普伐他汀钠片的溶出曲线研究

以普伐他汀钠片溶出曲线研究为例,详解溶出度实验和方法建立的一般过程和要求,有助于学生加强对固体口服制剂溶出度实验的理解并形成初步的研究思路,有利于培养适应制药工业发展需求的应用型人才。     

基于挥发性组分的气相色谱指纹图谱评价沉香化气片质量

建立了沉香化气片的气相色谱指纹图谱,并结合化学模式识别评价20批沉香化气片的质量。乙醇超声提取20批沉香化气片的挥发性成分,以正十八烷为内标,分析了3个主要组分的含量,且以内标计算其他各组分的相对峰面积,建立了沉香化气片的气相色谱指纹图谱,确定了11个共有峰,得到了各批次样品的相似度,并通过气相色谱-质谱法和对照品比对对10个共有峰进行了指认。将获得的峰面积指纹图谱采用系统聚类分析和主成分分析进行化学模式识别研究,实现了不同批次沉香化气片的区分,发现了造成不同批次样品差异的主要标记物。该方法有效且综合性强,为科学评价与有效控制沉香化气片的质量提供了可靠的参考。     

薄层扫描法测定利喉乐含片中没食子酸的含量

应用薄层扫描法测定了利喉乐含片中没食子酸的含量。以甲苯－醋酸乙酯－甲酸（Ｖ甲苯∶Ｖ醋酸乙酯∶Ｖ甲酸＝３∶５．４∶０．６）为展开剂,１０ｇ／ＬＦｅＣｌ３显色后,用Ｃｓ－９２０薄层扫描仪扫描,扫描波长为５２０ｎｍ。没食子酸在１．２４～６．２０μｇ之间线性关系良好,该法的加样回收率为９５．９３％,板内精密度为２．７８％,板间精密度为３．３０％,为利喉乐含片的质量控制提供了一种简便而准确的含量测定方法     

粉末压片X射线荧光光谱法测定铌铁合金中 铁、铌、硅、铝、磷

为提高铌铁合金检验效率,替代繁琐的化学湿法分析,采用粉末压片制样,利用X荧光光谱法对铌铁合金中Fe、Nb、Si、Al、P 5种主要成分进行测定。选用定值过的生产样品作为内控标准样品,主要研究制样细节对分析结果的影响,确认合适的试样粒度和压片参数,通过曲线拟合建立校准曲线。测定结果与化学湿法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定结果比较,各组分精密度相对标准偏差为0.48%～1.9%,准确度满足国标分析要求。     

原子荧光光度法测定牛黄解毒片中可溶性砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)

用原子荧光光度法测定牛黄解毒片中可溶性砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)。对牛黄解毒片中可溶性砷的基体效应进行了考查,探讨了HCl酸度、还原剂NaBH4浓度对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的测定影响,确定了在酸性介质HCl质量分数为10％-15％,还原剂NaBH4质量分数为2.0％-2.5％时,用校准曲线法分别测定As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)与As(Ⅲ)的总量,用差减法测定As(Ⅴ)含量。对同一厂家生产的牛黄解毒片进行6次分析,As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的相对标准偏差分别为0.80％和2.90％,As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率分别96.7％-103.5％和109.0％-116.8％。     

一阶导数差示脉冲极谱法分析土霉素及其制剂

土霉素在水溶液中于—1.536 V(vs Ag/AgCl)处有一良好的一阶导数差示脉冲极谱峰,其峰幅值与土霉素在10～60μg/mL浓度范围内呈线性关系,检测限为6.9×10~(-7)mol/L。本方法简便、快速、灵敏,结果准确。     

复方丹参片生产中丹酚酸B的快速测定

为建立制药企业在生产复方丹参片时的快速质量控制方法,用TLC及反相HPLC法,对在不同处理条件下的复方丹参片样品中丹酚酸B进行了定性、定量分析,同时优化了色谱条件,提高了测定的准确性。结果表明,甲醇超声处理复方丹参片粉末20 min(1次),再用高纯水超声处理20 min(2次);流动相V(甲醇) V(乙腈) (V甲酸) V(水)=25 10 1 64,波长286 nm。本法线性好,准确度高,简便快捷经济,可用于生产该药的内在质量监测。     

Effect of 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on Release Rate of Metoprolol from Ternary Metoprolol/2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/Ethylcellulose Tablets

The effect of 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin (HP--CyD) on the release of a water-soluble ₁-selective adrenoreceptor antagonist, metoprolol (Met), from ternary Met/HP--CyD/ethylcellulose (EC) tablets was investigated. The release rate of Met from the ternary tablets was dependent on amounts of HP--CyD in the tablets, i.e., the rate decreased when small amounts of HP--CyD were added, while large amounts of HP--CyD accelerated the rate. The slowest rate was observed for the tablet consisted of a 30/10/60 weight ratio of Met/HP--CyD/EC. The analyses of the release rates by the Korsmeyer equation and their temperature dependence suggested that Met is released from the EC matrix containing HP--CyD according to the diffusion-controlled mechanism. The water penetration studies and the micro- and macroscopic observations suggested that the retarding effect of HP--CyD is attributable to a viscous gel formation in small pores on the surface of the tablets, where HP--CyD gels may work as a barrier for the water penetration into the tablets and the release of the drug from the tablets. The in-vitro release property of the ternary tablets was reflected in the in-vivo absorption profile in dogs. The results indicated that a combination of HP--CyD and EC is useful for the release control of water-soluble drugs such as Met.     

Spin-lattice relaxation behaviour of water in cellulose materials in relation to the tablet forming ability of microcrystalline cellulose particles

Medical tablet forming ability of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was investigated in relation to the mobility of water molecules in MCC particles. For this purpose, the spin-lattice relaxation time T1 of water in the system was measured by 1H-NMR. Over a wide range of water contents (0.02 H2O/cellulose (g/g) 1.79), two different T1 (T1,l and T1,s) values were observed for water in each MCC sample. Below the equilibrium water content, water having these two different T1 values exchange with each other in an MCC particle reaching an equilibrium state within a given time scale (equilibrium constant K). The T1,l, T1,s and K values for water in MCC, estimated at the equilibrium water content, showed fairly good correlations with the hardness of the tablets made by the MCC samples. Sample with a shorter T1, or larger K tended to have a stronger tablet forming ability. In the spin-spin relaxation time T2 measurements for protons in an MCC/D2O system, two T2 components originating from the glassy cellulose solid (T2,G) and the swelling region (T2,l) were observed. It was found that the mole fraction xL of protons with T2,L in the system exhibits a clear linear correlation with K. From these results, a structural model for the distribution of water in MCC particles was propoed by taking the surface of each microfibril and the disordered region within the microfibril into consideration     

Rapid drug-screening of clandestine tablets by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

A novel method for the rapid screening of clandestine tablets for drugs by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is described. In this method, cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), a surfactant, is added to the conventional α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) matrix solution used in preparing the MALDI samples. This procedure allows very clean mass spectra to be collected for amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), caffeine, ketamine and tramadol. The method was used successfully in the rapid drug-screening of some actual clandestine tablets, which had been seized from the illicit market, and can serve as a good complementary method to GC/MS for use in forensic analysis.