Crystallographic report: A new polymorph for bis[bis(N,N‐dibenzyldithiocarbamato)cadmium(II)]

The title compound is a centrosymmetric dimer with each cadmium in a distorted CdS₅ square pyramidal geometry. The Cd–S bond distances range from 2.5626(11) to 2.8459(11) Å. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Crystallographic report: catena‐Aqua(2,2′‐bipyrimidine)lithium(I) perchlorate

A lithium(I) coordination polymer has been formed from LiClO₄ and the 2,2′‐bipyrimidine (bpym) ligand in which each square pyramidal lithium(I) atom is coordinated in the basal plane by four nitrogen donor atoms derived from two bpym ligands and one water molecule at the apical position. These are connected into a layer structure via hydrogen‐bonding interactions involving the perchlorate anions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Group Representation of Relativistic Quantum Crystal Optics

A group representation of radiation propagation in an anisotropic medium is developed. The system of wave equations for electromagnetic potentials, obtained from the Maxwell equations with account for the constitutive equations, has been factorized. It is shown that the linear differential operator of the factorized system is orthogonal in transparent crystals and unitary in gyrotropic ones and is represented through the momentum operator. On the basis of the commutation relations for the components of this operator, the eigenvalue problem has been solved and the expression for the change in the radiant energy in the crystal in the form of spherical waves has been obtained. The dependences of the ray and phase velocities and the polarization vectors of waves on the birefringence anisotropy and gyrotropy as well as on the angular momentum, displacement current, and bound charge determining them have been analyzed. It has been established that in the general case of gyrotropic crystals where the nonreciprocity phenomenon takes place and in magnetoelectrics Maxwell equations are represented in a form similar to the Dirac equations and the electromagnetic radiation is correctly described by means of bispinors and is quantized as fermions.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Organic Adduct Nonlinear Optical Material: 3,5-Dinitrobenzonic Acid·ethanolamine (3,5-DNBEA)

The title compound (C2H7NO·C7H4N2O6) has been obtained by the reaction of etha- nolamine with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid in deionized water at room temperature. The crystal crystal- lizes in orthorhombic, space group P212121 with a = 6.048(2), b = 9.146(3), c = 21.955(7)(A), C9H11N3O7, Mr = 273.21, Z = 4, V = 1214.3(7)(A)3, Dc = 1.494 g/cm3, F(000) = 568, μ(MoKα) = 0.131 mm-1, R1 = 0.0338 and wR2 = 0.0497. The new organic adduct is composed of one ethanolamine and one 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, which are linked up by O-H…O and N-H…O types of hydrogen bonds to form a nine-membered ring and an eleven-membered ring, extending into a one-dimensional network structure.     

热致型胆甾酯液晶的相变研究

使用偏光显微镜观察胆甾烯壬酸酯液晶的相变，发现在不同的温度变化条件下液晶相变过程是不同的．本文讨论了其变化规律．     

Altered expression of polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase gene and its effect on poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] synthesis in recombinant Escherichia coli

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase (PhaC) from Wautersia eutropha was expressed in a wide range of production level in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue cells and its effects on PhaC activity, poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] [P(3HB)] production and its molecular weights were investigated. The production level of PhaC was controlled both by the amount of chemical inducer (isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside, IPTG) added into the medium and the use of different copy number of plasmids. In a flask experiment, as PhaC production level in the cells increased, the PhaC activity also increased in the range of low PhaC concentration. However, PhaC activity did not further increase in the range of high PhaC concentration, probably due to the formation of inclusion body in the cells. The molecular weight of P(3HB) was found to decrease with increasing PhaC activity. This trend was also verified in high cell density cultivation using 10-l jar fermentor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the use of low copy number plasmid and appropriate induction of PhaC expression were effective in achieving both high productivity and high molecular weight of P(3HB).     

单光子态的产生与测量

报道了通过自发参量下转换产生单光子态的实验研究,使用中心波长425 nm的飞秒脉冲泵浦Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配的BBO晶体,在实验上得到单光子计数率为2.978×10-4,并分析了实验中的相关问题.     

γ-辐照对纯Y_2SiO_5和Eu~(3+)∶Y_2SiO_5晶体光谱性能的影响

研究了γ-辐照前后纯Y2SiO5和Eu3+掺杂的Y2SiO5晶体吸收光谱的变化,辐照后,未退火和氢气退火的纯Y2SiO5晶体在260~270 nm和320 nm波段产生了附加吸收峰,分别是由F心和O-心的吸收引起的;经过空气退火的纯YSO晶体中,由于消除了氧空位,因此辐照后没有出现色心吸收峰。在Eu3+∶Y2SiO5晶体中,不但有相同的F心和O-心吸收峰,而且还有Eu2+离子在300 nm和390 nm的吸收峰。随着辐照剂量的增加,色心附加吸收峰增强。空气退火能减少Eu3+∶Y2SiO5晶体中的色心,而氢气退火能增加色心。     

Eu- and Yb-induced reconstructions on a vicinal Si(1 0 0) surface

Early stages of rare-earth metal (Yb and Eu) growth on a vicinal, single-domain Si(1 0 0)2 × 1 surface have been studied in the coverage range of 0.1-0.3 monolayer (ML) by low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. We show that Yb induces the 2 × 3 periodicity in the whole range of coverage studied. The 2 × 3 reconstruction coexists with the local 3 × 2/4 × 2 structure at about 0.2 ML of Yb. In contrast, Eu forms the 3 × 2 periodicity at 0.1-0.2 ML, whereas this structure is converted into the 2 × 3 phase at about 0.3 ML. The atomic arrangement and electronic properties of these reconstructions and the adsorbate-mediated modification of surface morphology are investigated.     

The spectrum of Nd in rare earth orthoaluminates. The trigonal to orthorhombic transition study of the level

Some structural and spectroscopic features of rare earth orthoaluminates are examined.The trigonal→ orthorhombic transition is studied in a series of Nd_xSm_1−xAlO₃ compounds. The evolution of the crystal structure is followed by X-ray analysis and optical absorption. The free ion and crystal field parameters of Nd³⁺ (4f³ configuration) are determined in LuAlO₃:Nd³⁺.The anomaly of the calculated splitting of the levels is slight, but well characterized in NdAlO₃. The spin correlated crystal field and orbitally correlated crystal field models are tested as well as an empirical correction which was proposed earlier.