Photocatalytic behavior of heavy La-doped TiO2 films deposited by pulsed laser deposition using non-sintered target

We have investigated the control of photocatalytic behavior under deposited conditions of non-sintered target of different molar ratios with TiO₂ and La₂O₃ from 1:0 to 1:2 for heavily La doping, and post-annealing temperature from 600 °C to 1000 °C for crystallizing by pulsed laser deposition. We have successfully crystallized heavily La-doped TiO₂ films with post-annealing temperature over 800 °C and with molar ratio of TiO₂:La₂O₃ over 1:1 on a quartz substrate. Heavily La-doped TiO₂ films are observed the decomposition of methylene blue and a water-splitting reaction in photocatalytic behavior under Xe light irradiation. When stoichiometric La-doped TiO₂ (TiO₂:La₂O₃ = 1: 1) is synthesized with heat-treatment at 900 °C, the best results are obtained under photocatalytic behavior and pure La₂Ti₂O₇ crystalline were obtained.     

钡铁氧体微管的制备及镧掺杂对其性能的影响

以Ba(NO₃)₂和Fe(NO₃)₃为原料与不同比例的柠檬酸在水溶液中形成溶胶,把溶胶滴于脱脂棉模板上,水分挥发后在脱脂棉表面形成凝胶,于马弗炉中850 ℃煅烧2 h后制得了BaFe₁₂O₁₉微管,并在最佳柠檬酸用量时对BaFe₁₂O₁₉微管进行掺杂制得了BaLa_xFe_12-xO₁₉(x=0～0.3)微管。利用X射线衍射(XRD)﹑扫描电子显微镜(SEM)﹑透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品的物相﹑形貌和粒径进行表征,并利用振荡样品磁强计(VSM)对样品进行磁性能研究。结果表明：借助脱脂棉模板,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了外径在8～13 μm之间,壁厚在0.5～2 μm之间的BaFe₁₂O₁₉微管,柠檬酸的加入使得微管出现破裂,随着柠檬酸用量的增加,BaFe₁₂O₁₉微管的矫顽力和饱和磁化强度先提高后下降,随着La掺入量的增加BaFe₁₂O₁₉微管的矫顽力、饱和磁化强度以及剩余磁化强度都先增加后减小,但饱和磁化强度和剩余磁化强度的最大值滞后于矫顽力的最大值,当柠檬酸与金属离子的物质的量之比为1∶1,x为0.05时850 ℃煅烧后制得了矫顽力、饱和磁化强度和剩余磁化强度分别为6 153.6 Oe,61.1和36.1 emu·g^-1的BaLa_xFe_12-xO₁₉微管。并就柠檬酸和La掺杂对微管的形成和磁性能的影响原理做了系统的研究。     

The Preparation and Characterization of La Doped TiO2 Nanotubes and Their Photocatalytic Activity

La-doped TiO₂ nanotubes (La/TiO₂ NTs) were prepared by the combination of sol-gel process with hydrothermal treatment. The prepared samples were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectra, and ultraviolet-visible spectra. The photocatalytic performance of La/TiO₂ NTs was studied by testing the degradation rate of methyl orange under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The results indicated La/TiO₂ NTs calcined at 300°C consisted of anatase as the unique phase. The absorption spectra of the La/TiO₂ NTs showed a stronger absorption in the UV range and a slight red shift in the band gap transition than that of pure TiO₂ nanotubes. The photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ NTs could be improved by the doping of lanthanum ions, which is ascribed to several beneficial effects the formation of Ti-O-La bond and charge imbalance, existing of oxygen defects and Ti³⁺ species, stronger absorption in the UV range and a slight red shift in the band gap transition, as well as higher equilibrium dark adsorption of methyl orange. 0.75 wt% La/TiO₂ NTs had the best catalytic activity.     

钴镧掺杂富锂型锰酸锂制备及其性能

应用共沉淀-高温固相法制备钴镧共掺杂富锂型Li1.1Co0.02La0.01Mn2O4材料.X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)测试表明,在700~850℃的焙烧温度范围内,合成材料为单相,但随着焙烧温度升高,材料结晶度上升,粒径增大,比表面减小.该材料具有较小的极化电阻,以其作正极(800℃焙烧)组成扣式电池具有最佳电化学性能,1 C倍率50周循环充放电容量保持率达98.5%.     

