Effects of thermal treatments on a NiMoO4 precursor prepared by immobilizing Ni aq 2+ and MoO 4aq 2 - in an organic matrix

A novel preparation methodology of NiMoO₄ catalysts is described, consisting in immobilizing a precursor aqueous solution containing Ni and Mo ions by gelation with agar. Compared with other precursors prepared by coprecipitation, the gel, on heating, begins to crystallize at a very low temperature, with the collapse of the gel structure.The elimination of the water representing the greatest part of the gel weight is the predominant phenomenon taking place during the thermal activation treatment and the phase composition of the oxide formed changes as follows: fast heating favours the stabilization at room temperature of the metastable tetrahedral -NiMoO₄ phase, while slow heating allows an increased formation of the more stable octahedral -phase.     

Influence of Sulfation on the Catalytic Activity of Ni-ZrO2 for NO Reduction with Propane in Excess Oxygen

Selective catalytic reduction （SCR） of nitric oxide with propane in excess oxygen was investigated on Ni-ZrO2 （NZ） and sulfated Ni-ZrO2 （SNZ）, prepared by coprecipitation from a mixture of nickel nitrate-zirconium oxychloride followed by modifying with （NH4）2SO4. It was found that sulfated Ni-ZrO2 catalyst showed higher activity for the SCR of NO with propane than that of Ni-ZrO2. The structural and surface properties of catalysts were studied by XRD, BET, SEM and FT-IR of pyridine adsorption. The experimental results indicated that the modification of （NH4）2SO4 resulted in the generation of strong BrOnsted and Lewis acid sites and promoted the dispersion of the Ni species, which could lead to higher NO conversion and propane efficiency in NO reduction.     

丙烷氧化脱氢M-Fe-O催化剂的研究

采用微波加热草酸盐共沉淀法制备了一系列M-Fe-O(M=V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn)催化剂,考察了其对丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应的催化性能,并对催化剂进行了BET、XRD、H2-TPR、电导测量等表征.实验结果表明V-Fe-O和Cr-Fe-O催化剂表现出较好的丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能.反应温度为873 K时,以V-Fe-O为催化剂时丙烷转化率34.46%,丙烯选择性30.91%;在Cr-Fe-O为催化剂上丙烷转化率36.31%,丙烯选择性34.22%.     

N‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl)‐N‐methyldithiocarbamato Complexes of Nickel(II) with Phosphorus Donor Ligands

Planar nickel(II) complexes involving N‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl)‐N‐methyldithiocarbamate, such as [NiX(nmedtc)(PPh₃)] (X = Cl, NCS; PPh₃ = triphenylphosphine), and [Ni(nmedtc)(P‐P)]ClO₄(P‐P = 1,1‐bis(diphenylphosphino)methane(dppm); 1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (1,3‐dppp); 1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane(1,4‐dppb) have been synthesized. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR and electronic spectroscopies. The increased νC–N value in all the complexes is due to the mesomeric drift of electrons from the dithiocarbamate ligands to the metal atom. Single crystal X‐ray structure of [Ni(nmedtc)(1,3‐dppp)]ClO₄·H₂O is reported. In the present 1,3‐dppp chelate, the P–Ni–P angle is higher than that found in 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane‐nickel chelates and lower than 1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane‐nickel chelates, as a result of presence of the flexible propyl back bone connecting the two phosphorus atoms of the complex.     

MoPO／SiO2催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛

 研究了MoPO／SiO2催化剂对丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛的催化性能．MoO／SiO2催化剂主要表现出对丙烷氧化脱氢的催化性能，在该催化剂中添加磷后，丙烷转化率和选择氧化产物丙烯醛的选择性明显提高．催化剂的X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、程序升温还原、吡啶吸附红外光谱和程序升温脱附等表征结果表明，MoO／SiO2催化剂主要含有MoO3晶相，添加磷后，形成了表面多钼酸物种，磷以PO4四面体结构存在于表面，可能形成部分Mo—O—P键，从而抑制了MoO3在MoPO／SiO2上的形成，起到分隔活性中心的作用．在MoO／SiO2催化剂中添加磷后，催化剂的B酸和L酸酸性均增强，有利于丙烷在MoPO／SiO2催化剂表面活性的提高．由此可见，催化剂表面结构和酸性的变化可能是导致MoPO／SiO2催化性能提高的原因．     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(urethane-sulfone)s

Eight poly(urethane-sulfone)s were synthesized from two sulfone-containing diols, 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane (Diol-333) and 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)butane (Diol-343), and three diisocyanates, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and tolylene diisocyanate (TDI, 2,4- 80%; 2,6-20%). As a comparison, eight polyurethanes were also synthesized from two alkanediols, 1,9-nonanediol and 1,10-decanediol, and three diisocyanates. Diol-333 and Diol-343 were prepared by the addition of 1,3-propanedithiol or 1,4-butanedithiol to allyl alcohol and subsequent oxidation of the resulting sulfide-containing diols. The homopoly(urethanesulfone)s from HMDI and MDI are semicrystalline, and are soluble in m-cresol and hot DMF, DMAC, and DMSO. The copoly(urethane-sulfone)s from a 1/1 molar ratio mixture of Diol-333 and Diol-343 with HMDI or MDI have lower crystallinity and better solubility than the corresponding homopoly(urethane-sulfone)s. The poly(urethane-sulfone)s from TDI are amorphous, and are readily soluble in m-cresol, DMF, DMAC, and DMSO at room temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry data showed that poly(urethane-sulfone)s have higher glass transition temperatures and melting points than the corresponding polyurethanes without sulfone groups. The rise in glass transition temperature is 20–25°C while the rise in melting temperature is 46–71°C. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Characterization of electron-beam-modified surface coated clay fillers and their influence on physical properties of rubbers

