西昌昔格达组粉砂岩动力特性研究

为西昌昔格达组地层场地地震安全性评价提供基础性数据,对西昌经久乡昔格达组粉砂岩进行了一系列动三轴试验.研究结果表明:西昌昔格达组粉砂岩在一定条件下(σ3c=100、200、400 kPa,kc=1.0、1.5、2.0)的骨干曲线符合幂函数模型;动剪应力随着固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大;在偏压状态下产生相同动剪应变所需要的动剪应力比均压状态所需要的动剪应力大.不同固结应力条件下,动剪切模量随固结压力或固结主压力比增大而增大,随动剪应变增加而减小并趋于稳定;最大动剪切模量Gd0与σ3c/Pa、kc均有良好的幂函数关系.阻尼比随动剪应变增大而增大,但增大幅值随动剪应变增大而迅速减小;阻尼比随围压或固结主压力比增大而减小;不同固结应力条件下(λ/λmax)与(1-Gd/Gdo)有良好的幂函数关系并可归一化处理.西昌昔格达组饱和粉砂岩的动剪应力τd随固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大,随振动次数增加而减小;τd/σm随固结围压σ3c增大而减小,随固结主压力比kc增大而增大;动剪应力τd与平均压力σm、固结主压力比kc有较好的线性关系.     

水力压裂解析模型裂缝扩展参数敏感性分析

水力压裂形成复杂裂缝网络是致密储层油气开采的重要技术,掌握水压裂缝扩展机理是控制压裂行为和优化压裂效果的关键.水压裂缝动态扩展行为涉及储层岩体、注入压裂液、压裂实施工艺等方面,其中水力压裂扩展时间、压裂液流体动力粘度系数、压裂液流体注入流速、储层岩石剪切模量成为决定裂缝扩展长度和裂缝开度的重要因素.本研究采用KGD、P...     

Effects of material properties on the competition mechanism of heat transfer of a granular bed in rotary cylinders

Mixing and heat transfer processes of the granular materials within rotary cylinders play a key role in industrial processes. The numerical simulation is carried out by using the discrete element method (DEM) to investigate the influences of material properties on the bed mixing and heat transfer process, including heat conductivity, heat capacity, and shear modulus. Moreover, a new Pe′clet number is derived to determine the dominant mechanism of the heating rate within the particle bed, which is directly related to thermal and mechanical properties. The system exhibits a faster heating rate with the increase of ratio of thermal conductivity and heat capacity, or the decrease of shear modulus when inter-particle conduction dominates the heating rate; conversely, it shows a fast-mixing bed when particle convection governs the heating rate. The simulation results show good agreement with the theoretical predictions.     

剪切和扭转工况下微纳米薄壁蜂窝的等效剪切模量计算

分别针对剪切和扭转两种工况给出了微纳米薄壁蜂窝等效剪切模量的解析计算方法.该方法综合考虑了由面板对芯层的约束导致的高度效应和当蜂窝胞壁厚度进入微纳米量级时引起的尺度效应.首先对蜂窝各胞壁选取了可反映面板约束以及受力状态的三角级数位移场,然后在本构关系中引入修正偶应力理论以描述尺度效应,最后应用能量均匀化方法求得蜂窝的等效剪切模量.以典型六边形蜂窝为例,给出了完整的计算过程和结果.与文献中的等效剪切模量结果进行对比,讨论了不同工况下等效剪切模量随芯层高度和胞壁厚度的变化趋势,以及高度效应和尺度效应之间的相互影响.     

低阻抗多孔材料动态弹性模量和剪切模量实验测定

介绍了PVDF压电特性，讨论了用PVDF压电计直接测SHPB实验中试件两端面的应力－时间曲线。并以泡沫铝为例，说明了PVDF压电计能够解决低阻抗多孔材料SHPB实验技术难题。同时，采用在试件的轴向和周向粘贴应变片实测试件的初始段应变－时间曲线，由周向应变与轴向应变之比求得动态泊松比。取轴向实测初始段应变－时间关系再结合PVDF压电计实测到的试件初始段应力－时间关系消去时间参数，可得到试件应力应变关系的初始段，其斜率即为在高应变率下试件的动态杨氏模量，进而与泊松比计算求得动态剪切模量。     

冲击加载下铝的剪切模量

分别用Steinberg-Cochran-Guinan (SCG)模型、修正的SCG模型和有限应变理论对材料的剪切模量做了数值计算，并与一维平面应变加载下铝的实验结果进行了比较.结果表明，修正的SCG模型与实验结果较为符合.在10—80GPa的压力范围下，剪切模量随冲击压力的增加而逐渐增大，这是由于压力的影响占主要地位，发生了加工硬化.在80—125GPa的压力范围下，剪切模量随冲击压力的增大快速减小，这是因为温度的影响比较严重，发生了高温软化现象.剪切模量最终在冲击压力为125GPa处趋于零，这是由于在该压力点冲击熔化发生，剪切强度消失. 关键词： 剪切模量 Steinberg-Cochran-Guinan模型 有限应变理论 铝     

材料力学实验方法研究

本文论述了材料力学中，利用电阻应变测试技术测试材料剪切模量Ｇ值的方法。     

A MODIFIED TORSION PENDULUM FOR MEASURING THE SHEAR MODULUS OF A SINGLE MICRO-SIZED FILAMENT

A modified torsion pendulum apparatus is developed for measuring the shear modu- lus of single filaments with uniform micro-sized diameter. A single filament fixed at both ends and with a ring-shaped mass attached at the middle is used as a clamped-clamped torsion pendulum. The shear modulus of single filaments can be expressed as a function of the oscillation frequency of the torsion pendulum. The oscillation motion is measured with a CCD laser displacement sensor, and its frequency is determined by the Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） method. The shear moduli of three types of filaments： copper wires, tungsten wires and carbon fibers are accurately measured with this technique. It is found that the size effect in shear moduli of both copper wires and tungsten wires is minor. Finally, the error analysis of our measurement technique is presented in detail.     

Enhancement in Magnetorheological Effect of Magnetorheological Elastomers by Surface Modification of Iron Particles

为了研制具有高磁流变效应的磁流变弹性体,从新的化学修饰的角度制备了各向异性的橡胶基磁流变弹性体. 阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和复合表面活性剂等三种不同类型的表面活性剂分别用于修饰铁颗粒. 使用力磁耦合动态测试仪测量磁流变弹性体的动态剪切模量,并计算材料的磁流变效应. 测试结果表明,当Span 80的含量为15%时,材料的相对磁流变效应可达到188%,除了表面活性外,Span 80的增塑效应也有利于相对磁流变效应的增加. 当使用具有强表面活性的复合表面活性剂修饰铁颗粒时,用量只需0.4%,便可使相对     

SEPARATION OF SCALES IN ELASTICITY IMAGING： A NUMERICAL STUDY

In magnetic resonance elastography, one seeks to reconstruct the shear modulus from measurements of the displacement field in the whole body. In this paper, we present an optimization approach which solves the problem by simply minimizing a discrepancy functional. In order to recover a complex anomaly in a homogenous medium, we first observe that the information contained in the wavefield should be decomposed into two parts, a ＂near-field＂ part in the region around the anomaly and a ＂far-field＂ part in the region away from the anomaly. As will be justified both theoretically and numerically, separating these scales provides a local and precise reconstruction.