镧含量对La-SrTiO3催化剂的结构和光催化活性的影响（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了不同La含量掺杂SrTiO3催化剂,通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和BET比表面积测量对其进行了表征,用甲基橙(MO)催化降解实验评价了其光催化活性。结果表明:钛酸锶经镧掺杂后仍然保持了钙钛矿结构;与纯SrTiO3相比,0.5%La-SrTiO3样品的粒子大小和形貌没有大的区别,但它的吸收带边发生明显红移;La-SrTiO3样品的紫外和可见光催化活性随La含量增加先增加,当La含量为0.5%时分别达到最大值,然后随La含量的进一步增加而减小;与纯SrTiO3相比,0.5%La-SrTiO3样品明显具有更高的紫外和可见光催化活性,这改善的光催化活性主要归因于比表面积增加、吸附性能提高、在250~650 nm区域有较强的光吸收和较低的禁带能级。     

新型超快探测器性能研究

 为提高强g 场超快辐射探测器抗信号堆积的性能，可采用BaF₂（La）与快的光电器件组合的技术途径。用同步辐射闪烁荧光衰减谱仪和X光激发发射谱仪测量了国产不同掺La浓度的BaF₂晶体抑制快慢成分之比，探讨掺La对抑制慢成分的机理，研究了BaF₂（La）抗辐照性能。并用同步辐射测量BaF₂（La）与GD40Z光电管组成超快辐射探测器的快慢成分抑制比。     

掺镧PbWO4闪烁晶体的缺陷研究

利用正电子湮没寿命谱(PAT)和X射线电子能谱(XPS)研究了掺镧所引起的PbWO₄ 晶体缺陷的变化.结果表明：掺镧后,PbWO₄晶体中的正电子捕获中心铅空位(V< sub>Pb)浓度增加,并进一步诱导低价氧浓度的增加.讨论了掺La的作用机制,认为掺 La将抑制晶体中的氧空位,增加铅空位浓度. 关键词： 掺镧钨酸铅晶体 正电子湮没寿命谱 X射线电子能谱 缺陷     

介孔掺镧纳米晶TiO2瞬态光伏与表面光声特性

结合瞬态光伏与表面光声技术, 研究介孔掺镧nano-TiO2光生载流子分离与复合过程及其能量转换机制. 结果表明: 锐钛矿中两种不同光伏特性的缺陷态具有光生载流子扩散距离短, 复合速度快的特点; 镧掺杂增加体缺陷态对于光伏效应的贡献, 但在某种程度上抑制主带隙的电荷分离; 模板剂种类对于主带隙电子-空穴对的分离与复合过程, 以及亚带隙无辐射跃迁引起的晶格振动均有显著的影响. 结果证实了样品表面光声与瞬态光伏现象之间存在明显的能量互补关系.     

新颖的电磁波吸收材料:Ba_(1-x)La_xFe_(10)Al_2O_(19)铁氧体的制备和性能

用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Ba1-xLaxFe10Al2O19铁氧体(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25).通过粉末X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪表征了样品的结构、形貌、磁性和电磁波吸收性能.结果表明,La含量显著地影响Ba1-xLaxFe10Al2O19铁氧体的磁性和电磁波吸收性能.Ba1-xLaxFe10Al2O19铁氧体的饱和磁化强度随La含量的增加而减小,而矫顽力则增大.当BaFe10Al2O19吸收剂的涂层厚度为2mm时,在8～18GHz范围内,反射损耗的峰值在13.45GHz处达到-26.3dB,有效带宽为8.9GHz.Ba1-xLaxFe10Al2O19铁氧体对电磁波的反射损耗和有效带宽低于母体BaFe10Al2O19.由于Ba1-xLaxFe10Al2O19样品良好的吸波性能,建议可以作为吸收和屏蔽电磁波的候选材料.