关于高维单形体积的不等式

给出了高维单形与界面有关的体积不等式和与二面角有关的体积不等式,进而建立正则单形的有别于定义式的体积公式.     

中高温热泵新工质HTR02实验研究

本文从中高温水源热泵对制冷剂的特殊要求入手,通过研究工质的性质、材料相容性、油溶性,开发了一种综合性能较好的混合工质HTR02。通过对新工质在中高温水源热泵试验台机组的大量热工性能试验以及对试验结果的误差和性能分析,表明该工质能够产生75℃左右的热水,有较高的性能系数,具有很好的应用前景;最后还引用比容积压缩功的方法讨论了新工质充灌原有R134a压缩机时的匹配问题。     

直流纯氩层流等离子体射流的长度变化

采用主要由阴极、阳极以及介于阴极和阳极之间的中间段组成的直流非转移式电弧等离子体发生器,在大气压条件下,比较系统地研究了纯氩层流等离子体射流的长度随着弧电流、气体流量以及发生器结构而变化的规律。结果表明:层流射流的长度随弧电流和工作气流量的增加而增长;层流向湍流流动转变的临界气流量值随弧电流增大而提高;在发生器的伏安特性呈大梯度变化的情况下,射流长度随弧电流的变化幅度增大。     

菌紫质薄膜光致折射率变化的理论计算和实验测量

基因改性细菌视紫红质BR-D96N由于M态寿命的延长而具有显著的光致变色特性.根据Kramers-Kronig变换关系,样品吸收光谱的变化会引起样品折射率的变化.本文首先从实验上测量了BR-D96N薄膜样品在光激发前后的吸收光谱,然后根据Kramers-Kronig变换关系,理论计算了对应此光致变色光谱变化的光致折射率变化光谱.实验上为了直接测量样品的光致折射率变化,采用Michelson干涉方法测量BR-D96N薄膜在不同探测波长下的光致折射率变化量,并与理论计算曲线进行了比较.     

转点识别的稳定性

将假设检验的稳定性[1]引入到转点识别中来,考虑了转点识别在正态假设下的稳定性问题.结果显示,转点的N-P检验稳定性不很理想.     

应用Coriolis流量计测量油水两相流质量流量和含水率

本文利用Coriolis质量流量计对水平管内的油水两相流的质量流量和混合物真实密度进行了实验测量,研究发现,在含水率10％-90％的范围内,Coriolis质量流量计能精确地测量油水两相流的质量流量的,相对误差在±0.5％以内;根据油水混合物的真实密度值也能较精确地确定其含水率,计算式的误差小于3％。实验管道内径为25 mm,流量1-4.2 m3/h。     

Effect of Hydrated Ionic Liquid on Photocycle and Dynamics of Photoactive Yellow Protein

The mechanism by which proteins are solvated in hydrated ionic liquids remains an open question. Herein, the photoexcitation dynamics of photoactive yellow protein dissolved in hydrated choline dihydrogen phosphate (Hy[ch][dhp]) were studied by transient absorption and transient grating spectroscopy. The photocyclic reaction of the protein in Hy[ch][dhp] was similar to that observed in the buffer solution, as confirmed by transient absorption spectroscopy. However, the structural change of the protein during the photocycle in Hy[ch][dhp] was found to be different from that observed in the buffer solution. The known change in the diffusion coefficient of the protein was apparently suppressed in high concentrations of [ch][dhp], plausibly due to stabilization of the secondary structure.     

PAN预氧丝环化程度的定量表征

应用恒温定长方法制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)预氧丝, 并测量该预氧丝长周期多层结构的小角X射线衍射谱. 解析图谱发现, 经不同预氧化时间所得预氧丝的长周期L均为11.7 nm; 当预氧时间从20 min增加到210 min, 预氧丝中环化结构相的体积分数X0/L从7.9％增加到86.5％. 而应用广角X射线衍射法测得同批的预氧丝试样环化指数AI值则小很多. 因此, 用X0/L定量表征预氧丝环化程度更为严格准确.     

煤浆浓度和颗粒分布对煤浆黏度预测的影响

采用神华煤制备煤浆,分析了颗粒粒径比λ和小颗粒体积分数ξ对双峰分布浆体黏度的影响,根据浆体黏度的关联式预测了煤浆的黏度并且与实验结果进行了比较。结果表明,采用双峰分布的颗粒制浆可以有效地降低浆体的黏度,同时可以获得较大的浆体体积分数 。在相同体积分数下,随着颗粒粒径比λ的增加,浆体的黏度迅速下降。当小颗粒体积分数ξ_dp1为35%时,浆体的黏度最小。采用Ouchiyama模型计算浆体的最大体积分数Φ_m与实验值较为吻合,而浆体的本质黏度[μ]基本保持不变。考虑λ和小颗粒体积分数ξ对双峰分布浆体的最大体积分数Φ_m的影响,可以采用单峰分布浆体的黏度关联式预测双峰分布浆体的黏度。     

Measurement of ternary polymer/solvent equilibrium data by vapor-phase infrared spectroscopy

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for binary toluene/PVAC, methanol/PVAC and ternary toluene/methanol/PVAC systems have been measured at 100 °C by using vapor-phase infrared spectroscopy. Binary data have been compared with literature data measured by different experimental techniques and agreement between our measurements and others was found to be good. The ternary VLE data indicate that the solubility of methanol in PVAC is not influenced by the presence of toluene, while the solubility of toluene is lowered due to presence of methanol. To predict ternary VLE data, the Entropic free volume and Kannan free volume models and the Flory-Huggins theory were used. The predictive abilities of Flory-Huggins theory and the Kannan free volume model are similar and better than that of the Entropic free volume model.