负载型无铬超细铁基变换催化剂的制备和催化性能

 以镁铝尖晶石为载体，以过渡金属氧化物为助剂，用吸附γ－Fe2O3胶体法制备了负载型无铬铁基变换催化剂．TEM，XRD，BET和活性测试结果表明，采用胶体负载法制备的变换催化剂，其活性组分Fe3O4以分立的超细微颗粒分布在镁铝尖晶石载体表面上，颗粒之间存在一定的间隔．过渡金属氧化物NiO或V2O5能够进入Fe3O4晶格形成固溶体，起到代替氧化铬的作用，提高催化活性．负载型催化剂FeNi／MgAl2O4（m（NiO）／m（Fe2O3）＝3％）在汽／气比为1和空速为2000h－1的反应条件下，CO转化率在400和350℃时分别为95％和80％；在高空速和低汽／气比条件下也具有很好的催化性能．稳定性实验结果表明，该催化剂 具有良好的热稳定性和一定的抗硫能力．与非负载型催化剂相比，负载型催化剂具有更为优越的催化性能．     

制备参数对Au／Fe2O3催化剂水煤气变换性能的影响

 采用共沉淀法制备了Au／Fe2O3催化剂，并系统地考察了制备参数对其催化WGS性能的影响．通过BET，XRD，XRF，H2－TPR和HRTEM等表征手段，初步考察了Au／Fe2O3催化剂具有高催化活性的原因．结果表明，金负载量、沉淀剂种类、沉淀方式、沉淀pH值、焙烧气氛和焙烧温度对Au／Fe2O3催化剂的催化性能均具有较大的影响．Au／Fe2O3催化剂的低温高活性是纳米Au与Fe3O4协同作用的结果；Au／Fe2O3催化剂的高温活性是由于活性相Fe3O4起主要作用的结果．纳米Au粒子的烧结会降低其催化活性．     

担载Ru_3（CO）_（12）－Fe_2（CO）_9混合簇的脱羰基作用和表面加氢反应

担载于ＺｒＯ２上的Ｒｕ３（ＣＯ）１２－Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）９混合簇的红外光谱表明，Ｒｕ３（ＣＯ）１２以Ｒｕ（ＣＯ）２Ｏ２表面络合物存在．混合族在真空中随温度升高而发生脱羰基作用，５００℃左右羰基完全脱掉；以Ａｌ２Ｏ３为载体者其羰基不易脱除，升高温度出现多种羰基带．混合簇中的Ｆｅ２－（ＣＯ）９极易脱羰基．担载混合簇在Ａｒ气中进行ＴＰＤＥ时，低温时以脱羰基为主，高于１５０℃时发生表面歧化反应而生成ＣＯ２；在Ｈ２气中，低温时仍以脱羰基为主，高于１５０℃时发生表面加氢反应而生成ＣＨ４．混合簇的脱羰基和表面反应能力与Ｒｕ／Ｆｅ比及载体有关．担载混合簇在ＣＯ加氢反应中以Ｒｕ（ＣＯ）２Ｏ２和分散Ｆｅ存在，还出现－ＣＨｘ多种表面物种．     

真空下X2 (X=Cl、Br)与AgOCN气-固反应机理

在真空条件下完成了X2 (X=Cl、Br)与AgOCN间的气-固异相反应，利用紫外光电子能谱（PES）仪，探测与确定反应产物是XNCO (X=Cl、Br)，并推断其可能为一过渡态反应，生成中间络合物，新键产生与旧键断裂同时进行.     

固相配位化学反应研究——ⅩⅩⅩⅩⅠ.[Co(NH_3)_5(H_2O)]Br_3,[Cr(NH_3)_5(H_2O)](NO_3)_3与无机盐KY(Y=Cl,Br,Ⅰ)的固相反应动力学研究

本文主要用气相色谱逸出气体分析方法,借助于红外、紫外可见漫反射谱等手段研究了[Co(NH_3)_5(H_2O)]Br_3、[Cr(NH_3)_5(H_2O)](NO_3)_3与无机盐KY(Y=Cl,Br,Ⅰ)的固相反应,计算了失水与失氨的动力学参数,发现第一步反应失水生成一取代中间产物,其活化能与外加阴离子无关,为S_N1过程。第二步失氨反应活化能与中心离子M以及取代基Y有关,当M=Co(Ⅲ)时,反应体系的失氨活化能大小有下列顺序:Cl>Br>Ⅰ(E值分别为187、155、98kJ·mol~(-1)),M=Cr(Ⅲ)时则正好相反:Ⅰ>Br>Cl(E值分别为213、146、79 kJ·mol~(-1))。     

SO_4~(2-)/M_xO_y型固体超强酸在有机合成中的应用

SO2 -4 /MxOy(M =Ti,Zr,Fe)是一新型的固体超强酸催化剂 .综述了近年来SO2 -4 /MxOy 型催化剂在有机合成中的应用 ,并对其今后的发展趋势作了预测 .     

