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131.
Based on the photoelasticity method, the behavior of stress intensity factors (SIFs) near cracks propagating from the edges of openings in plates made of elastic and linearly viscoelastic fibrous composite materials is studied. It is found that the relative value of the SIF, K
1/K
1
0 (K
1
0=0c), near the crack tips on the edges of openings in composite plates is a function of the ratio c/R, whose numerical values depend on the mechanical properties of materials of the plates. Using the quasi-elastic method for solving the viscoelastic problems, the effect of viscoelastic properties of the plate material on the value of K
1/K
1
0 is estimated. It is shown that the values of the function K
1(t)/>/K
1
0 near the cracks on the opening edges in plates made of linearly viscoelastic fibrous composites grow under creep. 相似文献
132.
133.
Over the years, several techniques have been developed to record dynamic fringe patterns in photoelasticity. Due to the whole field recording capability, the photoelastic technique continues to be of interest to the experimental mechanics community. A low-cost dynamic recording system employing an out-dated fax scanner is presented in this article. Details of the optical and electronic functions are discussed. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by recording dynamic fringe patterns off a simply supported beam subjected to impact loading. Further modifications to the set-up to improve the quality of the fringe patterns are discussed briefly. 相似文献
134.
The optical anisotropy (=polarizability) of uniaxial deformed swollen and unswollen PMMA networks depends on the temperature. This is not in agreement with the Kuhn-Grün-theory. The temperature dependence and the negative values even above the glass transition temperatureT
g can be explained by the existence of associations which cause a hindrance of the ester side group mobility. The swelling of the network in the optical isotropic solvent carbon tetrachloride does not degrade the associations and therefore not change the network structure; onlyT
g decreases. The situation is more complicated if optical anisotropic solvents are used. Polar aliphatic and aromatic solvents degrade the associations to some extend and the birefringence is shifted to more positive values. An additional change is caused by specific polymer solvent interactions. Aromatic solvents form complexes with the ester side group and the aliphatic solvent chloroform completely degrades the associations, which can be explained by the formation of hydrogen bonds. Sign and magnitude of the optical anisotropy allow statements on the orientation of the solvent molecules with respect to the polymer chain or the ester side group.Vorgetragen von H. J. Kock auf der Frühjahrstagung der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft, Fachausschuß Polymerphysik, Ulm 1983. 相似文献
135.
用最小二乘法求光弹性解 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文给出了从光弹性数据中决定平面应力分布的最小二乘求解方法。与传统的剪应力差法比较,可同时获得应力模型的全部解,不出现积累误差,从而获得较大的精度;不需单独测定材料条纹值,简化了实验步骤。 相似文献
136.
In this paper, we report on an experimental study of spontaneous, mixed-mode, crack propagation in weakly bonded similar and
dissimilar materials. A unique experimental configuration is proposed to induce spontaneous crack growth events along the
interfaces. The cracks nucleate from tiny circular holes and are triggered by an exploding wire. They subsequently propagate
under the action of a constant, far-field load. Dynamic photoelasticity in conjunction with high speed photography is used
to capture the real-time isochromatics associated with crack propagation. In the case of identical materials, crack propagation
is anti-symmetric with respect to the crack nucleation point while strong asymmetry is observed for the case of dissimilar
materials. In both cases, cracks propagate at constant velocity from the initiation point. The time histories of dynamic stress
intensity factors and of energy release rates of the propagating cracks along the bonded similar materials are also reported. 相似文献
137.
本文用动态光弹性模拟试验和分析方法,观察和分析研究了爆炸应力波对高速扩展的运动裂纹扩展方向和扩展速度的影响过程和机理。结果表明:当[裂纹扩展方向与入射膨胀波(P波)波阵面法线的夹角]=0时,P波的作用不会改变裂纹的扩展方向,但使其扩展速度发生变化,入射剪切波(S波)能使裂纹改变扩展方向;当0/2时,P波和S波都能改变裂纹扩展方向,而且,P波使裂纹扩展速度降低,S波使裂纹扩展速度提高。这一试验研究对于理解爆炸、冲击载荷与扩展裂纹相互作用的机理,对于理解控制、光面、预裂爆破中相邻炮孔之间后爆炮孔产生的应力波与先爆炮孔壁上产生的裂纹的相互作用具有理论和实际意义。 相似文献
138.
本文利用三维光弹性冻结切片法,研究了在各种不同施力方式下,牙周组织的应力分布规律。研究对象是我国12~15岁儿童牙齿。光弹模型采用了牙齿、牙周膜和牙槽骨的组合式模型。得出了施加一个水平力的同时再加一个力偶为最佳施力方式,在正畸矫治中它能使牙齿产生较快整体移动的效果。临床实践证明该方法可行疗效显著。 相似文献
139.
本文根据完全消偏振光的性质,提出了一种描述完全消偏振光的矩阵方法,并从理论上证明了这种列矩阵也可用来表示完全非偏振光,从而能够应用统一的Jones矩阵方法来处理包括非偏振光在内的全息光弹性问题。 相似文献
140.
光弹性应力分析是一种重要的实验方法,确定等倾线参数和等差线参数是光弹法的关键。常用的六步相移法可以自动确定等倾线和等差线参数,但在求解等倾角时,由于不能避免等倾线相位图中耦合等差线的影响,会造成误差。针对这个问题,本文提出优化方案--多次载荷-六步相移法,实现在等倾线相位图求解中消除等差线的影响。通过处理对称受压圆盘在不同载荷、不同光场下得到的光弹图像,实现光弹性等倾线和等差线的自动判读,验证了所提方法的可行性。 相似文献