Limonene concentration in lemon (Citrus volkameriana) peel oil as a function of ripeness

The dependence of the limonene content of lemon (Citrus volkameriana) peel oil on the degree of ripeness of the fruit has been studied by using steam distillation and cold pressing to extract the oils from lemon fruit peel at different stages of maturation (green, greenish-yellow, and yellow-orange peel coloration). Samples of essential oils were analyzed by high resolution GC and GC-MS, using tetradecane as internal standard for quantitation. Forty components were detected; thirty eight were positively identified by comparison of their mass spectra (El, 70 eV) and Kováts retention indexes (determined using a non-logarithmic scale on capillary columns coated with both polar (DB-Wax) and non-polar (DB-1) stationary phases) with those of standards and with data reported in the literature. The limonene concentration reached a maximum level of 79.4% when the fruit was in the intermediate maturation stage characterized by greenish-yellow coloration.     

示差半微分循环伏安法研究琥珀酰胆碱在水/硝基苯界面的传递行为

研究了油/水界面电解的示差半微分循环伏安行为。在0.01mol/L LiCl(w)-0.01mol/L TBATCIPB(nb)体系“电位窗”比TBATPB(nb)向正方向扩展约50mV,残余电流基本消除,使“电位窗”内的平台向左右拓宽约50mV。算得界面电容约为16μF/cm~2。考察了琥珀酰胆碱离子在w/nb界面的传递伏安特性,结果与一般半微分循环伏安法相似。但峰形改善,检测限降低一个数量级(1×10~(-6)mol/L),相对标准偏差在5％以内,可用于定量测定琥珀酰胆碱。     

辽河冷家油田特稠油降粘剂LJVR-1及其性能评价

采用荧光法测定了辽河冷家油田冷47-556井特稠油乳化HLB值,然后以混合型表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂为主剂,快速渗透剂为辅剂按一定比例制备了水基降粘剂LJVR-1.实验结果表明,该降粘剂具有良好的乳化降粘性能,开采后易于破乳脱水,是一种较为理想的特稠油降粘剂.     

Effect of aeration on lignin peroxidase production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A

The effect of aeration on lignin peroxidase production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A was studied in a bench-scale bioreactor using a previously optimized growth medium (0.65% yeast extract and 0.1% corn oil, pH7.0) at 37°C and natural pH. Airflow rates of 0.3, 1.0, and 1.5 vvm and a fixed agitation of 200 rpm were initially studied followed by 1.0 vvm and 200, 300, 400, and 500 rpm. The use of 1.0 vvm and 400 rpm increased enzyme concentration 1.8-fold (100–180 U/L) and process productivity 4.8-fold (1.4–6.7 U/[L·h]) in comparison with the use of 200 rpm and 0.3 vvm. The inexpensive corn oil, used as carbon source, besides its antifoam properties, proved to be nonrepressive for enzyme production.     

Determination of styrene in olive oil by an automatic purge-and-trap system coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Summary A new gas chromatographic method using an automatic purge-and-trap system coupled to a GC with mass selective detection to analyze styrene at the parts-per-trillions (ng kg^–1) level is described. The method shows a good sensitivity and the detection limit is 10 ng kg^–1 with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.7% for 164 ng kg^–1 styrene in olive oil. This analytical method has been successfully applied to the analysis of styrene in extra-virgin olive oil from the European market.     

Sample preparation procedure for the determination of sulphur and trace metals in oil products by the ICP with a minitorch using emulsions

A quick sample preparation method was used for the determination of sulphur and trace metals in oil and oily products by the ICP with a minitorch. Stable aqueous emulsions of oils and oil products were made by using two kinds of emulsifiers (one with low sulphur content, the other sulfonated). Aqueous standard solutions can be used for the preparation of calibration solutions. The contents of S, Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni and Pb in aqueous emulsions were determined and the results were in good agreement with the composition of oil standard solutions used for control analysis procedure.     

氢化物-非色散原子荧光法测定饲料矿物添加剂中的砷

本文采用氢化物－非色散原子荧光光谱法研究了十几种饲料矿物添加剂中金属离子对砷测定的干扰，采用加入硫脲－抗坏血酸混合溶液、碘化钾分离、加热蒸干等方法消除干扰。同时本文还对测定砷的酸度、硼氢化钾浓度和仪器工作参数进行了研究和优化。方法相对标准偏差（RSD）为0．54％，检出限（D．L）为54．5ng/L，样品国．加标回收率为102．9％。实际样品测定结果与胂斑法相比具有很好的一致性。     

甲醇与蓖麻油混合物运动粘度的实验研究

利用改型的乌别洛特毛细管粘度计,本文对243～353K温度范围内对质量配比为98.8:1.2的甲醇与蓖麻油混合物的运动粘度进行了实验研究,运动粘度测量结果的不确定度为1.06%,利用得到的实验数据拟合了甲醇 蓖麻油二元混合物的运动粘度方程.方程与实验数据最大偏差为3.31%,平均偏差为1.11%.     

四川乌龙茶香气化学成分的剖析

四川乌龙茶在低温减压蒸馏所得香气浓缩物经气相色谱-质谱联用测定,以气相色谱保留值验证,鉴定出19个化合物,它们是:丙酮,乙酸乙酯,顺-3-己烯醇-[1],乙酸顺-3-己烯酯,苯甲醇,反-芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃型),顺-芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃型),芳樟醇,苯乙醇,反-芳樟醇氧化物(吡喃型),丁酸顺-3-己烯酯,香叶烯,己酸顺-3-己烯酯,茉莉酮,橙花叔醇,金台欢醇,茉莉酮酸甲酯,正十六烷和2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷。     

羰基铁催化黄樟油素、丁香酚异构化反应的研究——Ⅰ.异黄樟油素、异丁香酚的合成

本文报道了异黄樟油素、异丁香酚的新合成途径,即在羰基铁光催化下或多核羰基铁加热催化下,使黄樟油素、丁香酚异构化。其转化率几乎是定量的。反应产物经GC,GC/MC分析及UV,IR,NMR,折光率的鉴定,证明合成过程中发生了异构化反应,而且产物以反式异构体为主。