环己酮氨肟化反应中TS-1催化剂的积炭失活

 采用连续淤浆反应器,在环己酮质量空速为6 h-1和温度为70 ℃的条件下,对 TS-1 催化剂上环己酮氨肟化制环己酮肟反应过程中的活性变化规律进行了考察,并用热重-差热分析、程序升温脱附、 N2物理吸附、程序升温氧化和傅里叶变换红外光谱等测试手段对不同运转时间及再生后的催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明,催化剂运转时间在60 h以内时活性稳定,然后迅速下降; 积炭是引起催化剂失活的主要原因. 催化剂表面的积炭主要沉积在 TS-1 的微孔内,含碳物种有两种类型: 易除炭存在于Ti中心附近,可在350 ℃下氧化除去; 难除炭沉积于强酸中心 Si-OH 处,需在700 ℃下才能除去. 催化剂失活前后的骨架结构未发生显著变化,经烧炭再生后活性可恢复到新鲜催化剂的水平.     

Amphiphiles as novel solvents for photochromics: stability and photophysical properties

Abstract

The photochromic compound 2,6-bis(2-hydroxybenzilidene)cyclohexanone (PC) has been dissolved in some selected liquid amphiphiles: dibutyl, tributyl, bis-2-ethylhexyl, tris-2-ethylhexyl phosphate and bis-2-ethylhexyl amine. The aim was to explore its photophysical properties when embedded in the novel chemical environment provided by the amphiphilic solvents. UV-Vis spectra revealed different features depending on the solvent thus highlighting specific solvent-solute interactions and different chemical environments. All the alkylphosphate-based systems were found to be unstable; slow (days) changes in the absorption features due to the slow change in populations of the various species present in solution. Interestingly, the dissolution of PC into bis-2-ethylhexyl amine leads to stable solutions most probably due to the basic character of the solvent stabilising as major specie chalcone forms. Fluorescence spectra suggested the equilibrium between two species with different absorption and fluorescence properties.     

磷钨酸-有机酸性助剂催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸

以磷钨酸-有机酸性助剂为催化体系,催化30%H2O2氧化环己酮合成己二酸。环己酮100 mol,n(磷钨酸)∶n(有机酸性助剂)∶n(环己酮)∶n(H2O2)=1∶10∶400∶2 000时,使用有机酸性助剂调节磷钨酸催化活性,结果表明以磷钨酸-酒石酸钾钠氧化环己酮效果最优,反应8 h时己二酸分离产率达93.1%;单独以磷钨酸为催化剂时,产率62.5%。以4-氨基安替比林或酒石酸钾钠为有机酸性助剂时,随反应时间的延长,产率一般会升高。磷钨酸-酒石酸钾钠和磷钨酸-4-氨基安替比林催化体系重复使用5次后,产率仍分别达到87.1%和80.6%。     

壳聚糖硫酸盐催化合成环己酮缩乙二醇

由酮（醛）和醇合成缩酮（缩醛）,传统的催化剂是强质子酸（如浓硫酸、盐酸或磷酸）,其特点是催化剂价廉易得,催化活性高,但设备腐蚀严重,产物的后处理中存在大量的废酸废水造成环境污染。一些其它的酸性物质如NH2-SO3H、NaHSO4、SnCl4、Bi（NO3）3、维生素C等也是催化合成缩酮（缩醛）的良好催化剂,但催化剂难以回收利用。新型固体酸如分子筛、铌酸、SO4^2- -TiO2、TiSiW12O40／TiO2等由于其良好的催化活性和稳定性,与产物分离简便,     

