79％(n=6),加标回收率为93.1％ ～110.0％.该方法可以用于药用胶囊中铬的日常检测.     

化学液相汽化沉积法制备炭/炭复合材料的湿态摩擦磨损性能研究

采用化学液相汽化沉积工艺制备炭/炭(C/C)复合材料,通过惯量试验机对其湿态摩擦磨损性能进行研究.结果表明:C/C复合材料的组织主要以粗糙层为主;随着热处理温度升高,复合材料的石墨化度增加,制动过程平稳,动、静摩擦系数升高,摩擦稳定性增加,在较高转速和制动压力下力矩曲线尾翘现象明显减弱;石墨化度较高试样的表面能够形成一层光滑、致密的润滑膜,从而降低其磨损率;所制备的C/C复合材料能够满足湿式摩擦材料的性能要求,并大幅度降低成本.