Molecular structure of mixed adsorption layers surfactant—polymer at a liquid—liquid interface

Isotherms of the binding of dodecyl sulfate anions (DDS^–)and Na⁺ counterions during their coadsorption with a nonionic polymer. proxanol (PR). at the interface of dodecane-water emulsions have been measured by conductometry and Na-selective potentiometry. The adsorption of DDS^– and PR is concurrent. The affinity constant of PR to the interface determined by the Langmuir model decreases as the concentration of PR increases, and the surface concentration of DDS^– tends to a nonzero limiting value at high concentrations of PR. The surface (_o) and electrokinetic () potentials at the interface have been determined at various polymer concentrations by the spin probe and electrophoresis methods. The average dielectric permeability and density of polymer segments in We adsorption layer have been determined by ESR. The lower boundary of the hydrodynamic thickness of the polymer adsorption layer at the interface has been estimated from the dependences of _o and on the ionic strength.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1653–1661, July, 1996.     

SYNTHESIS AND CATALYTIC PROPERTY OF POLYSTYRENE SUPPORTED GLUTAMIC ACID SCHIFF BASE COMPLEX OF Mn（ Ⅱ ） IN AEROBIC OXIDATION OF CYCLOHEXENE

The polystyrene supported glutamic acid Schiff base complex of Mn （ Ⅱ ） （PS-Sal-Glue-Mn） was prepared with chloromethylated styrene polymer beads, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, L-glutamic acid and manganese （ Ⅱ ） acetate tetrahyrate. The polymeric ligand and the complex were characterized by FT-IR, small area X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and 1CP-AES. In the presence of the manganese complex, cyclohexene （1） was effectively oxidized by molecular oxygen without reductant. The major products of the reaction were 2-cyclohexen-l-ol （2）, 2-cyclohexen-l-one （3） and 2-cyclohexen-1- hydroperoxide （4）, which was different with typical oxidation of cyclohexene. The influence of reaction temperature and additive for oxidation had been studied. The selectivity of 2-cyclohexen-1-hydroperoxide varied with reaction time and different additives. The mechanism of cyclohexene oxidation had also been discussed.     

砷配合物的固相合成、表征及抑菌活性研究

一些砷、锑的配合物具有抗癌、杀菌等生物功能[1,2],可用于药物研究.近年来,用砷剂(主要是三氧化二砷)治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL),具有缓解率高而复发率低的优点,引起世人的关注.因砒霜中仅含氧和砷,起药物作用的实际是砷(Ⅲ).因此,选择有生物功能的配体合成新型砷配合物对治疗白血病可能有一定药物作用.由于砷的无机盐易水解,故合成砷的生物配合物很困难,对砷配合物的研究也很少报道 [3-7].本文用异烟肼、L-苯丙氨酸和三碘化砷通过室温固相反应合成了两种未见报道的砷配合物,经元素分析,紫外光谱,X-射线粉末衍射,中、远红外光谱和热重差热分析确定了配合物的化学组成,并对配合物的抑菌活性进行了研究.     

Alginate Properties and Heavy Metal Biosorption by Marine Algae

The physical properties of the alginate component in four different brown seaweeds (Sargassumfluitans, Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculo-sus, andLaminaria japonica) were characterized using potentiometric titration,¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), chemical analysis, and viscosity measurements. The heavy metal binding capacities of the corresponding seaweeds were directly proportional to their respective total carboxyl group content, and related to the electronegativity of the elements investigated (Ca, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb). The uronic acid composition or sequence of the alginate component did not affect the metal uptake properties of the biosorbents studied here. However, the alginate leaching owing to its solubilization by Na ions was observed to decrease with increasing intrinsic viscosity of the extracted alginate, related to its molecular weight, and with increasing apparent acidic dissociation constant, related to the alginate density inside the biomass.