载体对钯催化剂催化苯酚加氢制环己酮性能的影响

分别以MgO,-γAl2O3和镁铝水滑石(HT)为载体,PdCl2为活性金属前驱体,采用等体积浸渍法制得Pd质量分数为0.5%的Pd/MgO,Pd/Al2O3和Pd/HT催化剂,考察了它们对苯酚加氢制环己酮的催化活性和选择性.采用X射线衍射、N2吸附、H2程序升温脱附、CO2程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱等手段对这些催化剂进行了表征,并与催化活性和选择性关联.实验结果表明,载体的平均孔径越大,催化剂的表面Pd含量越高,催化剂表面的碱中心越多,则越有利于氢和苯酚在催化剂表面的吸附,从而提高苯酚的转化率和环己酮选择性.在反应温度为130℃,H2与苯酚摩尔比为4,LHSV为0.19 h-1的条件下,0.5%Pd/HT催化剂上苯酚的转化率可达90%,环己酮的选择性可达97%以上.     

Diastereoselective cobalt-assisted Ferrier-type rearrangement to construct chiral alkynyl cyclohexanones

Functionalized 1-C-alkynyl sugars are prepared from 2-acetoxy-glucal triacetate. Dicobalt complexes of these sugar acetylenes can stabilize the anomeric carbenium cations, which promote the Ferrier-type rearrangement through the 5,6-dehydro precursors to afford alkynyl cyclohexanones after decomplexation. High stereoselectivity resulted from suitable steric interaction between the C-2 O-protecting group and the alkynyl substituents. Molecular mechanism is discussed.     

4-正戊基环己酮的合成

以骨架镍催化4－正戊基苯酚加氢得到4－正戊基环己醇，再经氧化作用合成了4－正戊基环己酮，并探讨了催化加氢反应中的溶剂化作用。     

Hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols over Pt- and Co-containing ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

Summary Some of the chlorinated organic compounds are widely used commercially because of their advantageous chemical/physical properties or being toxic to pestiferous living substances. We have prepared and applied monometallic Co-, Pt- and bimetallic Co,Pt-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts for hydrotreating 2- and 4-chlorophenols in the temperature range of 300-400 oC using a fixed-bed laboratory reactor system equipped with a gas chromatograph for analysis. In the reaction over the Pt-containing catalyst high initial conversion can be observed, the compounds transform to cyclohexanone, however, the activity of the catalyst decreases even during the 2 h reaction time. In the presence of Co-ZSM-5, the main reaction is simple hydrodechlorination resulting in phenol as the main product, and this catalyst is stable, and the activity does not change. The bimetallic catalyst combines the advantages (and disadvantages) of the monometallic samples. The hydroconversion of chlorophenols resulted in the formation of cyclohexanone with high initial selectivity. However, because of the relatively short catalyst lifetime further optimization is necessary before practical application.</o:p>     

Pd-Ce-B/水滑石催化液相苯酚选择性加氢制环己酮

以Al3 /(Al3 Mg2 )摩尔比为0.2的水滑石(HT)为载体,采用还原浸渍法制备了负载型Pd-Ce-B/HT催化剂,并将其应用于液相苯酚选择性加氢制环己酮.与Pd-Ce-B/Al2O3,Pd-Ce-B/MgO和Pd-Ce-B/SiO2相比,Pd-Ce-B/HT催化剂具有高活性和高环己酮选择性.5.8%Pd-Ce-B/HT上苯酚的转化率和环己酮的选择性分别达82.0%和80.3%,显示了其潜在的工业化应用前景.根据多种表征结果,初步讨论了催化剂的构效关系以及添加剂Ce3 和载体酸碱性对催化性能的促进作用.     

Fluorinated Pd(II)-1,3,5-triketonates: synthesis and molecular structure

Several new mononuclear complexes of Pd(II) have been prepared from perfluorobutyl substituted 1,3,5-triketones (containing linear and carbocycle backbones) and perfluoroheptanoyl cyclohexanone. 1,3-Diketones formed a mixture of trans- and cis-forms, whereas 1,3,5-triketones gave trans-complexes exclusively. The enolization of the non-bonded carbonyls in this case depends on the nature of substituents at positions 2 and 4 of the 1,3,5-triketone moiety. The molecular structure of one triketonate complex was confirmed by X-ray single crystal investigation.