纳米WO3块体材料的电致变色效应

WO3薄膜能够通过电、光、热变色.实验发现纳米WO3块材具有明显的常规块材不具有的电致变色特性，即当样品中有电流通过时，样品从负极到正极颜色由黄色变为深蓝色.变色前后样品的显微形貌和相结构都没有明显变化.x射线光电子能谱说明变色后的样品中出现了低价的钨离子(W5+).根据实验结果，变色过程被认为是一种电子注入效应.纳米样品中的高价钨离子(W6+)因为纳米材料的表面效应而具有足够大的活性，能与电子结合生成低价的离子，从而使样品变色. 关键词： WO3块材 纳米材料 电致变色     

Fast nonlinear optical mechanism of photoconversion in systems of lyotropic ionic liquid crystals–viologen impurities

We study a new nonlinear optical mechanism of reversible photoconversion between excited dimers and cation radicals, the reduction products of electrochromic molecules (viologens), in lyotropic ionic liquid crystals of metal alkanoates. The results of the theoretical study are compared with experimental data obtained from dynamic holographic recordings as well as nonlinear absorption measurements. The estimated value of the photoconversion probability is higher than the probability of non-radiative relaxation of excited molecules. The value of the cubic nonlinearity is χ ^(3)?～?4?·?10^?7?esu for colored cells of these materials.     

获得高性能电致变色薄膜的ITO表面修饰方法

氧化铟锡玻璃(ITO)以其优良的导电性能和透过率以及相对低的反应活性使其在显示器和电致变色器件中有广泛的应用. 然而, ITO表面的金属氧化物基团也带来了一些问题, 如通过物理方法沉积的电致变色薄膜易从ITO基底上脱离, 从而降低器件寿命, 此种问题在使用液体电解质时显得尤为突出. 为此, 我们利用有机酸小分子对ITO基底表面进行修饰, 继而利用电化学沉积的方法制备聚3,4-(2,2-二甲基丙烯二氧基)噻吩电致变色薄膜. XPS结果表明基底与修饰物间以化学键结合, 超声波处理可以看出电致变色薄膜在修饰后的基底上有更好的稳定性. 本研究提供了一种简单易行的方法来获得高性能的高分子电致变色薄膜.     

Synthesis of 2‐(Selenophen‐2‐yl)pyrroles and Their Electropolymerization to Electrochromic Nanofilms

Bridging pyrrole and selenophene chemistries : Molecular assemblies have been developed that allow scrutiny of the electronic communication between pyrrole and selenophene nuclei. Divergent syntheses of 2‐(selenophen‐2‐yl)pyrroles and their N‐vinyl derivatives from available 2‐acylselenophenes and acetylenes in a one‐pot procedure have been devised (see scheme), which provide access to these exotic heterocyclic ensembles.

     

无模板电化学沉积法制备多孔WO3·2H2O薄膜及其电致变色性能

二水合氧化钨(WO₃·2H₂O)因其独特的层状结构且富含层间结构水,与无水WO₃相比显示出更加优异的电致变色性能。我们采用简单、无模板的阴极电化学沉积方法,成功在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃基底上制备了WO₃·2H₂O薄膜。通过改变电沉积液中过氧化氢(H₂O₂)的加入量优化沉积液的成分,获得了具有纳米多孔结构的薄膜。由此制备的WO₃·2H₂O薄膜显示出大的光学对比度(633 nm处的光学对比度大于90%)、快速的响应速度(着色、褪色时间均小于10 s),以及良好的循环稳定性(经10 000次循环后,光学对比度仍保持在90%左右)。     

