基于选择判据和贴近度的D-S证据融合方法

针对传统D-S证据理论难以融合高度冲突证据的问题,并考虑到证据正常时Dempster规则具有优越的聚焦性能,提出了一种基于选择判据和贴近度的证据融合方法。把贴近度概念引入到D-S证据合成中,通过证据的一致性度量来计算证据的权重,从而实现了冲突证据的加权融合。同时提出了证据修正的选择判据,将证据分成冲突与非冲突两类,对冲突的证据进行修正后再进行合成,而非冲突证据可直接进行合成。通过实例验证表明,所提出的方法不但保持了Dempster规则优越的信息聚焦性能,而且较好的解决了冲突证据的合成问题。     

单色光束的衍射度

受近期Gawhary和Severini在Opt.Lett.33,1360(2008)一文中引入的光束近轴度的启发,定义了一个独立于光束近轴度的衍射度参数来描述单色光束的衍射扩散程度,所定义的衍射度只依赖于光束的角谱分布,并可以定量比较不同光束的衍射扩散程度.     

宝藿苷Ⅰ纯度标准物质的研制

以淫羊藿提取物为原料,通过正相硅胶柱色谱和凝胶柱色谱等分离纯化手段,研制了宝藿苷Ι纯度标准物质。采用液相色谱–质谱法和核磁共振技术对宝藿苷Ⅰ纯度标准物质进行定性鉴定,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法和胶束电动毛细管色谱(MECC)法对宝藿苷Ι的纯度进行定值分析,同时利用HPLC法对宝藿苷Ι纯度标准物质进行均匀性检验与稳定性考察,通过F检验和t检验法对其均匀性进行检验,表明瓶间和瓶内均匀性一致,12个月稳定性检验结果的相对标准偏差为0.02%,说明宝藿苷Ι纯度标准物质是稳定的。对定值结果的不确定度进行了评价,研制的宝藿苷Ι纯度标准物质的定值结果和扩展不确定度分别为99.7%和0.3%(k=2)。     

水质中10种微量元素混合标准样品的研制

水中微量元素及重金属检测是日常环境监测的主要项目[1-2]。近年来,各类适合多元素同时测定的大型分析仪器在分析检测领域的实验室中得到了普及,使得这些实验室对多元素混合标准样品的需求日益强劲。为了更好地配合国家标准方法GB 3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》、GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》和《重金属污染综合防治"十二五"规划》等有关国家标准和规划的实施,并为我国无机污     

磁场辅助静电纺有序聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的研究

磁场辅助静电纺丝方法能够制备有序纳米纤维,但是其参数之间的匹配关系很少被研究。本文通过正交实验,对影响磁场辅助静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的四个工艺参数(溶液浓度、磁铁间距、纺丝电压和注射速度)在3个水平上进行优化筛选。以纤维直径大小、均匀度和纤维有序度为考察目标,同时考虑溶液浓度、磁铁间距与纺丝电压这三个因素之间的两两交互作用,结合极差分析、方差分析,发现溶液浓度是影响纤维直径和均匀度的高度显著因素,溶液浓度和纺丝电压的交互作用对直径均匀度有显著影响,纺丝电压是影响纤维有序度的显著因素。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定橡胶制品中多环芳烃（蒽）含量不确定度评定

目的对气相色谱-质谱联用仪法测定橡胶制品中多环芳烃（蒽）含量不确定度进行评定,确定影响不确定度的关键因素。方法依据《ZEK01.4-2008 GS认证过程中PAHs的测试和验证》,使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪法测定橡胶制品中多环芳烃（蒽）含量,并对结果的不确定度进行评定,分析影响测量不确定度的各个因素,对各个分量进行计算和合成。结果扩展不确定度U=5.7 mg/kg,置信概率95%。结论该实验的不确定度主要影响因素是曲线校准。     

分析测试经验介绍(243~248)原子荧光法测定金矿中砷和铋的不确定度评估

通过建立数学模型,分析了原子荧光法测定金矿中砷和铋的测量不确定度的影响因素,计算各影响因素的不确定度分量,并计算金矿中砷和铋的合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度.结果表明:测量不确定度主要由样品制备过程和标准曲线拟合构成.金矿中砷的含量为18.398μg/g,其扩展不确定度为0.555 3μg/g(k=2),结果符合测试规范要求.铋的含量为0.359 3μg/g,扩展不确定度为0.441 1μg/g(k=2),铋的不确定度偏大,不符合测试规范要求,应通过降低铋标准溶液的浓度和减少待测液的稀释倍数来降低标准曲线拟合产生的不确定度.     

