Analysis of relaxing laser-induced plasmas by absorption spectroscopy: Toward a new quantitative diagnostic technique

Broad-band near UV absorption spectroscopy was used to analyze atmospheric laser-induced plasmas formed on metallic and refractory targets. When the common emission spectroscopy only provides the density of the radiating atomic excited states, the technique reported in this paper is able to achieve high spatial resolution in the measurement of absolute number densities in expanding laser-induced plasmas. The reliability and the versatility of this technique, which is based on the comparison between results of the numerical integration of the radiative transfer equation and experimental spectra, were tested on different targets. The evolutions in time and space of the absolute population of the plasma species originating from metallic alloys (Al–Mg and Cu–Ni) and refractory materials (C/SiC) were achieved over large time scales. Owing to its accuracy, this absorption technique (that we call “LIPAS” for Laser Induced Plasma Absorption Spectroscopy) should bring a new and enhanced support to the validation of collisional-radiative models attempting to provide reliable evolutions of laser-induced plasmas.     

Monitoring of metabolic profiling and water status of Hayward kiwifruits by nuclear magnetic resonance

The metabolic profiling of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa, Hayward cultivar) aqueous extracts and the water status of entire kiwifruits were monitored over the season (June-December) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methodologies. The metabolic profiling of aqueous kiwifruit extracts was investigated by means of high field NMR spectroscopy. A large number of water-soluble metabolites were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The change in the metabolic profiles monitored over the season allowed the kiwifruit development to be investigated. Specific temporal trends of aminoacids, sugars, organic acids and other metabolites were observed.The water status of kiwifruits was monitored directly on the intact fruit measuring the T₂ spin-spin relaxation time by means of a portable unilateral NMR instrument, fully non-invasive. Again, clear trends of the relaxation time were observed during the monitoring period.The results show that the monitoring of the metabolic profiling and the monitoring of the water status are two complementary means suitable to have a complete view of the investigated fruit.     

一种微型FAIMS传感器芯片的研制

基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术,研制了一种微型高场非对称波形离子迁移谱(FAIMS)传感器芯片.芯片尺寸为18.8mm×12.4mm×1.2mm,由离子化区、迁移区、离子检测区组成.采用真空紫外灯离子源在大气压环境下对样品进行离子化,经过离子化区中聚焦电极的电场作用,实现离子在进入迁移区之前的聚焦,提高离子信号的强度.通过在上下玻璃上溅射Au/Cr(300nm/30nm)金属,并与厚度为200μm、采用感应耦合等离子体(ICP)工艺刻蚀的硅片键合,形成迁移区的矩形通道,尺寸为10mm×5mm×0.2mm.离子检测区为三排直径200μm、间距100μm交错排列的圆柱阵列式微法拉第筒,能同时检测正负离子.采用频率为2MHz,最大电压为364V,占空比为30%的高场非对称方波电压进行FAIMS芯片实验.以丙酮和甲苯为实验样品,载气流速80L·h-1,补偿电压从-10V到3V以0.1V的步长进行扫描,得到了丙酮和甲苯的FAIMS谱图,验证了FAIMS芯片的性能.丙酮和甲苯的FAIMS-MS实验进一步表明FAIMS系统实现了离子分离和过滤功能.     

单纵模671nm红光激光器

利用全波片和Nd:YVO4激光器的偏振特性构成双折射滤光片,使用I类临界相位匹配LBO作为倍频晶体,在注入泵浦功率2.7W的情况下获得149mW的671nm单纵模红光输出,光-光转换率5.6%,该结构简单、紧凑,适合用于中低功率激光器。     

基于驻留时间补偿的抛光误差控制方法

 针对计算机控制光学表面成形中光学表面存在中高频误差的问题,提出了一种基于驻留时间补偿的有效控制方法。分析了抛光误差的形成机理和影响因素,对系统的误差影响因素进行分类和定量描述,构建了抛光过程中磨损影响因子、浓度变化影响因子和系统影响因子。基于各影响因素的影响因子对抛光驻留时间的求解函数进行了修正,提出采用离散最小二乘法对修正的函数求解驻留时间。研究表明：这种补偿方法能提高计算机控制光学表面成形技术中加工模型的精度,减小光学表面的残余误差。     

相位片湍流仿真装置中的激光漂移效应

 为了在内场中开展激光传输特性实验研究,设计了一种基于Kolmogorov谱的随机相位片的大气湍流物理仿真系统,并用该大气湍流模拟仿真系统对激光漂移效应进行了研究。采用光束质量分析仪对模拟传输的光斑图像进行采集和分析,通过比较实际漂移方差与理论漂移方差,验证了该湍流仿真系统模拟和评价光束在仿真传输中的性能。实验分析表明,基于湍流相位片物理仿真系统模拟的光束漂移方差与理论曲线基本一致。     

低过模高功率微波方圆模式转换器设计

 设计了一种结构简单的高功率微波方圆模式转换器,可以实现圆波导TM₀₁模式与矩形波导TE10模式之间的相互转换。转换器工作在C波段,中心频率4.1 GHz,其输入端口和输出端口相互垂直。计算和仿真结果表明:中心频率处该模式转换器的转换效率可达99%,回波损耗小于-20 dB,转换效率大于90%的带宽大于0.2 GHz。转换器整体3维尺寸都只有10 cm左右。     

大视场光学遥感器焦平面板的研制

焦平面板作为承载TDICCD器件的部件,其强度、动静态刚度、热稳定性直接影响到遥感器的成像质量.针对目前光学遥感器大视场、宽覆盖的发展趋势,设计了一种新型的焦平面板.选用性能指标优良的高体份SiC/Al复合材料,既满足了结构设计指标的要求,同时又大大降低了产品重量.通过有限元模拟仿真分析和相关试验,验证了设计方案的可行...     

一类奇摄动薄板弯曲问题的匹配渐近解

研究了一类薄板弯曲问题. 对四阶奇摄动边值问题, 引入伸长变量, 构造边界附近的内层解, 然后与外部解匹配. 最后用合成展开式理论, 得到了原问题的的渐近解. 关键词： 薄板弯曲 挠度 渐近解     

菲涅耳波带板应用于聚变靶的高分辨X射线成像分析

在惯性约束核聚变研究中,为了实现1μm高空间分辨keV-X射线成像,文中发展了菲涅耳波带板(FZP)直接成像的分析方法,并通过数值计算研究了FZP的成像特性.针对钛K_α线(光子能量4.51 keV,波长0.275 nm),提出了FZP参数,对制作技术的要求较低.研究了靶尺度的影响.FZP的有效视场使它能够对数毫米大尺度靶实现高分辨成像.还研究了入射光的光谱带宽对成像的影响.FZP的色差有助于单色成像,但是带宽超过限度会导致像的反衬度降低.这些结果表明FZP应用于聚变点火靶的高空间分辨X射线成像的能力,也为应用提出了要求. 关键词： X射线成像 惯性约束核聚变 菲涅耳波带板