还原温度对低温还原法制备的Ni_2P/Ti-MCM-41催化剂加氢脱硫性能的影响

以氯化镍(Ni Cl_2·6H_2O)为镍源、次磷酸铵(NH_4H_2PO_2)为磷源、Ti-MCM-41为载体,通过程序升温还原法制备了Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂,并采用H_2-TPR、XRD、BET、XPS、TEM等手段对其结构和性质进行了表征。以二苯并噻吩(DBT)为模型化合物,考察了还原温度对Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)性能的影响。结果表明,程序升温还原法制备的Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂前驱体的还原温度为318℃,比传统程序升温还原制备的Ni_2P低200℃。在350-500℃下还原得到的催化剂活性相为单一的Ni_2P相,较低的还原温度有利于形成更小粒径的磷化镍晶粒。还原温度为400℃时,制得的Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂比表面积高、分散性最好、表面P富集少,具有最高的HDS活性;在340℃、3.0 M Pa、H_2/油体积比500、质量空速(WHSV)为2.0 h~(-1)的条件下,二苯并噻吩HDS转化率达到99.4%。     

半开口立方烷型簇合物[WOS3Cu3I(4-bpy)3]·0.25EtOH的合成及晶体结构(4-bpy=4-叔丁基吡啶)

在过去20多年里,人们对合成Mo(W)/Cu/S簇合物一直抱有浓厚的兴趣,这主要缘于此类簇合物丰富的结构化学,以及在生命科学和材料科学方面的潜在应用前景[1,2].在这些簇合物中,含吡啶类配体的Mo(W)/Cu/S簇合物的合成因具有良好的三阶非线性光学性质,近年来受到人们的青睐[3～8].     

The syntheses and crystal structures of two incomplete cubane-like mixed-metal clusters: [{WAg2S3C5H5NS}(PPh3)2(X)] · CH2Cl2 (X = S,O)

Two incomplete cubane-like clusters [{WAg₂S₃C₅H₅NS}(PPh₃)₂(X)] · CH₂Cl₂(X = S1, O2) are obtained from the reaction of WS₄Ag₂(PPh₃)₃ and WS₃Ag₂(PPh₃)₃O with excess C₅H₅NS, respectively, The crystal structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data for 1, space group P2₁2₁2₁,a = 9,053(2),b = 19.543(4),c = 25,262(7) A,Z=4,R(R _w )= 0.038(0.046) for 3937 observed reflections with I>5(I); for2, space group P2₁2₁2₁,a = 18.035(4),b = 24,970(8),c = 9.977(2) A,Z=4,R(R _w )= 0.057(0.068) for 2651 observed reflections with I> 3(I).     

甲烷脱氢芳构化W/HZSM-5基催化剂的制备

由H2SO4酸化的(NH4)2WO4溶液(pH=2～3)制备的W-H2SO4/HZSM-5催化剂对甲烷脱氢芳构化(DHAM)反应的催化活性比不经酸化的(NH4)2WO4溶液(pH=8～9)制备的W/HZSM-5催化剂高得多.氧化前驱态催化剂的H2-TPR研究表明,W-H2SO4/HZSM-5试样的还原所需温度比W/HZSM-5低得多;前者可还原至较低价态的W物种在负载总W量中所占比例也比后者高得多.H2-TPR及相关体系的EPR和Raman表征结果相互佐证表明,用H2SO4酸化导致负载钨酸铵前驱溶液中一些由共边正八面体配位结构单元(WO6)n-构成的聚钨酸根物种的生成;W-H2SO4/HZSM-5催化剂对DHAM反应催化活性之所以高,主要由于所负载的W前驱物种较大部分是(WO6)n-基的W物种,而非(WO4)2-基W物种;在较低温度下就可被还原,且在DHAM反应条件下有一部分可还原至较低价态W4+的(WO6)n-物种很可能是催化活性位的前驱组成部分.     

