木质素磺酸镁接枝丙烯酰胺的影响因素

天然高分子化合物木质素是木材水解工业和造纸工业的副产物。早期人们在研究纤维素同甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯腈的接枝反应中时发现了木质素的接枝反应活性[1],Meisterh和Patil[2]则实现了将—CONH2接枝于木质素的设想,雷中方[3]等研究了木质素同具有较好吸附能力的—CONH2的接枝改性,并讨论了改性产物的水处理性能,他们所用的木质素是采用酸析法从碱法草浆黑液中提取的。本文以酸法制浆的红液 木素磺酸镁为原料,合成了木质素 丙烯酸胺接枝共聚物,并对接枝聚合过程中的引发体系、引发剂浓度、反应温度、木素与单体用量比、固液比等影…     

Description of the turbidity measurements near the phase transition temperature of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) copolymers: the effect of pH, concentration, hydrophilic and hydrophobic content on the turbidity

Absorbance values between 300 and 800 nm of aqueous solutions of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-itaconic acid-9.80), poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-itaconic acid-52.05) and poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)s containing Tegomer H-Si 2111 end groups and/or blocks were measured using a Shimadzu 160-A UV-visible spectrometer. Turbidities obtained from these absorbance values were used to interpret the macromolecular phase transition from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic structure of the polymers. The effects of comonomer type and content, concentration of the solutions, pH and temperature on the coil-globule transition were discussed in terms of turbidity form factor, β related to size and shapes of particles and calculated by using the simplified form of Debye equation.The results presented in this work show that the presence of Tegomer H-Si 2111 (Si containing end groups and/or blocks) or high amount of itaconic acid (IA) in the chains prevent a collapse transition from hydrated extended coils to hydrophobic globules, which aggregate and form a separate phase (β<2). Furthermore, it was observed that in the case of concentrated solutions intermolecular hydrophobic interactions between isopropyl groups overcame the repulsive forces resulting from the ionized carboxylic acid groups of IA or surface active nature of Si containing hydrophobic groups (β>2). This stage of the transition corresponds to macroscopic phase separation after an intramolecular process.     

丙烯酸盐与丙烯酰胺共聚制备耐盐性高吸水树脂

以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸铵-亚硫酸钠为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成了耐盐性高吸水树脂-聚(丙烯酸钠-co-丙烯酰胺).研究了单体配比、丙烯酸中和度、引发剂及交联剂用量以及反应温度对常压及加压(1.96×103Pa)下吸盐水(wNaCl=0.009)率的影响.并对其结构进行了表征.该耐盐性高吸水树脂常压和加压下吸盐水率分别为50g·g-1和18 g·g-1,且凝胶强度好.     

脲对丙烯酰胺聚合及产物结构的影响

本文研究了添加脲（添加量为丙烯酞胺的０．０６３到０．２００质量比）对丙烯酰胺聚合的影响。脲的加入能取代丙烯酞胺的双分于氢键缔合，使聚丙烯酰胺的水溶性速度提高，玻璃化温度下降。用红外光谱分析和差热分析的结构分析证实了上述机理。     

活性炭对丙烯酰胺单体水溶液的精制作用

活性炭对丙烯酰胺单体水溶液的精制作用李瑛＊孙文霞季鸿渐郭淑玲＊＊申花英＊＊（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词丙烯酰胺，精制，活性炭１９９６－１２－１３收稿，１９９７－０６－１６修回国家“八五”攻关项目专题＊＊现在大庆油田管理局化...     

New supports for enzyme immobilization based on copolymers of vinylene carbonate and acrylamide

In this study, a series of beadlike and hydrophilic supports containing reactive cyclic carbonate groups for enzyme immobilization were prepared via reverse-phase suspension copolymerization of the aqueous solutions of vinylene carbonate (VCA), acrylamide (AA), and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide in paraffin oil. The supports were used as a matrix for immobilization of trypsin and showed a considerable capacity to couple with trypsin and reasonable retention of activity for the immobilized trypsin, depending on the immobilization conditions, such as the content of VCA structural units, reaction time, and pH of the medium.     

Electrophysical properties of metal nitrate complexes with polyacrylamide

The electrophysical characteristics of metallopolymers obtained by spontaneous polymerization of complexes of Er, Ca, and UO₂ nitrates with acrylamide were investigated. The conductivity () at direct current was measured (10^–5 to 10^–6 Ohm^–1 cm^–1), and its alterations during the polymerization were observed. The conductivity of the metallopolymers obtained depends essentially on the voltage applied during the polymerization and the component ratio in the original mixture. It is concluded that the conductivity is ionic in character. The conductivity and the electret properties discovered depend on the moisture content of the samples.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 865–867, May, 1994.     

聚偶氮酯的合成及用于乳液聚合

<正> 偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)与二元醇反应得到聚偶氮酯(polyazoester),进而可按自由基反应引发单体聚合制备嵌段共聚物,近年来国外已有研究,其所用单体多为1,6-己二醇等低分子二元醇。本实验选用AIBN和PEG 400,用Pinner合成法经改进后制得了聚偶氮酯,分析了该产物的结构和热分解动力学,并使之部分分解引发丙烯酰胺得到了兼具表面活性和引发活性的预聚物。结果表明,这种预聚物用于醋酸乙烯聚合、苯乙烯和     

Positron annihilation studies of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) gel in mixed solvents

Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy was used to characterize the reentrant volume‐phase‐transition behavior of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogel in an ethanol/water mixed solvent. The polymer gel was synthesized with γ irradiation. The ortho‐positronium lifetime (τ₃) in the gel slowly increased with an increase in the ethanol content in the mixed solvent. τ₃ was not influenced by the volume phase transition. The ortho‐positronium intensity decreased with the collapse of the gel in an approximately 10% ethanol/water mixture. When swelled in pure ethanol, τ₃ initially increased with the solvent amount in the gel, showing the destruction of intramolecular hydrogen bonding and the relaxation of polymer chains. The lower critical solution temperature of the gel in the 10% ethanol/water mixture was lower than that in pure water, and τ₃ for various solvent contents showed behavior similar to that seen in pure solvent. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1028–1036, 2002     

含金鸡纳碱的光活性聚合物──Ⅰ．金鸡纳碱／丙烯酰胺共聚物的合成与表征

研究了金鸡纳碱与丙烯酰胺的自由基共聚反应。发现在氯仿／乙醇混合溶剂中采用硫酸奎宁作为金鸡纳碱共聚单体可以合成收率和金鸡纳碱含量均较高的新型水溶性共聚物。对共聚物用元素分析、核磁共振、粘度和旋光度测定等方法进行表征，发现在假定丙烯酰胺链节为非光活性的条件下共聚物中金鸡纳碱链节的比旋光度随聚合配方中金鸡纳碱含量的增加而增加。