全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2910篇 |
免费 | 219篇 |
国内免费 | 698篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2585篇 |
晶体学 | 87篇 |
力学 | 88篇 |
综合类 | 32篇 |
数学 | 275篇 |
物理学 | 760篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 37篇 |
2022年 | 43篇 |
2021年 | 102篇 |
2020年 | 95篇 |
2019年 | 69篇 |
2018年 | 70篇 |
2017年 | 92篇 |
2016年 | 116篇 |
2015年 | 116篇 |
2014年 | 140篇 |
2013年 | 262篇 |
2012年 | 176篇 |
2011年 | 166篇 |
2010年 | 143篇 |
2009年 | 187篇 |
2008年 | 171篇 |
2007年 | 205篇 |
2006年 | 232篇 |
2005年 | 202篇 |
2004年 | 169篇 |
2003年 | 148篇 |
2002年 | 108篇 |
2001年 | 95篇 |
2000年 | 125篇 |
1999年 | 85篇 |
1998年 | 65篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 49篇 |
1995年 | 55篇 |
1994年 | 60篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3827条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
21.
Ajay K. Saini Clifford M. Carlin Howard H. Patterson 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(3):419-427
New model compounds for poly[N,N′-bis(phenoxyphenyl)pyromellitimide] have been synthesized in order to investigate the formation of imine bonds which are proposed to form during the curing process and lead to crosslinking in the bulk polymer. Raman studies show that terminal amines can react with imide carbonyls during curing to form C?N bonds. The Raman band due to C?N appears at 1656 cm?1 and the band due to C?O closest to the imine bond is observed at 1742 cm?1. These results are in agreement with previously published results on vapor deposited polyimide films. 相似文献
22.
FexNi100−x nanometric films were deposited on SiO2/Si substrates at room temperature using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The targets were Fe-Ni amorphous magnetic foils with composition Fe50Ni50, Fe35Ni65 and Fe22Ni78. Morphological and structural properties of the deposited films were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectivity. Electrical and magnetic characteristics of the films were investigated by using the four-point probe and the magneto-optic Kerr effect techniques, respectively. The film properties are strictly dependent on the Fe-Ni compositional ratio. 相似文献
23.
G. K. Dalapati S. Chatterjee S. K. Samanta C. K. Maiti 《Applied Surface Science》2003,210(3-4):249-254
Thin films of titanium dioxide have been deposited on strained Si0.82Ge0.18 epitaxial layers using titanium tetrakis-isopropoxide [TTIP, Ti(O-i-C3H7)4] and oxygen by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Dielectric constant, equivalent oxide thickness (EOT), interface state density (Dit), fixed oxide charge density (Qf/q) and flat-band voltage (VFB) of as-deposited films were found to be 13.2, 40.6 Å, 6×1011 eV−1 cm−2, 3.1×1011 cm−2 and −1.4 V, respectively. The capacitance–voltage (C–V), current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and charge trapping behavior of the films under constant current stressing exhibit an excellent interface quality and high dielectric reliability making the films suitable for microelectronic applications. 相似文献
24.
Ismail Boz Gulin Selda Pozan Mehmet Ali Gürkaynak 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2004,83(1):137-146
Bimetallic Cu/Mg, Ca, Ba mixed oxide compounds acted as catalyst in the dehydrogenation of tetradecanol into tetradecanal,
and were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, surface area, X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction
and desorption of CO2. Alkaline earth oxides increased the total basic site concentration in the order of Mg>Ca>Ba. A correlation was found between
the total basic site concentration and initial dehydrogenation rate.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
25.
J.D. Desai 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(6):2251-2258
Iron oxide thin films have been obtained by spray pyrolysis using 100% methanolic and ethanolic solutions of iron tri-chloride. The films were deposited onto ITO-coated glass substrates. The preparative conditions have been optimized to obtain compact, pin-hole-free and smooth thin films which are adherent to the substrate. The structural, morphological and compositional characterizations have been carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The films deposited using ethanolic solution results into pure hematite; α-Fe2O3 thin films, however, films deposited using methanolic solution consists of hematite and maghemite-c phases of iron oxide. The films are nanocrystalline with particle size of 30-40 nm. The optical absorbance of the film was of the order of 105 cm−1. The optical band gap of films was found to be 2.26 and 2.20 eV for the films deposited using methanolic and ethanolic solutions, respectively. 相似文献
26.
如果一个图G存在一个k-列表安排使得G具有一个唯一列表染色,则称 G是唯一列表可染色图,简称UkLC图.我们称图G具有M(k)性质当且仅当G不 是UkLC图.本文在借鉴θr,s,t-图概念的基础上引入θr,s,t-图的定义,并证明:除了 r=s=t=2以外,θr,s,t-图都是U2LC图.利用如上结果我们给出M.Mahdian and E.S.Mahmoodian对U2LC图所作特征化的一个简单证明. 相似文献
27.
Xiu‐Li Wang Ke‐Ke Yang Yu‐Zhong Wang Zhi‐Xuan Zhou Yong‐Dong Jin 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(14):3417-3422
A new biodegradable starch graft copolymer, starch‐g‐poly(1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one), was synthesized through the ring‐opening graft polymerization of 1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one onto a starch backbone. The grafting reactions were conducted with various 1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one/starch feed ratios to obtain starch‐g‐poly(1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one) copolymers with various poly(1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one) graft structures. The microstructure of starch‐g‐poly(1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one) was characterized in detail with one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The effect of the feed composition on the resulting microstructure of starch‐g‐poly(1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one) was investigated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3417–3422, 2004 相似文献
28.
The size, shape and surface topology have a strong influence on powders properties, such as: mechanical, optical, catalytic, etc. In addition, when particles have a nanometer size, the dispersion of these features plays an important role.There are a number of techniques, which could be used in order to characterize powders in terms of particle size and shape. However, due to the scale of analysis, well beyond the wavelength of visible light, most of them cannot be applied for investigations of nanopowders.In this paper, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image analysis and X-ray methods are presented as promising and complementary techniques. An example of their application to ZrO2 nanopowder is shown. The advantages and limitations of each method are described. 相似文献
29.
We present anO(p · n) algorithm for the problem of finding disjoint simple paths of minimum total length betweenp given pairs of terminals on oriented partial 2-trees withn nodes and positive or negative arc lengths. The algorithm is inO(n) if all terminals are distinct nodes. We characterize the convex hull of the feasible solution set for the casep=2.We gratefully acknowledge the referee's many helpful suggestions to improve the presentation of this paper. 相似文献
30.
T. S. Martins J. R. Matos G. Vicentini P. C. Isolani 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2005,82(1):77-82
Summary Rare earth picrate (RE) complexes with L-lysine (Lys) were synthesized and characterized. Elemental analysis (CHN), EDTA titrations and thermogravimetry data suggest
a general formula RE(pic)3·2Lys·2H2O, where RE=La-Lu (without Pm) and Y, pic=picrate). IR spectra suggest that Lys is coordinated to the central ion through the nitrogen of the α-amino group. Parameters
obtained from the absorption spectrum of the Nd compound indicated that the metal-ligand bonds are essentially electrostatic.
Emission spectrum and biexponential behavior of the luminescence decay of the Eu compound suggest the existence of polymeric
species. Thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of all
complexes are very similar, with five events. The final products are the corresponding rare earth oxides and their X-ray diffraction
patterns are identical to the calcinated oxides.</o:p> 相似文献