胍盐化合物[C(NH2)3]6.3K[Nb1.3W10.7O40H2]·H2O的合成及性质

通过粉状白钨酸和可溶性铌酸钾水溶液的反应,合成了十二聚系列的钨铌杂多阴离子胍盐化合物[C(NH₂)₃]_6.3K[Nb_1.3W_10.7O₄₀H₂]·H₂O,研究了其水溶液的酸碱稳定性。根据红外、拉曼和紫外光谱、化学性质,认为该化合物可能具有十二聚偏钨酸根阴离子的结构骨架。     

水热合成二硫化钨/石墨烯复合材料及其氧还原性能

以六氯化钨、硫代乙酰胺、氧化石墨烯为原料,采用一步水热法合成了二维的二硫化钨/石墨烯(WS_2/RGO)复合材料。水热合成的WS_2/RGO具有薄层的二维结构,且由于石墨烯的存在,WS_2以较少的层数形成薄片状生长在石墨烯的表面。尝试将这种非Pt类材料用于电催化氧化原反应,测试结果表明,WS_2在碱性条件下氧还原活性非常低,但是复合RGO形成WS_2/RGO复合材料后,电催化氧化原性能有了极大的提高,其起始电位为-0.17 V(vs SCE),转移电子数为3.7,极限电流密度为2.5 m A·cm-2,同时其具有较好的抗甲醇性能和循环稳定性。这是因为WS_2/RGO复合材料的二维结构具有更高的电子传输速率,同时硫化钨和石墨烯可以发挥协同催化作用。这种新型的二硫化钨/石墨烯(WS_2/RGO)复合材料作为非贵金属催化剂表现出良好的氧还原性能,在燃料电池上具有较好的应用前景。     

Fabricating polypyrrole/tungsten oxide hybrid based electrochromic devices using different ionic liquids

A facile approach of polypyrrole (PPy)/tungsten oxide (WO₃) composites electrosynthesized in ionic liquids for fabrication of electrochromic devices is discussed. The electrochromic properties of PPy/tungsten oxide nanocomposite films (PPy/WO₃) prepared in the presence of four different ionic liquids, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF₄), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF₆), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI), and 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI) were investigated in detail. Cyclic voltammetry results revealed that PPy/WO₃ nanocomposite films have much more electrochemical activity than those of WO₃ and PPy film. The electrochromic contrast, coloration efficiency, and switching speed of the composite films were determined for electrochromic characteristics. The maximum contrast and the maximum coloration efficiency values were measured as 33.25% and 227.89 cm²/C for the PPy/WO₃/BMIMTFSI composite film. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

重量法测定高锡钨精矿中的钨

为消除重量法测定钨精矿中钨时锡的干扰,在溶解过程中用氢溴酸反复冒烟进行消除,利用ICP–OES法测定残渣和滤液中剩余钨量,再与传统重量法相结合进行钨的定量测定。结果表明,该方法的检出限为0.01μg/m L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.53%~5.26%(n=5),加标回收率为98.78%~100.93%。该分析方法不仅能够消除锡的干扰,而且可以相对快速得到稳定可靠的结果。     

Stepwise Formation of a 1,3‐Butadiene Analogue of Mixed Heavier Group 15 Elements

The reaction of the phosphinidene complex [Cp*P{W(CO)₅}₂] ( 1 a ) with di‐tert‐butylcarboimidophosphene leads to the P? C cage compound 6 and the Lewis acid–base adduct [Cp*P{W(CO)₅}₂(CNtBu)] ( 2 a ). In contrast, the arsinidene complex shows a different reactivity. At low temperatures, the arsaphosphene complex [{W(CO)₅}{η²‐(Cp*)As?P(tBu)}{W(CO)₅}] ( 3 ) is formed. At these temperatures, 3 reacts further with a second equivalent of carboimidophosphene to form [{W(CO)₅}{η²‐{(Cp*)(tBu)P}As?P(tBu)}{W(CO)₅}] ( 5 ), probably by the insertion of a phosphinidene unit (tBuP) into an As? C bond. In contrast, at room temperature 3 reacts further by a radical‐type reaction to form [{(tBu)P?As? As?P(tBu)}{W(CO)₅}₄] ( 4 ). Compound 4 is the first example of a neutral, 1,3‐butadiene analogue containing only mixed heavier Group 15 elements. It consists of two P?As double bonds connected by arsenic atoms.