稀土变质热锻模具铸钢高温磨损性能的研究

研究了稀土（RE）变质热锻模具铸钢的高温磨损性能，并与热锻模具钢H13钢和3Cr2W8V钢进行对比，探讨了稀土元素的作用和热锻模具铸钢的高温磨损机理。结果表明：随着RE加入量的增加，热锻模具铸钢的磨损率先减后增，RE加入量在质量分数为0．05％时热锻模具铸钢具有最佳的高温磨损性能。RE变质热锻模其铸钢的高温耐磨性明最高于H13钢和3Cr2W8V钢。高温磨损机理为氧化磨损和氧化物的疲劳剥落，磨屑为块状的Fe2O3和Fe3O4。     

Neutral loss of amino acid residues from protonated peptides in collision-induced dissociation generates N- or C-terminal sequence ladders

The widespread occurrence of the neutral loss of one to six amino acid residues as neutral fragments from doubly protonated tryptic peptides is documented for 23 peptides with individual sequences. Neutral loss of amino acids from the N-terminus of doubly charged tryptic peptides results in doubly charged y-ions, forming a ladder-like series with the ions [M + 2H](2+) = y(max) (2+), y(max - 1) (2+), y(max - 2) (2+), etc. An internal residue such as histidine, proline, lysine or arginine appears to favor this type of fragmentation, although it was sometimes also observed for peptides without this structure. For doubly protonated non-tryptic peptides with one of these residues at or near the N-terminus, we observed neutral loss from the C-terminus, resulting in a doubly charged b-type ion ladder. The analyses were performed by Q-TOF tandem mass spectrometry, facilitating the recognition of neutral loss ladders by their 2+ charge state and the conversion of the observed mass differences into reliable sequence information. It is shown that the neutral loss of amino acid residues requires low collision offset values, a simple mechanistic explanation based on established fragmentation rules is proposed and the utility of this neutral loss fragmentation pathway as an additional source for dependable peptide sequence information is documented.     

Robust risk-taking under a sustainable constraint

We consider a model in which the representative investor makes optimal portfolio and consumption choices robust to ambiguity with a sustainable constraint. We find that the influences of ambiguity on risk-taking are two ways. Those are gambling when the risk-free interest rate is less than a critical value, but derisk when the risk-free interest rate is greater than the critical value. Moreover, the erosion of ambiguity on consumption is more substantial in constrained cases, and ambiguity will magnify welfare losses.     

增量式Huber-支持向量回归机算法研究

传统的面向支持向量回归的一次性建模算法中样本增加时,均需从头开始学习,而增量式算法可以充分利用上一阶段的学习成果。SVR的增量算法通常基于ε-不敏感损失函数,该损失函数对大的异常值比较敏感,而Huber损失函数对异常值敏感度低。所以在有噪声的情况下,Huber损失函数是比ε-不敏感损失函数更好的选择,在现实情况当中。基于此,本文提出了一种基于Huber损失函数的增量式Huber-SVR算法,该算法能够持续地将新样本信息集成到已经构建好的模型中,而不是重新建模。与增量式ε-SVR算法和增量式RBF算法相比,在对真实数据进行预测建模时,增量式Huber-SVR算法具有更高的预测精度。     

Second-order properties of the loss probability inM/M/s/s +c systems

The Erlang loss function, which gives the steady state loss probability in anM/M/s/s system, has been extensively studied in the literature. In this paper, we look at the similar loss probability inM/M/s/s + c systems and an extension of it to nonintegral number of servers and queue capacity. We study its monotonicity properties. We show that the loss probability is convex in the queue capacity, and that it is convex in the traffic intensity if is below some ^* and concave if is greater that ^*, for a broad range of number of servers and queue capacities. We prove that the one-server loss system is the onlyM/M/s/s +c system for which the loss probability is concave in the traffic intensity in all its range.Research supported by Grant BD/645/90-RM from Junta Nacional de Investigação Científica e Tecnológica.On leave from: Departamento de Matemática, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1096 Lisboa Codex, Portugal.     

SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYBENZOXAZOLE FROM SOLUBLE PRECURSOR WITH HYDROXY-SUBSTITUTED POLYENAMINONITRILE

Aromatic polybenzoxazole (PBO) precursor, hydroxy-substituted polyenaminonitrile, was prepared by direct polycondensation of 1,4-bis(l-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene (CCB) and 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride (DAR) using pyridine and N,N-dimethylacetamide as condensing agent and solvent. The precursor has good solubility in polar aprotic solvent which is due to the strong dipolar nature of the main chain. The soluble precursor was subjected to thermal cyclization in an inert atmosphere to convert it into the corresponding PBO, which has its 5% weight loss temperature at 540℃ The fully cyclized PBO were characterized by FT-IR and TGA. The introduction of 10% mol 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride (BTC) into the main chain not only has little effect on the solubility of PBO precursor but also raises its 5% weight loss temperature to 552℃ and char yield at 700℃ for the cyclized PBO with BTC.     

Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy for the physico-chemical characterization of aquatic submicron colloids

A combination of energy filtered transmission electron microscopic (EF-TEM) procedures is proposed for the non-perturbing physico-chemical characterization of submicron mineral and organic colloids in aquatic systems. Synthetic hematite microparticles and xanthan polysaccharides were used as well-characterized model colloids in order to determine the optimum EF-TEM analysis conditions. In this paper, it is demonstrated that (i) our model colloids are morphologically representative of naturally occurring mineral/organic associations, (ii) EF-TEM allows the detection of fine xanthan ultrastructures without artefacts of conventional staining methods and (iii) submicron hematite particles can be specifically visualized and spectrometrically measured by EF-TEM within a hematite/xanthan mixture. This EF-TEM procedure appears to be appropriate for the characterization of real aquatic samples.     

矿区植物重金属元素测定的两种前处理方法比较

分别采用酸消解法和干灰化法处理16种矿区植物,并用原子吸收分光光度法测定其中的Mn、Cd、Cr和Zn的含量。结果表明:除Cd外,两种处理方法对Mn、Cr、Zn的测定结果有明显影响。测定植物组织Cd时,两种处理方法都可采用;测定Mn、Cr元素,采用酸消解法较为合适;测定Zn则宜采用干灰化法,并可适当延长木质部分(根、茎)的灰化时间。     

A new Co(II) complex with N,O-donor Schiff base: Synthesis, structure and characterization

A new Co(II) complex with tridentate Schiff base ligand with a N,N,O donor set has been synthesized and characterized by single X-ray technique and spectroscopic techniques. The thermochemical properties have been studied. X-ray structure analysis of the title compound Co(II)L₂ [HL = 2-methyl-6-(2′-hydroxybenzylideneamino) pyridine] shows that the polyhedron around Co(II) is a distorted tetrahedron, and the self-assembly via intermolecular π-π interactions leads to a three-dimensional network. Crystal data for the title complex C₂₆H₂₂CoN₄O₂: Monoclinic, space group Ia, a = 11.741(7) Å, b = 8.149(5) Å, c = 22.764(16) Å, β = 98.530(12)°, V = 2154(2) ų, Z = 4.     

Thermal change of Alq3, tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum(III) studied by TG and XRD-DSC

The thermal change of the tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq₃) is currently investigated by XRD-DSC and TG. The phase transition of Alq₃ from α-phase to γ-phase takes place at 643–669 K. A very sharp peak with the peak temperature at approx. 709 K is ascribed to the melting of the Alq₃. The decomposition of the Alq₃ was observed accompanied with the melting and evaporation at >703K. The effect of the atmospheres on the mass loss procedure was studied by TG. It was found that thermal process of Alq₃ was strongly influenced by the partial pressure of water vapor in the atmosphere instead of oxygen.