气液界面法组装的Ni3(HITP)2电致变色薄膜及其性能

由于缺乏可控的成膜技术,三亚苯类金属有机框架(MOFs)材料的应用受到了限制。我们在气液界面组装了不同厚度的Ni₃(HITP)₂薄膜(HITP^3-=2,3,6,7,10,11-六亚氨基三亚苯),并将制备的薄膜转移到导电玻璃表面。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射透射电子显微镜(FETEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和拉曼光谱对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌和元素组成进行表征,采用紫外可见分光光度计以及电化学工作站对Ni₃(HITP)₂薄膜的电化学和电致变色性能进行了研究和表征。结果表明,得益于Ni₃(HITP)₂电致变色薄膜的多孔结构和与电解液良好的接触,所得薄膜电极N-20具有较短的着色响应时间/褪色响应时间(0.6/0.7 s),且着色效率可达530 cm²·C^-1;而N-50具有较大的光调制范围(740 nm,70%)。     

基于原位聚合离子液体凝胶的固态电致变色器件的制备及性能研究

本文通过在离子液体BmimPF6中原位热聚合甲基丙烯酸甲酯得到了透明的离子液体凝胶。通过交流阻抗测定,当BmimPF6与甲基丙烯酸甲酯的质量比为5∶1时,离子液体凝胶的导电率为1.33×10-3Scm-1。将通过电化学沉积制得的三氧化钨(WO3)和普鲁士蓝(PB)修饰FTO电极,与上述离子液体凝胶一起组装得到了全固态的电致变色器件。原位吸收光谱数据显示所制得的电致变色器件,在±2V的工作电压下,具有稳定的电致变色响应,其着色和褪色时间分别为4.5s和4.0s,着色效率达190cm2C-1(λ=660nm)。     

A greener electrochromic liquid crystal based on ionic liquid electrolytes

An electrochromic liquid crystal (ECLC) material composed of only liquid crystal (LC) and ionic liquid (IL) was developed. The LC containing the substituted diphenylacetylene serves as electrochromic (EC) material to realise transmittance and colour change under the direct current (DC) field, while the IL with the designable cation and anion served as electrolyte. Herein, a series of IL electrolytes was screened to investigate how IL tunes the electro-optic performance of the ECLC cell. By testing the electrochemistry window of ILs in EC cells, IL with the [NTf₂]^? anion shows adequate electrochemical stability when the EC material undergoes oxidation and reduction. The electro-optic performance of ECLC containing 1-ethoxy-4-[2-(4-pentylphenyl) ethynyl]-benzene (PEB) and IL was then evaluated by UV-vis spectrometry under the control of an electrochemical work station. Compared with other PEB-IL, PEB-[Bmim][NTf₂] with [Bmim][NTf₂] electrolyte shows a satisfactory transmittance at low operating voltage. Furthermore, Pd NPs in situ formed in [Bmim][NTf₂] reduced the EC potential and improved the light scattering of the ECLC cell. In this work, we also designed a bifunctional device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) that hosts electrochromic guest molecules, and analysed the electro-optical and electrochromic properties of LC electrolyte mixtures, in order to gain control of the incident daylight and glare in building and automotive applications.     

三氧化钨晶体拓扑结构生长行为及其电致变色性能

本研究利用种子层辅助的水热反应法,在导电玻璃上沉积生长三氧化钨(WO3)晶体结构薄膜.通过调控水热反应溶液中盐酸、草酸的浓度以及后处理温度,分别得到花朵状、海胆状和多孔花瓣状的WO3晶体结构薄膜.采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和电化学表征等手段研究了不同拓扑结构形成的机理及其对WO3电致变色性能的影响....     

利用拉曼光谱仪对MoO3薄膜的电致变色的研究

真空蒸镀的非晶态MoO₃薄膜在H⁺/碳酸丙烯酯溶液中进行电致变色时,其拉曼光谱发生相应变化,继续阳极退色时,其拉曼光谱又退回到初始状态,表明了薄膜的微结构在着色/退色循环中能发生可逆变化。阴极着色时,Mo-O₍₁₎峰向左移动,Mo=O₍₃₎峰向右移动,而Mo-O₍₂₎峰保持不动。根据拉曼峰位移与键强度的关系,我们还可以得出着色过程中注入的氢离子与O₍₁₎结合在一起的结论。