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91.
The dynamic viscoelastic response of the two-phase polymer blend systems shows the characteristics of the thermorheologically complex materials. In this paper theoretical equations for describing the dynamic viscoelastic response of such polymer blend systems have been established by means of the mechanical modeling technique. The dynamic viscoelastic response of the blend systems at any blend composition can be predicted theoretically by using the equations established, provided that the dynamic viscoelastic response of the two pure components and the mechanical model parameters are known in advance. Thus, we provide an effective method for studying the dynamic mechanical properties and the molecular relaxation characteristics of the two-phase polymer blend systems. 相似文献
93.
低电流密度下恒电流法制备的聚苯胺修饰电极 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
研究了低电流密度下恒电流法制备的聚苯(PA)修饰电极的性质及其影响因素,探讨了低电流密度聚合的PA膜的优点。发现此种条件下聚合的PA膜具有较好的电荷传输能力,它不仅对Br^-,Tl^+/Tl等电对的氧化还原反应有更好的电催化活性,而且对H^+的Nernast响应也更接近理论值。 相似文献
94.
95.
Multielemental characterisation of cobalt by glow discharge quadrupole mass spectrometry 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Multielemental determination and the assessment of purity of cobalt metal used in the preparation of Ni-based super-alloys have been carried out by glow discharge quadrupole mass spectrometry (GD-QMS). Relative sensitivity factors (RSF) generated from certified iron matrix reference samples (NIST 663 and 664 low alloy steel pin standards) could be used for the determination of different trace element constituents of the sample. Different wet chemical procedures were also carried out for the determination of the trace constituents in the sample. The GD-QMS results are in reasonably good agreement with those obtained from wet chemical procedures, validating the use of the RSF values generated on low alloy steel standards for the computation of trace element concentrations in cobalt metal. A variety of molecular ions formed through the reaction of cobalt (matrix) with the discharge gas (argon) were also detected. 相似文献
96.
The basic principle of comparing the sample
mass with the mass of a reference body in equilibrium gives the equal-armed
beam balance a unique accuracy. Main parameters characterising the suitability
of the instrument are measuring range, resolution and relative sensitivity
(resolution/maximum load). The historical development of the values of these
parameters achieved depended strongly on the practical need in those times.
Technically unfavourable scales of the oldest Egyptian dynasties (~3000
BC) could resolve mass differences of 1 g and had a relative sensitivity of
at least 10–3. More sophisticated instruments
from the 18th Dynasty (~1567–1320 BC) achieved
a relative sensitivity of 10–4 independent
of the size of the instrument. In 350 BC Aristotle clarified the theory of
the lever and at about 250 BC Archimedes used the balance for density determinations
of solids. The masterpiece of a hydrological balance was Al Chazini’s
'Balance of Wisdom’ built about 1120. Its relative sensitivity
was 2⋅10–5.
Real progress took
place when scientists like Lavoisier (1743–1794) founded modern chemistry.
At the end of the 19th century metrological balances
reached a relative sensitivity of 10–9 with
a maximum load of several kilogrammes. That seems to be the high end of sensitivity
of the classical mechanical beam balance with knife edges. Improvements took
place by electrodynamic compensation (Emich, Gast).
In 1909 Ehrenhaft
and Millikan could weigh particles of 10–15
g by means of electrostatic suspension. In 1957 Sauerbrey invented the oscillating
quartz crystal balance. By observing the frequency shift of oscillating carbon
nanotubes or of silica nanorods, masses or mass changes in the attogram or
zeptogram have been observed recently. 相似文献
97.
The strain energies and through-space distances between the two bridgehead E atoms of a selection of 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-ditetrelbicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes
(tetrel E = Si, Ge or Sn) were examined by quantum chemical calculations at MP2 and B3LYP levels. The aim is to identify which
bridges lead to short through-space E,E distances, and simultaneously, to as low strain as possible. A short E,E distance
should improve through-space interaction, and a low strain should promote the thermal stability and possibly also facilitate
their synthesis. The bridges examined included CH2, CMe2, CtBu2, C(CH2)n (n = 2–4), O, NMe, S, PMe, SiMe2, GeMe2, and SnMe2. The calculations indicate that the phospha bridge is a good compromise providing reasonably low strain as well as E,E through-space
distances which are only longer than normal E–E single bonds by factors of 1.06–1.10.
This paper is dedicated to Professor Mitsuo Kira in recognition of his stimulating Si chemistry and his 2005 Wacker Award. 相似文献
98.
Roland Gemperlein 《Mikrochimica acta》1988,94(1-6):353-356
A continuously scanning Michelson interferometer was developed to modulate an intensive light source spectrally. The interferogram is used as a stimulus to investigate spectral sensitivities in insects and man. The FIS-method is fast and precise and shows many advantages which are partly based on the advantages of Fourier spectroscopy. The existing applications are summarized. 相似文献
99.
原子转移自由基聚合原位合成温敏性微球 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以过硫酸钾为引发剂、丙酮-水[V(丙酮)∶V(水)=4∶6]的混合溶剂为反应介质, 在少量二乙烯苯存在的条件下使苯乙烯(St)和对氯甲基苯乙烯(CMSt)进行无皂乳液共聚反应, 得到了粒径大小均匀的交联型聚苯乙烯(PSt)微球, 由X射线光电子能谱对表面组分测定发现: CMSt上的氯原子在聚合过程中富集于交联微球的表面. 以此交联型PSt微球为原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的引发剂, 在22 ℃下引发N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm)进行原位ATRP反应, 得到了表面原子转移自由基聚合接枝的交联聚苯乙烯(PNIPAAm-g-PSt)温敏性微球. 借助傅立叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜及激光光散射仪等对PNIPAAm-g-PSt的结构、相转变温度、形态及不同温度下的粒径变化进行了测定, 结果表明NIPAAm单体成功地原位ATRP接枝在交联PSt微球的表面, 接枝微球的球形更规整, 在水中的相转变温度约为32 ℃, 具有明显的温度敏感性. 相似文献
100.
Hiroki Higuchi Hidetoshi Kawai Masakazu Ohkita Takanori Suzuki 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(15):3027-3030
The newly prepared tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane (TCNAQ) derivatives 1a,b with a chiral auxiliary are good electron acceptors and exhibit weak circular dichroism (CD) based on the absorption of TCNAQ. The twin-type electron acceptor 1c with two TCNAQ units shows larger ellipticity by exciton coupling. UV-vis, CD, and fluorescence spectra were changed drastically upon electrochemical reduction of 1c, which demonstrates the unprecedented three-way-output response system. 相似文献