J积分在分层非均匀介质裂纹问题中的应用

本文对分层非均匀介质裂纹问题的J积分进行了研究,旨在把J积分方法用于焊接接头或分层复合材料的断裂分析。利用弹塑性有限元和本文给出的分层介质J的数值计算方法,在各种载荷水平下对含有软夹层的非均质中心裂纹板的J值进行了计算。软夹层中的裂纹平行于或垂直于夹层与基体的分界,分别按Rice的J积分定义和本文的适用于一般多层介质裂纹问题的J的修正定义进行分析计算。考察了软夹层相对宽度对J积分值的影响。     

Scattering of SH-waves by an interacting interface linear crack and a circular cavity near bimaterial interface

An analytical method is developed for scattering of SH-waves and dynamic stress concentration by an interacting interface crack and a circular cavity near bimaterial interface. A suitable Green‘s function is contructed, which is the fundamental solution of the displacement field for an elastic half space with a circular cavity impacted by an out-plane harmonic line source loading at the horizontal surface. First, the bimaterial media is divided into two parts along the horizontal interface, one is an elastic half space with a circular cavity and the other is a complete half space. Then the problem is solved according to the procedure of combination and by the Green‘s function method. The horizontal surfaces of the two half spaces are loaded with undetermined anti-plane forces in order to satisfy continuity conditions at the linking section, or with some forces to recover cracks by means of crack-division technique. A series of Fredholm integral equations of first kind for determining the unknown forces can be set up through continuity conditions as expressed in terms of the Green‘s function. Moreover, some expressions are given in this paper, such as dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) at the tip of the interface crack and dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) around the circular cavity edge. Numerical examples are provided to show the influences of the wave numbers, the geometrical location of the interface crack and the circular cavity, and parameter combinations of different media upon DSIF and DSCF.     

层状介质中受冲击载荷的裂纹问题

本文对由不同正交异性材料组成的层状结构中受冲击载荷的Ⅲ型裂纹动力学问题给出了解的一般表示。文中利用结合面的边界条件,将问题中所有各量用单一未知函数表示,用积分变换方法将受冲击力作用问题化为对偶积分方程,并用Copson方法给出了解。本文方法也可以应用到裂纹表面受任意动载荷的情况。     

焊接接头材质和力学非均匀体低周疲劳特性研究

焊接接头是由母材区、热影响区和焊缝组成的材质和力学性质非均匀体,与均匀材料相比,有关非均匀体低周疲劳特性的研究还相当少,许多问题尚未完全搞清.本文通过16MnR压力容器用钢焊接接头的应变控制低周疲劳试验,采用宏观试验与微观分析相结合的方法,考虑了焊接接头材质和力学非均匀性的影响,对其疲劳特性进行了较为深入的研究,得出一些新的十分有意义的结论.     

DYNAMIC PROPAGATION PROBLEM ON DUGDALE MODEL OF MODE Ⅲ INTERFACE CRACK

By the theory of complex functions, the dynamic propagation problem on Dugdale model of mode Ⅲ interface crack for nonlinear characters of materials was studied. The general expressions of analytical solutions are obtained by the methods of self-similar functions. The problems dealt with can be easily transformed into Riemann-Hilbert problems and their closed solutions are attained rather simply by this approach. After those solutions were utilized by superposition theorem, the solutions of arbitrarily complex problems could be obtained.     

????????????????????????о?

利用X光照片对射流垂直侵彻反应装甲这一物理过程进行研究，认为爆 轰场加快了射流失稳断裂过程. 并基于射流在空气中运动断裂模型的基础上，运用弹塑性相 关理论，建立了在爆炸场中射流断裂时间模型，利用该模型得到了干扰后射的侵彻模型.     

高强钢广义屈服和破坏理论

结合经典强度理论和现代损伤力学对金属屈服和断裂解释的力学原理,给出了高强钢在应力三轴空间广义屈服轨迹方程的新诠释.根据三向等拉伸应力状态下高强钢屈服和宏观脆断的重合性,提出了高强钢在应力三轴空间的开裂准则.通过对高强钢刻痕杆断裂试验的数值模拟分析,对比验证了该开裂准则的普适性及精度.最后,给出了高强钢广义强度理论的物理解释及抗断设防.建议的广义强度理论是解高强钢裂纹体和无裂体断裂的一个尝试.     

大理岩动态劈裂拉伸断裂的实验研究

利用直径为100mm的Hopkinson压杆和薄圆形铝片作为波形整形器,用不同弹速径向冲击大理岩平台巴西圆盘来研究其动态拉伸强度.考虑了试样的尺寸大小及两个平台附近应力的时间不均匀性与空间不均匀性对实验结果的影响.分析了试样的最大应变率、破坏时间、破坏模式以及破坏过程中的载荷应变关系,得到了关于大理岩在高应变率下拉伸强度及弹性模量的一些结论.进一步又利用该装置径向冲击人字形切槽巴西圆盘试样,对试样的起裂时间进行了初步的研究,以便今后测试动态断裂韧度.     

基体微尺度效应对弹塑性多孔洞材料本构势及孔洞长大的影响

基于尺度相关的应变梯度塑性SG理论，对含孔洞的球形体胞模型进行了解析分析，得到了在基体梯度塑性环境下球形孔洞的演化规律，给出了弹塑性孔洞材料的宏观屈服面方程．与现有的基于尺度无关塑性理论的Curson模型相比，该模型考虑了基体材料的特征长度l与孔洞半径α之比λ(λ＝l／α)对多孔材料宏观屈服面和孔洞演化规律的影响．当不计基体材料的塑性梯度效应和硬化效应时，该模型能退化到经典的Curson模型．