A novel process of surface modification of clay filler has been developed by coating this with an acrylate monomer, trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) or a silane coupling agent, triethoxy vinyl silane (TEVS) followed by electron beam irradiation. Characterization of these surface modified fillers has been carried out by Fourier-transform infrared analysis (FTIR), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), wettability by dynamic wicking method measuring the rise of a liquid through a filler-packed capillary tube and water flotation test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Presence of the acrylate and the silane coupling agent on the modified fillers has been confirmed from FTIR, ESCA, and EDX studies, which has also been supported by TGA studies. The contact angle measurement by dynamic wicking method suggests improvement in hydrophobicity of the treated fillers, which is supported by water flotation test especially in the case of silanized clay. However, XRD studies demonstrate that the entire modification process does not affect the bulk properties of the fillers. Finally, both unmodified and modified clay fillers have been incorporated in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and nitrile rubber (NBR). Rheometric and mechanical properties reveal that there is a definite improvement using these modified fillers specially in the case of silanized clay compared to the control sample, probably due to successful enhancement in interaction between the treated clay and the base polymer.     

Syntheses,Structures and Spectroscopic Studies of Silver(I) Coordination Polymers Bridged by Flexible Bidentate Ligands

The reaction of Ag₂SO₄ and bpp (bpp = 1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl)propane) in H₂O afforded the complex [Ag₂(bpp)₂(SO₄) · 6.5H₂O·CH₃OH]_n, 1. The IR and TGA have been recorded and the structure has been determined. Crystal data for 1: Space group C₂/c, a = 17.885(4), b = 25.230(6), c = 8.832(2) Å, β = 105.437(4)°. V = 3841(1) ų, Z = 8 with final residuals R1 = 0.0710 and wR2 = 0.1620. The complex shows a three‐dimensional supramoleclar structure constructed with two‐dimensional infinite [Ag₂(bpp)₂]_n sheetlike layers pillared by Ag‐Ag interactions and Ag····O (SO₄) interactions in the solid state.     

TiO2-ZrO2复合氧化物负载的氧化钒催化剂用于丙烷氧化脱氢反应

 丙烷氧化脱氢反应制备丙稀酸，丙烯醛，由于其巨大的工业价值而成为催化领域研究的热点。该反应也可分为两步实现。即先由丙烷到丙烯，再由丙烯到丙稀酸，丙烯醛。后一步已成功的实现工业化，在低温下( £350℃)，使用钒基催化剂，丙稀酸，丙烯醛的产率可高达80%以上。但是，对于前一步，使用迄今为止最有效的V-Mg-O催化剂，在550℃的高温下，丙烯的产率仅为20%。而在如此高的温度下，在紧接着的第二步反应中，大部分的丙烯会直接转化为深度氧化产物（CO2, H2O）。所以，制备一种能在低温下有效实现丙烷氧化脱氢反应制丙烯的催化剂是由丙烷制备高产率的丙稀酸，丙烯醛的另一种途径。\r\n 催化剂V2O5/TiO2最显著的特点是它具有较高的低温催化活性。但是，作为载体材料，TiO2有一些缺点，如比表面较小，热稳定性较差，机械性能较低，抗磨损性较差等。相比之下，载体ZrO2就具有许多TiO2所不具备的优点。第一，ZrO2具有很大的比表面积（＞300m2/g），并且在高温下它也能保持较高的比表面积。第二，ZrO2的热稳定性，机械性能和抗磨损性都较好。第三，金属氧化物在ZrO2表面能够得到很好的分散。第四，ZrO2非常稳定，在烷烃氧化脱氢反应的条件下是惰性的，不参加反应。所以，如果向TiO2中掺杂ZrO2进行改性，能极大的提高其载体的表面积，热稳定性，机械性能和抗磨损性。那么复合载体TiO2-ZrO2很可能成为在低温下丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯的极有潜力的催化剂载体材料。在本文中，我们采用溶胶-凝胶法，用廉价的无机盐作为初始材料制备了一系列不同TiO2/ZrO2质量比的TiO2-ZrO2复合氧化物作为催化剂载体并研究了这些催化剂用于丙烷氧化脱氢反应的催化活性。     

VPO催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸的结构敏感性研究

ＶＰＯ催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸的结构敏感性研究赵如松，徐铸德（浙江大学化学系，杭州３１００２７）关键词ＶＰＯ催化剂，丙烷，氧化，丙烯酸，结构敏感性丙烷直接选择氧化制取丙烯酸（ＡＡ）是个包含脱除４个氢原子和插入两个氧原子的复杂反应过程，要求催化剂具...