Survivable network design with demand uncertainty

The objective in designing a communications network is to find the most cost efficient network design that specifies hardware devices to be installed, the type of transmission links to be installed, and the routing strategy to be followed. In this paper algorithmic ideas are presented for improving tractability in solving the survivable network design problem by taking into account uncertainty in the traffic requirements. Strategies for improving separation of metric inequalities are presented and an iterative approach for obtaining solutions, that significantly reduces computing times, is introduced. Computational results are provided based on data collected from an operational network.     

锥方向高阶广义邻近导数及高阶Mond-Weir对偶(英文)

本文引入了集值映射的锥方向的高阶广义邻近导数.应用这种导数,构建了约束的集值优化问题的一种高阶Mond-Weir型对偶,并建立了相应的弱对偶,强对偶和逆对偶性,获得的结果推广了文献中的相应结论.     

基于Vague集的水电工程方案模糊综合评价

水利工程建设方案决策是多目标综合评价问题,系统指标信息具有复杂、多变,模糊、不确定等特点,采用Vague集相似度量评价模型构建水利工程建设方案综合决策模型,建立基于Vlague集的指标隶属度计算方法,构造基于Vague集相似度的多目标方案评价.针对建设方案决策评价指标的不确定性,通过肯定、踌躇、否定的Vague集相似度量概念延伸了传统模糊集的评价、分析方式.将方法应用于水利工程建设方案决策实例,取得较为满意的结果,表明了方法的合理可行性,为水利工程的建设方案评价提供了科学决策的新途径.     

组合GM(1,1)幂模型及其应用

GM(1,1)幂模型是灰色Verhulst模型的推广.由于初始条件选取影响GM(1,1)幂模型的精度,将平均相对误差函数分别看成是幂指数、发展系数、灰作用量的函数,利用蚁群算法进行参数辨识,从而建立多个单项GM(1,1)幂模型.利用这些单项模型建立了线性组合GM(1,1)幂模型,组合权系数利用最大相对误差最小化原则采用粒子群算法确定.实例表明,组合GM(1,1)幂模型的建模精度高于传统GM(1,1)幂模型,同时也说明方法是有效的和可行的,具有重要的理论意义.     

控制点优化磨光算法在长江径流量预测中的应用

盈亏修正磨光法所得到的逼近效果仍然很差,通过控制点的参数优化和目标函数的最小,提出一种控制点优化磨光算法,利用这个算法得到参数后代入模型,使预测的精度得到提高.通过实例,该算法简单易行,并通过相对误差进行了分析,控制点优化磨光算法所得到的预测值好于神经网络模型、PPAR和小波网络模型的预测值,这为研究磨光法提供了较好的分析方法.     

一个矩阵分解算法的推广及应用

对样本相关系数矩阵等行和分解算法作了简化和推广,使算法不仅可以应用在基于正态总体非独立样本的假设检验问题,也可以有效地运用在最优化算法中牛顿法等与二次函数极小化有关的问题上.     

一类准指数序列的模型优化

在传统GM(1,1)模型基础上,结合最小二乘法原理提出:对本身已具有准指数规律的原始序列直接进行建模,并在此基础上对新模型背景值进行适当优化.克服传统GM(1,1)模型建模过程中的盲目性,并提高了拟合与预测精度.     

Two-dimensional supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry for the enantiomeric analysis and purification of pharmaceutical samples

A new analytical two-dimensional supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry system (2D SFC/SFC/MS) has been designed and implemented to enhance the efficiency and quality of analytical support in drug discovery. The system consists of a Berger analytical SFC pump and a modifier pump, a Waters ZQ 2000 mass spectrometer, a set of switching valves, and a custom software program. The system integrates achiral and chiral separations into a single run to perform enantiomeric analysis and separation of a racemic compound from a complex mixture without prior clean up. The achiral chromatography in the first dimension separates the racemate from all other impurities, such as un-reacted starting materials and by-products. Mass-triggered fractionation is used to selectively fractionate the targeted racemic compound based on its molecular weight. The purified racemate from the achiral chromatography in the first dimension is then transferred to the chiral column in the second dimension to conduct the enantiomeric separation and analysis. A control software program, we coined SFC2D, was developed and integrated with MassLynx to retrieve acquisition status, current sample information, and real time mass spectrometric data as they are acquired. The SFC2D program also monitors the target ion signal to carry out mass-triggered fractionation by switching the valve to fractionate the desired peak. The 2D SFC/SFC/MS system uses one CO(2) pump and one modifier pump for both first and second dimension chromatographic separations using either gradient or isocratic elution. Similarly, a preparative 2D SFC/SFC/MS system has been constructed by modifying an existing Waters preparative LC/MS system. All components except the back pressure regulator are from the original LC/MS system. Applications of the 2D SFC/SFC/MS methods to the separation and the analysis of racemic pharmaceutical samples in complex mixtures demonstrated that an achiral separation (in first dimension) and a chiral separation (in second dimension) can be successfully combined into a single, streamlined process both in analytical and preparative scale.