靶向葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUTs)抗癌药物的开发

基于肿瘤细胞与正常细胞葡萄糖代谢差异的肿瘤沃伯格效应,是目前新型靶向抗肿瘤药物开发的研究热点之一。本文以沃伯格效应的代谢特征和特异性生物标识物为出发点,从靶向葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUTs)生物靶点和利用肿瘤葡萄糖代谢亢进的生物特征这两个层面,综述了具有代表性的GLUTs抑制剂以及GLUTs靶向型糖偶联抗肿瘤药物的研发现状,讨论并解析通过靶向沃伯格效应开发抗肿瘤药物的设计思路、实施策略与推广前景。     

Pulsed Deposited Manganese and Vanadium Oxide Film Modified with Carbon Nanotube and Gold Nanoparticle: Chitosan and Ionic Liquid‐based Biosensor

Present study describes the synthesis of mixed oxide films of manganese and vanadium by electrochemical pulsed deposition technique on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The film was further decorated with gold nanoparticles to enhance the reduction signal of dissolved oxygen in pH 5.17 acetate buffer solution. All of the electrochemical synthesized modified electrodes have been characterized with Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The electrode obtained (AuNPs/MnOx?VOx/CNT/GCE) was utilized as a platform for glucose biosensor where the glucose oxidase enzyme was immobilized on the composite film with the aid of chitosan and an ionic liquid. The electrochemical performance of the biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and the relative parameters have been optimized by amperometric measurements in pH 5.17 acetate buffer solution. The developed biosensor exhibited a linear range for glucose between 0.1–1.0 mM and the limit of detection was calculated as 0.02 mM.     

A Photoelectrochemical Biosensor Fabricated using Hierarchically Structured Gold Nanoparticle and MoS2 on Tannic Acid Templated Mesoporous TiO2

In a tannic acid assisted synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂, tannic acid was used as a cost effective and non‐toxic template for pore formation. Meanwhile, a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) deposited TiO₂ nanocomposite was coated on an indium tin oxide electrode for the fabrication of a photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing system. Upon the formation of anatase structure, the electrode was coated with MoS₂ for effective visible light absorption. The mesoporous structure led to an enhanced surface area by improving Au NPs and glucose oxidase adsorption. Incorporation of Au NPs led to an enhanced photonic efficiency due to the generation of Schottky barriers. The obtained nanocomposite was used for the light‐driven, real‐time, and selective PEC glucose sensing. Under visible light irradiation, the enzyme immobilized electrodes yielded significant photocurrent improvement owing to the releasing electron donor H₂O₂. The obtained PEC biosensor demonstrated acceptable reproducibility and stability with a sensitivity of 4.42 μA mM^?1 cm^?2 and a low detection limit of 1.2 μM glucose. Also, the linear measurement range was found to be 0.004–1.75 mM glucose. The results indicated that the proposed production method of mesoporous TiO₂ will pave the way for a green chemistry based porous material production, along with the extension of the implementation of semiconductors in PEC biosensing systems.     

方波脉冲法制备Cu_2O@Cu/TiO_2三维阵列纳米复合材料及其作为高灵敏无酶型葡萄糖传感器的研究

采用阳极氧化法制备了TiO_2三维阵列纳米管(TiO_2 NTAs),再利用方波脉冲法在TiO_2 NTAs表面电沉积Cu薄膜,经过煅烧处理后得到Cu_2O@Cu/TiO_2 NTAs纳米复合材料。X-射线衍射仪(XRD)测试表明该材料中Cu和Cu_2O共存。扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)分析显示,TiO_2管壁的外表面均匀生长Cu_2O,选区电子衍射结果表明该纳米复合材料为混晶材料。差分脉冲伏安法表明,Cu_2O@Cu/TiO_2 NTAs在+0.56 V处出现明显的葡萄糖氧化峰,表明该纳米复合材料对葡萄糖具有强的电催化作用,可用于葡萄糖的测定。计时电流法得到葡萄糖的线性范围为0.19～3.5 mmol/L,灵敏度为372.0μA·L·mmol~(-1)·cm~(-2),检出限为3μmol/L。交流阻抗测得Cu_2O/TiO_2 NTAs的传荷阻抗为526.2Ω,Cu_2O@Cu/TiO_2 NTAs为1.8Ω,二者相差292倍,说明Cu作为中间过渡层降低了电子传导的传荷阻抗。将该电极用于血清中葡萄糖含量的检测,测试结果与医院测定结果无显著差异。Cu_2O@Cu/TiO_2 NTAs可作为一种灵敏度高、响应速度快、选择性较好的无酶型葡萄糖传感器。     

