VOF法模拟剪切流动下液滴的变形和断裂运动

本文对剪切作用下悬浮液滴在另一种不相融的液体中的变形和断裂过程进行了数值模拟.采用VOF(Volume ofFluid)法中的三维PLIC(Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation)算法实现界面的重构和输运,交错网格下投影法离散表面张力为源项的不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程....     

Jensen-Tsallis divergence and atomic dissimilarity for ionized systems in conjugated spaces

A generalization of the original Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) is presented in this work, which gives rise to a non-extensive one-parameter divergence providing a powerful dissimilarity measure between electronic distributions. The analysis performed in this study employs the JTD measure to compare one-particle densities of neutral and ionized atomic systems, that generalizes and improves some previous results based on other measures of divergence. Such an improvement mainly arises from the capability of JTD to modify, by means of its order parameter, the relative contribution of specific relevant regions of the atomic densities under comparison, in both position and momentum spaces. Relevant information of the ionization processes attending to structural pattern and periodicity is found, as well as the strong correlation between extremal values of the neutral-cation JTD and those of the atomic ionization potential. Similar conclusions are obtained from processes involving an anion. The analysis includes a study of the dependence of JTD on its order for fixed atomic couples.     

Simple model for the ionization of helium atoms by fully and partially stripped ions in the strong interaction region

Theoretical calculations employing the modified over-barrier model to investigate single and double ionization cross sections of helium in collisions with highly charged ions are presented in the strong perturbation region. It shows the velocity and charge state dependences of cross sections, which coincides with the available experimental data. In order to determine the reliability of this model for partially stripped projectiles, the cross-section ratios have been measured for CZp+, OZp+-He (Zp=1-4) by the coincidence technique in the velocity range of 1-4.5 a.u. The calculated results are approximately in agreement with the experimental data.     

Classification of heterotic Pati–Salam models

We extend the classification of free fermionic heterotic-string models to vacua in which the SO(10)$\mathit{SO}(10)$ GUT symmetry is broken at the string level to the Pati–Salam subgroup. Using our classification method we recently presented the first example of a quasi-realistic heterotic-string vacuum that is free of massless exotic states. Within this method we are able to derive algebraic expressions for the Generalised GSO (GGSO) projections for all sectors that appear in the models. This facilitates the programming of the entire spectrum analysis in a computer code. The total number of vacua in the class of models that we classify is ²⁵¹∼¹⁰¹⁵$2^{51}\sim {10}^{15}$. We perform a statistical sampling in this space of models and extract 10¹¹ GGSO configurations with Pati–Salam gauge group. Our results demonstrate that one in every 10⁶ vacua correspond to a three generation exophobic model with the required Higgs states, needed to induce spontaneous breaking to the Standard Model.     

Simultaneous monitoring of protein adsorption at the solid–liquid interface from sessile solution droplets by ellipsometry and axisymmetric drop shape analysis by profile

In this paper two in situ techniques are combined to simultaneously examine protein adsorption at the solid–liquid interface from sessile solution droplets. With axisymmetric drop shape analysis by profile (ADSA-P) the change in solid–liquid interfacial tension is determined, while ellipsometry is employed to measure the amount of protein adsorbed from the same solution droplet at the solid–liquid interface. Three proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fibrinogen (Fb)) were dissolved to a concentration of 0.05 mg ml⁻¹ in PBS (pH 7) and sessile droplets were placed for 2 h on a 47.8 nm thick gold coating on glass. The gold coated glass was positioned onto a quartz prism with immersion oil. The prism was aligned in a rotating analyser ellipsometer and the optical beam was thus allowed to be reflected at the hydrophobic gold surface. The ADSA-P set-up was built in 90° cross-beamed set-up around the prism. By combining the results for the adsorbed amounts and the interfacial tension changes over the two hour adsorption period, two stages in the adsorption process could be distinguished. In the first stage, the adsorbed amounts increase in correspondence with the interfacial tension changes, indicating that the interfacial tension changes are caused by adsorption, whereas in the second stage interfacial tension changes continue despite the adsorbed amounts being constant. Consequently, the second stage must be associated with conformational changes of the adsorbed proteins. For HSA and Fb, the conformational contribution to the interfacial tension changes (7.8 and 5.3 mJ m⁻², respectively) were approximately 2-fold the adsorption contribution, while for IgG both were equal around 3 mJ m⁻².     

Elimination Voltammetry of Miniaturized Mercury Drop Electrodes

Elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) in connection with renewed mini‐ drop mercury electrodes provides valuable information about the character and kinetics of processes at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Based on the experiment related to the hydrogen evolution, it is presented that the EVLS is more sensitive than other voltammetric methods. Using miniaturized mercury electrodes, the EVLS is capable of detecting the effect of spherical diffusion associated with both the scan rates and the size of an electrode drop.     

Instant controlled pressure drop extraction of lavandin essential oils: Fundamentals and experimental studies

Détente Instantanée contrôlée (DIC), French for Instant Controlled Pressure Drop, was performed on laboratory apparatus as well as on a pilot plant for proving its feasibility, and identifying the optimized processing conditions and recognizing the energy consumption and the quantity of water used for such an operation. GC–MS and SPME analysis of the extracts and residue material were carried out to assess the extracts and solid residues. The lavandin essential oils obtained by using the new DIC extraction process was studied, modeled and quantitatively and qualitatively compared to the conventional hydrodistillation method. The most important differences between the two essential oils were reflected in the yields, with 4.25 as against 2.3 g EO/100 g of raw matter, and in the extraction time, with 480 s as against some hours for respectively the DIC and the hydrodistillation operations. These differences have been previewed through the fundamental analysis. They can normally explain the great decreasing of energy consumption to be 662 kWh/t of raw material. The amount of water to be added was about 42 kg water/t of raw material.     

K介子稀有衰变及其对Multiscale WalkingTechnicolor模型的限制

在多标度人工色模型框架下计算了荷电PG玻色子     

Non-adiabatic gravitational collapse of charged radiating fluid spheres

Dynamical equations governing the non-adiabatic collapse of a shear-free spherical distribution of unisotropic matter in the presence of charge are obtained. A brief outline of constructing a model describing collapse of a charged radiating fluid sphere in the set up developed is given.     

ATLAS discovery potential for a heavy charged Higgs boson

The sensitivity of the ATLAS detector to the discovery of a heavy charged Higgs boson is presented. Assuming a heavy SUSY spectrum, the most promising channels above the top quark mass are H^± → tb and H^± → τ^±ν_τ which provide coverage in the low and high tanβ regions up to ∼ 600 GeV. The achievable precisions on the charged Higgs mass and tanβ determination are also discussed. The H^± → W^± h⁰ channel, though restricted to a small MSSM parameter space, shows a viable signal in NMSSM where the parameter space is less constrained. The observation of the channel H⁻ → τ⁻_L ν_τ + c.c. may constitute a distinctive evidence for models with singlet neutrinos in large extra dimensions.