安捷伦科技推出具有先进蛋白质大小测量功能的液相色谱解决方案

2014年3月14日,北京——安捷伦科技公司(纽约证交所:A)宣布推出1260 Infinity多检测器Bio-SEC解决方案,该解决方案是整个Infinity液相色谱系统系列中的最新创新成果。新一代体积排阻色谱(SEC)系统具有先进的光散射检测功能、完全生物惰性的仪器、高分离度的色谱柱以及直观的软件。这些特性将素有"蛋白质聚集体分析的黄金标准"之称的SEC的分析速度、灵敏度以及重现性推向了全新的水平。     

三维无溶剂含能Ag-MOF的制备、热分解动力学及爆炸性能

Solvent molecules can significantly reduce the heat of detonation and stability of energetic metal-organic framework (EMOF) materials, and the development of solvent-free EMOFs has become an effective strategy to prepare high-energy density materials. In this study, a solvent-free EMOF, [Ag₂(DTPZ)]_n (1) (N% = 32.58%), was synthesized by reacting a high-energy ligand, 2, 3-di(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyrazine (H₂DTPZ), with silver ions under hydrothermal conditions, and it was structurally characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. In 1, the DTPZ²⁻ ligands that adopted a highly torsional configuration bridged the Ag⁺ ions in an octadentate coordination mode to form a three-dimensional framework (ρ = 2.812 g∙cm⁻³). The large steric effect and strong coordination ability of DTPZ²⁻ effectively prevented the solvent molecules from binding with the metal centers or occupying the voids of 1. Moreover, the strong π-π stacking interactions [centroid-centroid distance = 0.34461(1) nm] between the tetrazole rings in different DTPZ²⁻ ligands provided a high thermal stability to the framework (T_e = 619.1 K, T_p = 658.7 K). Thermal analysis showed that a one-step rapid weight loss with intense heat release primarily occurred during the decomposition of 1, suggesting potential energetic characteristics. Non-isothermal thermokinetic analyses (based on the Kissinger and Ozawa-Doyle methods) were performed using differential scanning calorimetry to obtain the thermoanalysis kinetic parameters of the thermodecomposition of 1 (E_a = 272.1 kJ·mol⁻¹, E_o = 268.9 kJ·mol⁻¹; lgA =19.67 s⁻¹). The related thermodynamic parameters [enthalpy of activation (ΔH^≠ = 266.9 kJ·mol⁻¹), entropy of activation (ΔS^≠ = 125.4 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹), free energy of activation (ΔG^≠ = 188.3 kJ·mol⁻¹)], critical temperature of thermal explosion (T_b = 607.1 K), and self-accelerating decomposition temperature (T_SADT = 595.8 K) of the decomposition reaction were also calculated based on the decomposition peak temperature and extrapolated onset temperature when the heating rate approached zero. The results revealed that 1 featured good thermal safety, and its decomposition was a non-spontaneous entropy-driven process. The standard molar enthalpy for the formation of 1 was calculated to be (2165.99 ± 0.81) kJ·mol⁻¹ based on its constant volume combustion energy determined using a precise rotating oxygen bomb calorimeter. Detonation and safety performance tests revealed that 1 was insensitive to impact and friction, and its heat of detonation (10.15 kJ·g⁻¹) was higher than that of common ammonium nitrate explosives, such as octogen (HMX), hexogene (RDX), and 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), indicating that 1 is a promising high-energy and insensitive material.