Electronic structure of the photoactive yellow protein chromophore: Ab initio study of the low-lying excited singlet states

The excited electronic states of the p-coumaric acid thio-ester chromophore of the Photoactive Yellow Protein (PYP) are characterized in view of identifying the key factors determining the chromophore's isomerisation. These factors include the anionic nature of the chromophore, the presence of sulfur (rather than oxygen or nitrogen) in the ester moiety, and the presence of a hydrogen-bonding environment stabilizing the phenolate moiety. Two twisted stationary S₁ structures are identified, corresponding to a twist around the double bond conjugated with the aromatic ring, and the single bond adjacent to the ring, respectively. The latter structure is accessed directly by relaxation from the Franck–Condon (FC) geometry. These structures are shown to entail a substantial polarization effect (increasing charge separation when moving towards the twisted geometry). Further, an inversion of charge character is observed for the double-bond twisted minimum, which can be accounted for by the vicinity of an S₁–S₀ conical intersection. The S₁–S₀ gap at the minimum geometries depends in a sensitive fashion on the -carbonyl heteroatom. Based upon these observations for the intrinsic properties of the chromophore, we further address the effect of the Arg52 residue, which acts as a counter-ion in the native protein environment.     

随机环境中单边二重生灭链的常返性

随机环境中单边二重生灭链是随机环境中单边随机游动的推广，本文利用单边二重生灭链与依时分枝链的关系，分别给出了固定环境及随机环境中二重生灭链的常返，正常返和零常返的几个充要及充分条件，随机环境中的单边随机游动的常返性的相应结果可以作为本文的推论．     

风对建筑绕流数值模拟的一种扩展k-ε紊流模型

本文假设对于近似均匀的高雷诺数流动风，雷诺应力仅与平均速度梯度及两个独立的紊流尺度参量ｋ，ε有·关运用量纲分析和张量的Ｃａｙｌｅｙ＿Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ定理，发展了一种新的紊流封闭模型：扩展ｋ＿ε模型·利用均匀剪切紊流风洞试验数据确定了该模型的系数，并在模型的组成以及对雷诺正应力的预测上与标准ｋ＿ε模型作了比较·采用该新的模型对一正方形截面高层建筑周围的流动风进行了数值模拟，结果表明扩展ｋ＿ε模型改善了对建筑物的周围的风速的表面风压的预测     

Limit theorems for random transformations and processes in random environments

I derive general relativized central limit theorems and laws of iterated logarithm for random transformations both via certain mixing assumptions and via the martingale differences approach. The results are applied to Markov chains in random environments, random subshifts of finite type, and random expanding in average transformations where I show that the conditions of the general theorems are satisfied and so the corresponding (fiberwise) central limit theorems and laws of iterated logarithm hold true in these cases. I consider also a continuous time version of such limit theorems for random suspensions which are continuous time random dynamical systems.

     

强电磁场对某型无线电引信安全性的影响

 为了研究强雷电电磁场（LEMP）对没有保护状态下无线电引信性能的影响，对LEMP进行了模拟。利用MARX发生器向宽带横电磁波（GTEM）室注入雷电电压波，在GTEM室内产生模拟的LEMP电场；利用浪涌发生器向亥姆霍兹线圈注入雷电电流波，在线圈内产生模拟的LEMP磁场。根据某型无线电引信可能遭遇的雷电电磁环境，对处于勤务处理状态的该型无线电引信进行了辐照效应实验，测试辐照前后引信的性能指标，对其差异进行比较，分析了LEMP对该型无线电引信性能指标的影响。结果表明，在强的雷电电磁场环境下LEMP电场会损坏该型无线电引信的高频组件，使其不能产生探测信号，导致引信不能正常发火；LEMP电场还会损坏检波电路，使检波直流电压不能达到正常指标，从而导致引信也不能正常发火；LEMP磁场对该型引信性能基本没有影响。     

The space environment monitor aboard FY-2 satellite

The space environment monitor (SEM) aboard FY-2 satellite consists of the high energy particle detector (HEPD) and the solar X-ray flux detector (SXFD). The SEM can provide real-time monitoring of flare and solar proton event for its operation at geostationary orbit and is also the first Chinese space system for monitoring and alerting solar proton event. During the 23rd solar maximum cycle, almost all the solar proton events that took place in this period are monitored and some of them are predicted successfully by analyzing the characteristics of X-ray flare monitored by the SEM. Some basic variation characteristics of particle at geostationary orbit are found such as day-night periodic variation of particle flux, the electron flux with energy >1.4 MeV in the scope from 10 to 200/cm2 s sr and the proton flux with energy >1.1 MeV in the scope from 600 to 8000/cm·s·sr during the time with no magnetic storm and solar eruption.     

Gas dynamics of a low-pressure chamber in a high-enthalpy short-duration wind tunnel

Gas dynamics of a low-pressure chamber in a double-chamber hotshot wind tunnel is considered. The time needed to fill the second chamber is in good agreement with the value obtained by examining the quasi-steady process of emptying and filling of the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers. The transitional process is strongly affected by wave processes in the channel between the chambers. By changing the place of the throttling grid in this channel, one can change the time of filling of the second chamber (decrease it severalfold). The examined schemes of air input into the second chamber ensure its complete deceleration. The Mach number at the exit of the second chamber (in the wind-tunnel nozzle throat) is almost constant over the cross section and close to unity.Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 29–43, January–February, 2005.     

纳米材料与技术在环保中的应用

本文介绍了纳米技术在大气、污水处理方面的实际应用 ,特别是在环境保护和环境治理方面的应用 .随着纳米材料和纳米技术在环保方面的应用更深入的研究 ,将会给我国乃至全世界在治理环境污染方面带来新的机会     

XRD Analysis on the Fluorescence Material of Sm Doped Si-Ca-Mg System

Fluorescence material of Sm doped Si-Ca-Mg system was synthesized by using the method of solid phase reaction at high temperature. The phase composition and crystal structure of this material were analyzed with XRD method for its composition and the existence form of Sm atom. We aimed to exactly determine the phase composition of this fluorescence material and the doping position and environment of rare-earth Sm atom in the system because these factors have significant effects on the properties. The analytical results show that the Sm atoms dope in Ca2O26Si6Sm8 lattice in the form of atomic site-occupation in three different space positions with different occupancy rates. Therefore, based on the XRD analytical results, the fluorescence material of Sm doped Si-Ca-Mg system with high performance can be synthesized.