Abnormal Blood Glucose Concentration on Degradation Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

In order to evaluate the effect of blood glucose concentration on the reliability of AZ31 magnesium alloy medical implant, the corrosion of AZ31 alloy was studied in a simulated physiological saline solution. It is found that when the glucose concentration is in the normal range of ca. 1 g/L, the corrosion of AZ31 alloy can be inhibited. However, when the glucose concentration becomes higher like that of diabetic patients, the degradation of AZ31 alloy is significantly accelerated. Therefore, for diabetic patients, the change in glucose concentration must be taken into consideration in order to ensure the reliability of AZ31 medical implants.     

温控近红外光谱用于葡萄糖的高灵敏检测

温控近红外光谱在混合体系定量分析以及分子间相互作用分析中已得到应用.本工作利用互因子分析方法（MFA）探索了温控近红外光谱技术测定血清样品中低浓度葡萄糖含量的可行性.测量了不同温度下葡萄糖含量分别为1.0～15.0mmol/L和0.0～1.0 mmol/L的两组血清溶液的近红外光谱,并利用MFA进行了定量计算.结果表明,利用该方法可以实现样品中微量葡萄糖的准确定量,MFA提取的标准信号（SS）的相对强度和葡萄糖浓度之间的线性相关系数R分别为0.9923和0.9895,预测均方根误差（RMSEP）分别为0.35和0.07 mmol/L.     

氮、铁共掺杂碳纳米粒子的制备及在过氧化氢和葡萄糖检测中的应用

以L-酒石酸和一水柠檬酸为混合碳源,以乙二胺为氮源和聚合试剂,并添加六水三氯化铁,通过一锅溶剂热法合成了氮、铁共掺杂碳纳米粒子(N/Fe-CNPs),采用制备的N/Fe-CNPs模拟过氧化物酶催化过氧化氢(H₂O₂)氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基 产生可溶性的蓝色产物,联合葡萄糖氧化酶建立了测定H₂O₂和葡萄糖含量的新方法。 结果显示:H₂O₂及葡萄糖的浓度与反应体系的吸光度呈良好的线性关系,H₂O₂的线性范围为0.2~20 μmol/L,葡萄糖的线性范围为0.1~1.0及1.0~80 μmol/L,最低检出限分别可达42.5和76.1 nmol/L。     

具有过氧化物酶活性的Imm-Fe3+-IL的制备及用于比色法测定H2O2和葡萄糖

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的Imm-Fe³⁺-IL纳米材料具有类过氧化物酶的活性,能够催化过氧化氢(H₂O₂)快速氧化3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)产生相应的颜色变化。 稳态动力学分析表明,Imm-Fe³⁺-IL纳米材料遵循典型的Michaelis-Menten模型和乒乓机理。 辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)相比,Imm-Fe³⁺-IL纳米材料纳米材料具有更强的亲和性。 联合葡萄糖氧化酶建立了H₂O₂和葡萄糖的比色检测方法。 结果显示:H₂O₂和葡萄糖的浓度与反应体系的吸光度呈良好的线性关系,H₂O₂的线性范围为1~200 μmol/L,葡萄糖的线性范围为10~200 μmol/L,最低检出限(LOD)分别为0.35和3.31 μmol/L。     

Synthesis of Biofunctional Janus Particles

Janus particles with anisotropic biofunctionalities are perfect models to mimic anisotropic architectures and directional interactions that occur in nature. It is therefore highly desirable to develop reliable and efficient methods to synthesize biofunctional Janus particles. Herein, a facile method combining seeded‐emulsion polymerization and thiol‐click chemistry has been developed to synthesize Janus particles with glucose moieties on one side. These biofunctional Janus particles show region‐selective binding of protein, which represents a big step toward biomimicry, and demonstrates the potential of the bioJanus particles for targeted drug delivery and binding.