面源电子枪灯丝的热均匀性分析和设计

测试像增强器荧光屏的亮度均匀性，需要能够发射均匀电子的面源电子枪，设计面源电子枪要对灯丝各点发射的电子数量、电场分布、电子轨迹,以及均匀电子垂直轰击荧光屏几个方面进行理论分析和计算。指出在真空系统中面源电子枪灯丝的热均匀性是使灯丝各点发射的电子数量相等的先决条件，也是灯丝造型设计首先要解决的问题。在真空系统中，热辐射是影响面源电子枪灯丝各点温度的主要因素。参考相关资料，对热辐射均匀性进行了理论分析，推导出3种几何形状的热辐射公式；通过计算和比较，得出了锥状螺旋灯丝的热平衡较好的结论，为下一步电场分析和电子轨迹分析做好了准备。     

压力恢复系统扩压器性能初步研究

 在气动和化学强激光器系统研制中，压力恢复系统扩压器设计技术研究具有重要的工程应用价值。介绍了常温空气介质情况下若干型式扩压器试验件的数值模拟和实验研究结果，针对扩压器扩张角大小、壁面之间加隔板和边界层吹气等因素对其扩压性能的影响作了对比分析。初步研究表明：激光器系统的光腔段和压力恢复系统扩压器采用较小扩张角，扩压器内腔宽度方向设置适当厚度的竖隔板，扩压器左右侧壁采用附面层吹气等措施能有效提高扩压器的扩压效率。而由于压力恢复系统扩压器宽高比很大，在扩压器内腔使用水平隔板对扩压效率没有明显提高，并且当扩压器扩张角度很小时，水平隔板反而降低了扩压器扩压效率。     

离心压气机内部非定常流场的数值模拟

应用NUMECA软件对跨声速离心压气机级动静叶相互干涉形成的三维非定常粘性流场进行了数值模拟,给出了不同时刻叶片表面压力系数的变化曲线,不同时刻不同流向位置截面上速度沿流道宽度方向分布的变化曲线.模拟结果表明压力场和速度场的非定常特性主要表现在叶轮出口、径向间隙以及整个扩压器内.压力面上的非定常现象较吸力面上显著.     

Design of resolution testing facility for ultraviolet imager

We present a resolution testing system of ultraviolet （UV） imager. In this system, an UV Czerny-Turner monochromator with a small f-number is designed to get more energy as an UV radiation source, and its stray light is rejected effectively by light traps. And UV diffuser is employed in order to get uniform light distribution on the resolving power test target. We also design a novel UV collimator which makes infinite UV testing targets. It can reduce the difficulty of optical design and the machining cost, and utilize UV energy at maximum extent. This facility has been applied in the imaging quality evaluation of the UV instrument, and the results accord with the theoretical analysis.     

Spectral-angular characteristics of scattered radiation under pumping near the <Emphasis Type="Italic">D</Emphasis><Subscript>1</Subscript> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">D</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript> lines of the Na atom

The dependence of the form of the scattering spectra on different detunings of the pump wavelength from the sodium doublet D-lines has been investigated. The spectral-angular characteristics of three-photon scattered radiation have been obtained. It has been shown that the composition of the scattered-radiation spectrum strongly depends on the pump radiation power density and the concentration of sodium atoms. Our investigations of the spectral-angular characteristics of the radiation scattered by sodium vapors have revealed new regularities in the generated radiation spectrum.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 766–770, November–December, 2004.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

紫外光谱辐射定标中的漫反射板反射特性研究

建立了紫外波段漫反射板双向反射分布函数的测量装置,研究了在特定接收条件下铝漫反射板双向反射分布函数(BRDF)随入射角的变化,并对测量误差作了相应的分析,漫反射板定标的相对精度小于2.5％。测量了铝漫反射板从250～650 nm的半球反射比。随着波长的增加,铝漫反射板的半球反射比略呈上升趋势,在紫外探测仪的探测波段300～360 nm之间变化约6%。监测了铝漫反射板的半球反射比随时间的长期变化。铝漫反射板在制备一年后,其半球反射比基本保持稳定,在紫外探测仪的探测波段300～360 nm范围内,其半球反射比平均下降约0.9％。     

Collinear Acousto–Optic Interaction of Light Beams near the Optical Axes of Biaxial Crystals

Collinear acousto–optic interaction of light beams near the optical axes of biaxial crystals, including gyrotropic ones, is considered. Efficient acousto–optic transformation of fast and slow light beams under the conditions of internal conical refraction has been revealed. It is shown that the width of the transmission band and the central frequency of ultrasound in collinear acousto–optic filtration in a nongyrotropic crystal are determined by the angle at the apex of the cone of wave vectors (by the anisotropy of the crystal) and in a gyrotropic one by the projection of the gyration vector onto the direction of the optical axis.     

扁薄锥壳在周边弯矩和横向载荷共同作用下的非线性振动

从问题的变分方程和协调方程出发,选取扁锥壳中心最大振幅为摄动参数,采用摄动变分法,对周边简支的扁薄锥壳在周边弯矩和横向载荷共同作用下的非线性振动问题进行了求解.一次近似得到了扁薄锥壳在静载荷作用下的线性固有频率,二次近似得到了扁薄锥壳在静载荷作用下的精确度较高的非线性固有频率.并给出了小变形时固有频率与周边弯矩、横向载荷、振幅以及锥底角之间非线性关系的三次近似解析表达式,数值结果的图形反映了在一定范围内固有频率和各参数之间非线性关系的复杂性和规律性.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIORS IN CONICAL SPOUTED BEDS

The axial and radial distributions of static pressures and vertical particle velocities of conical spouted beds have been simulated and compared with experimental data. Simulation results show that, among all factors investigated, the Actual Pressure Gradient (the APG term) in conical spouted beds, introduced as the default gravity term plus an empirical axial solid phase source term, has the most significant influence on static pressure profiles, followed by the restitution coefficient and frictional viscosity, while other factors almost have no effect. Apart from the solid bulk viscosity, almost all other factors affect the radial distribution of the axial particle velocity, although the influence of the APG term is less significant. For complex systems such as conical spouted beds where a fluidized spout region and a defluidized annulus region co-exist, the new term introduced in this work can improve the CFD simulation. Furthermore, for other systems with the Actual Pressure Gradient different from either fluidized beds or packed beds, the new approach can also be applied.     

考虑气动热对粘性系数μt影响的压气机流场计算

根据气动热影响叶片壁面附面层粘性系数tμ的理论,把考虑气动热对粘性系数tμ影响的粘性体积力计算方法运用于压气机叶栅三维粘性流场计算。计算时使用有限体积显式时间推进法解算Navier-Stokes方程,用Baldwin-Lomax模型模拟湍流流动。所得结果比不考虑气动热影响的三维计算结果更接近实验结果,能更真实地反映压气机叶栅流场的流动。