6AZO-CONTAINING SELF-ASSEMBLY ULTRA-THIN FILMS AND THEIR PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES

A kind of azo-containing resin (Azo-R) was synthesized by a simple way through the coupling reaction of 2-nitro-N-methyldiphenylamine-4-diazoresin (NDR) with phenol, and a new covalentely attached multilayer film from Azo-R as H-donor and photosensitive diazoresin, diphenylamine-4-diazoresin (DR) as H-acceptor via H-bonding attraction by selfassembly technique has been fabricated. Following the decomposition of diazonium group of DR under exposure to UV light, the H-bonds between the layers of the film convert to covalent bonds and the film becomes very stable toward polar solvents or electrolyte aqueous solutions. Thus the UV-irradiated azo-containing films can be used to measure photocurrent in a conventional three-electrode photoelectrochemical cell using KCl as supporting electrolyte. It was confirmed that the azo-containing multilayer film is responsible for the photocurrent generation.     

卟啉类自组装膜在电分析化学中的应用

评述了卟啉及其金属配合物自组装膜在电分析化学领域的应用研究进展,并简要介绍了卟啉的结构及其金属配合物的特点。对卟啉类自组装膜在电分析化学领域内的应用作了展望。     

超增溶胶团自组装体原位合成纳米微粒

提出了一种原位合成纳米粒子的方法, 熔盐/超增溶胶团自组装法. 发现了熔盐的超增溶现象, 并提出了超增溶自组装机理. 在5%VB值小于1的表面活性剂和烃类组分形成连续相的反相胶束中超增溶自组装95%的熔盐, 熔盐形成多面体立方相, 并与表面活性剂的亲水基以静电吸附方式组装. 以超增溶胶团为纳米反应器, 熔盐与沉淀剂在胶团中进行原位合成. 该原位合成法具有不用水为溶剂、最大的沉淀量、粒子呈纳米级粒子和粒径分布范围窄等特点.     

The Intelligent Properties of Micro－reactors for Preparating Nanoparticles

TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by using micro-reactors. The shape and size of the nanoparticles produced from the original micro-reactors and the five times recycled micro-reactorsmother liquor were investigated on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by using the original sample, freeze prepared sample, and dyeing treated sample, respectively. UV-VIS spectrometry was used to study the growth process of TiO2 nanoparticles in main reactors. The results showed that micro-reactors with nanometer magnitude had spherical or oval structures, and could restore to their original structure after they were destroyed. The products prepared in the original micro-reactors were similar to that in the micro-reactors recycled for many times, suggesting that the micro-reactors had memory function.     

Exact Fixed-node Quantum Monte Carlo： Self-optimizing Procedure

In this paper, a novel exact fixed-node quantum Monte Carlo (EFNQMC) algorithm was proposed, which is a self-optimizing and self-improving procedure. In contrast to the previous EFN-QMC method, the importance function of this method is optimized synchronistically in the diffusion procedure, but not be-fore beginning the EFNQMC computation. In order to optimize the importance function, the improved steepest descent tech-nique is used, in which the step size is automatically adjustable.The procedure is quasi-Newton type and converges super linear-ly. The present method also uses a novel trial function, which has correct electron-electron and electron-nucleus cusp condi-tious. The novel EFNQMC algorithm and the novel trial func-tion are employed to calculate the energies of 1 ^1A1 state of CH2, ^1Ag state of Cs and the ground-states of H2, LiH, Li2 and H2O.     

中、碱性条件下L-抗坏血酸自降解非酶褐变过程动力学研究

在中、碱性溶液环境下,对L-抗坏血酸自降解过程非酶褐变反应的化学行为进行了研究。考察了反应温度、时间、pH等对L-抗坏血酸自降解过程的影响,包括对底物消耗、无色中间体及褐色物质生成的影响;分析探讨了褐色物质生成的动力学特征。结果表明:反应体系温度越高,时间越长,溶液越偏向碱性环境,越有利于L-抗坏血酸的自降解及无色中间体和褐色物质的生成。生成褐色物质动力学研究表明:褐色物质的生成只与L-抗坏血酸的降解有关;通过建立褐色物质生成动力学方程发现,褐色物质的生成符合准零级动力学特征。不同pH环境,生成褐色物质的活化能不一样。当溶液pH值为9.5时,褐色物质的生成活化能为27.62 kJ·mol~(-1),均小于其它pH值下的生成活化能。根据L-抗坏血酸降解过程,对L-抗坏血酸降解机理进行了探讨,提出了在中、碱性条件下可能的降解机理。     

二维DNA晶体的程序化设计与自组装的研究进展

按照Watson-Crick的碱基配对原则，在理论上能够人工设计与合成DNA碱基序列并自组装成任何一维和二维结构的DNA晶体。DNA分子这种底端向上(bottom-up)的自组装模式为我们提供了一种精确合成纳米材料的方法。本文将从程序化设计、合成刚性的DNA分子瓦(DNA tile)、分子瓦自组装成二维DNA晶体以及二维DNA晶体作为模板在纳米技术中的应用等方面展开，简述这一新奇的并且有着潜在应用前景的研究领域的最新进展。     

4-巯基吡啶自组装修饰金电极的电化学性质及对抗坏血酸的测定

研究了 4 巯基吡啶自组装膜 (SAM)修饰金电极的制备及其电化学性质 ,并用于抗坏血酸 (AA)的测定。在pH 3.0盐酸 邻苯二甲酸氢钾缓冲溶液中 ,AA在SAM修饰金电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰 ,峰电流与AA浓度在 4 .0× 10 - 6 ～ 1.0× 10 - 3mol L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 2 .7× 10 - 6 mol L ,相关系数为0 9978。该电极对多巴胺 (DA)有排斥作用 ,重现性良好 ,可用于AA的灵敏测定。     

胶束增强型聚电解质微胶囊的制备

采用杂化碳酸钙微球作为模板, 利用LbL技术, 选择聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS), 烯丙基胺的盐酸盐(PAH)和二烯丙基二甲基胺盐酸盐(PADA)聚电解质, 分别组装了PAH/PSS(弱/强)聚电解质胶囊和PADA/PSS(强/强)聚电解质微胶囊. 除去模板后得到了球形良好、分散均匀的聚电解质微胶囊. 研究结果表明, 利用杂化碳酸钙微球作为聚电解质微胶囊的模板, 得到的微胶囊的囊壁厚而致密, 同时, 由于组装采用的聚电解质的种类不同, 囊壁的微观形貌有较大差异.     

向日葵状葫芦脲的合成与超分子自组装

葫芦脲(CB[n],n为最小重复单元数)是一类由苷脲与甲醛经缩合环化而形成的大环分子,因具有良好的分子识别性能及配位性能,在分离、催化、医药、互锁分子及超分子体系构建等领域有着广泛的应用。本课题组在苷脲分子中间的桥上增加一个碳原子,得到苷脲类似物丙基二脲(TD),TD进一步与甲醛缩合环化得到一系列向日葵状葫芦脲类似物(TD[n])。与传统苷脲相比,TD容易在碳原子上衍生化,衍生物对成环反应的影响较小,容易获得TD[n]。相比CB[n]的n最小值为5,TD[n]的n最小值减小到4,TD[4]是目前为止文献报道的葫芦脲家族的最小成员。此外,这些TD[n]有的对金属离子具有很好的选择配位能力,有的对质子化有机胺具有强的外结合性能,它们分别构建了一系列一维、二维或刺激响应型超分子聚合物。研究结果为TD[n]在超分子化学等领域的进一步应用打下坚实的基础。