模糊神经网络在复合地基沉降量预测中的应用

复合地基后期沉降变形对于建筑物设计及安全具有重要意义,针对通过长期沉降观测以得到复合地基的最终沉降需要耗费较多资源的问题,提出了一种基于模糊神经网络的预测方法.该方法考虑沉降变化过程有较大的随机性和模糊性,直接将样本数据进行模糊化,所得的模糊数代表了样本点集与控制点集中各分量之间的相关度,并依此建立模糊BP神经网络进行学习和估算.实验结果表明了该方法对沉降进行预测是可行与有效的,且在相对误差的有效控制方面优于BP网络方法与灰色方法.     

A complementary thermodynamic limit for classical Coulomb matter

The canonical equilibrium measure of classical two-component Coulomb matter with regularized interactions is analyzed in a finite volume. It is shown that, in the mean-field regime, the one-particle density is inhomogeneous on a new characteristic length scale _inh. For a system ofN positive andN negative particles, _inh and the characteristic length scale of correlations _corr (=Debye screening length) are related via _inh=(2N)^1/2 _corr. The major conceptual conclusion that is drawn from this is that one needs two nontrivial complementary thermodynamic limits to define the equilibrium thermodynamics of two-component Coulomb systems. One of them is the standard thermodynamic limit (infinite volume), where one takesN, _corr fixed. Its complementary limit is characterized byN, _inh fixed, and is a finite-volume inhomogeneous mean-field limit. The most prominent new feature in the mean-field thermodynamic limit, which is absent in the standard thermodynamic limit, is an anomalous first-order phase transition where the Coulomb system explodes or implodes, respectively. The phase transition is connected with the existence of a metastable plasma phase far below the ionization temperature.     

多钼酸盐–柠檬酸复合膜的多色光致变色

制备了多钼酸盐–柠檬酸光致变色复合膜，紫外光照后发现不同摩尔比的复合膜呈现不同的颜色。当摩尔比为1.0，0.3和0.2时，变色后的薄膜分别显深蓝色，深黄褐色和淡海绿色。通过对薄膜的拉曼光谱分析证实呈现不同的颜色是由于在变色后的膜中生成了不同的物种。柠檬酸在光致变色过程中起着重要的作用, 在紫外光的照射下它作为空穴的捕获剂, 抑制了光生电子和空穴的复合, 使多钼酸盐呈现紫外光致变色现象。     

ZnO超微粒子光催化氧化降解n-C7H16的研究

利用ZnO光催化氧化技术对气相n-C7H16进行了降解研究，考察了氧气、水燕气体积分数等因素对n-C7H16光催化氧化的影响，利用气相色谱－质谱联用仪和气相色谱仪对气相光催化反应过程中的气体组成进行了定性分析，并对主要中间产物丙醛进行了定量分析，结果发现，ZnO超微粒子光催化氧化n-C7H16的降解率较高，n-C7H16绝大部分被完全氧化成CO2，探讨了n-C7H16光催化氧化反尖的动力学行为及机理。     

Preparation of Tin Oxide-Based Metal Oxide Particles

Tin oxide-doped hybrid particles were prepared by a wet chemical process with organic-inorganic (phenyl/silica) hybrid particles in an alcoholic solution. The phenyl/silica hybrid particles, with a diameter of ca. 790 nm were used as a new support material for tin oxide (SnO₂) particles from tin(IV) chloride. The surface of the particles was modified via nitration of aromatic groups in the particles, to promote formation of the tin oxide coating on the particles. The thickness and surface morphology of the tin oxide layer coated on the nitrated-phenyl/silica hybrid particles could be controlled by varying the tin(IV) chloride concentration and reaction time. The size and morphology of the resultant particles were investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The particles obtained were also characterised by infrared (FTIR) and solid-state ¹³C magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C-CP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of processing parameters on the crystallinity and structure of the doped hybrids were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns.     

SARS CoV内对照RNA病毒样颗粒的构建和表达

在SARS-CoV的核酸检测方法中,由于普遍缺乏安全、稳定、特异的内对照,而不能对样品处理、反转录、扩增以及定量检测实施全程监控。构建的病毒样核蛋白颗粒内对照,能够对SARS-CoV临床检测实施监控。本文通过克隆1.7Kb大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的装配蛋白和壳蛋白基因以及SARS冠状病毒经过突变产生的270bp内对照片断,并将这些基因连接到载体pTrc99a上表达,进行纯化、定量分析、RT-PCR检测和稳定性试验。获得SARS内对照病毒样核蛋白颗粒,在人血清和SM缓冲液中37℃稳定性可达到30天,能抵抗核糖核酸酶降解。将内对照颗粒加入临床样本中一同检测,能够对检测的全过程(样品处理、反转录和PCR)有效进行监控,与SARS-CoV没有交叉反应。研究表明制备的该病毒样核蛋白颗粒稳定、安全、可靠,可作为SARS冠状病毒RT-PCR检测、定量分析的有效内对照参考品。     

聚丙烯酰胺/醋酸铬与聚丙烯酰胺/酚醛胶态分散凝胶的纳米颗粒自组织分形结构

采用原子力显微镜 ,分别对无机交联体系聚丙烯酰胺 Cr3+ 和有机交联体系聚丙烯酰胺 酚醛胶态分散凝胶的微观结构进行了显微图像分析 .发现无论是在有机还是无机交联体系中 ,也无论聚丙烯酰胺和交联剂浓度如何变化 ,在微米尺度上最终形成的都是具有自相似性的树枝状分形图像 ,在更小尺度上则发现单个小树杈分形体都是由纳米级的颗粒紧密堆积而成 .在所研究的胶态分散凝胶体系中 ,树枝状分形结构的形成及其具体的形态取决于聚丙烯酰胺的浓度 ,而交联剂的有无及其多少只对树枝状凝胶分形的几何形态产生一定影响 .实验结果还表明纳米级 (≤ 10 0nm)的胶体颗粒构成的分形结构的凝胶其弹性模量G′比微米级的高出一个数量级 .且粒子尺度越小 ,则凝胶的力学稳定性越强     

Recyclable,non-leaching antimicrobial magnetic nanoparticles

Recyclable antimicrobial magnetic nanoparticles, Fe₃O₄@P(St-co-AcQAC), were prepared through surfactantfree seeded emulsion polymerization involving a polymerizable, hydrophobic quaternary ammonium compound (QAC). These antimicrobial magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activities against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria, and can be reused for multiple times.     

LaB6-ZrB2共晶复合材料的组织特征及控制

用电弧炉和电子束悬浮区熔炉法制备了ＬａＢ６ＺｒＢ２共晶复合材料，并用ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ方法对其显微组织进行了研究。结果表明，ＬａＢ６ＺｒＢ２形成纤维状共晶组织，控制凝固条件可得到定向排列的组织，ＬａＢ６基体上均匀分布着直径为０２～１２μｍ的ＺｒＢ２纤维，纤维长度可达１００μｍ以上。对于固液界面为平面生长的试样，其结晶学取向关系为［００１］ＬａＢ６∥［００１］ＺｒＢ２，（１１０）ＬａＢ６∥（０１０）ＺｒＢ２。