Construction of ceo2/rgo/gce electrochemical sensor for the determination of histamine in fishEI北大核心CSCD

By preparing nano-CeO2 (CeO2) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), an electrochemical sensor based on CeO2/RGO composite was constructed for the detection of histamine. The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical behavior of histamine on the sensor was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and the conditions such as the type proportion and addition amount of the composite scanning rate and buffer pH were optimized. The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows: The mass ratio was m(CeO2): M(RGO)=1: 0.25, the addition amount of composite material was 10 μL, the scanning rate was 300 mV/s and the pH of buffer solution was 8. A good linear relationship was observed between the peak current and the concentration of histamine in the range of 0.25–100 mg/L with the detection limit of 0.16 mg/L. The CeO2/RGO/GCE electrochemical sensor has been applied to the determination of histamine in fish samples with the spiked recoveries of 98.4% −104%. The method can be used to determine histamine content in fish products. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Ultrasonication followed by single-drop microextraction combined with GC/MS for rapid determination of organochlorine pesticides from fish

A novel, rapid and simple sample pretreatment technique termed ultrasonication followed by single-drop micro-extraction (U-SDME) has been developed and combined with GC/MS for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fish. In the present work, the lengthy procedures generally used in the conventional methods like, Soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction and microwave assisted solvent extraction for extraction of OCPs from fish tissues are minimized by the use of two simple extraction procedures. Firstly, OCPs from fish were extracted in organic solvent with ultrasonication and then subsequently preconcentrated by single-drop micro-extraction (SDME). Extraction parameters of ultrasonication and SDME were optimized in spiked sample solution in order to obtain efficient extraction of OCPs from fish tissues. The calibration curves for OCPs were found to be linear between 10-1000 ng/g with correlation of estimations in the range 0.990-0.994. The recoveries obtained in blank fish tissues were ranged from 82.1 to 95.3%. The LOD and RSD for determination of OCPs in fish were 0.5 ng/g and 9.4-10.0%, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of bioconcentration factor in fish after exposure to different concentrations of OCPs in cultured water. The present method avoids the co-extraction of lipids, long extraction steps (>12 h) and large amount of organic solvent for the separation of OCPs. The main advantages of the present method are rapid, selective, sensitive and low cost for the determination of OCPs in fish.     

Activities and identification of aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists in sediments from the Danube river

This study is a consequence of a distinct fish decline in the Danube river since the beginning of the 1990s. In contrast to the decline of fish population, former studies have repeatedly documented that the water quality along the Danube river is improving. However, the conclusion of a pilot study in 2002 was that a high hazard potential is associated with local sediments. The present study documents that sediment samples from the Danube river showed comparatively high aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediated activity in biotests, using the cell lines GPC.2D.Luc, H4IIE (DR-CALUX) and RTL-W1. The combination of chemical analysis, fractionation techniques and different in vitro tests revealed that priority pollutants could not explain the main induction, even though the concentrations of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were very high (maximum in the tributary Schwarzach, sum of 16 EPA PAHs 26 mug/g). In conclusion, this investigation shows that nonpriority pollutants mainly mediate the high induction rates. Nevertheless, owing to the effects of PAHs towards fish and the connection between dioxin-like activity and carcinogenicity, the link between contamination and the fish population decline cannot be ruled out.     

鱼肉环丙沙星标准样品的研制

介绍了以鲤鱼鱼肉作为基质含有环丙沙星的标准样品的研制过程。通过添加环丙沙星养殖鲤鱼获得样品,用液相色谱-串联质谱法对样品进行均匀性和稳定性检测,采取8个实验室协作定值的方法对样品进行定值检测,进行了标准值的计算和不确定度评估;研究表明获得的样品均匀性良好,稳定性至少17个月,可以用于检测质量控制和科研工作。     

全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱法定性筛查鱼肉组织中含卤有机污染物

采用全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱(GC×GC-TOFMS),建立了鱼肉样品中含卤有机污染物的定性和定量分析方法.鱼肉样品用正己烷丙酮(1∶1,V/V)提取,凝胶色谱和复合硅胶柱净化,浓缩富集,全二维气相色谱联用飞行时间质谱(DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱联HT-8色谱柱)检测.软件自动识别后,经三步筛查,共鉴定出含氯或溴化合物72种,其中包括33种多氯联苯,9种有机氯农药,4种多溴联苯醚,4种DDT代谢产物,2种氯代茴香醚,2种氯苯乙烯,1种氯代茴香硫醚及1种甲基三氯生.另外,从质谱信息上看,有16种化合物明显含氯或含溴,但是因为缺少必要的谱库信息不能准确识别.采用外标定量法,对鱼肉样品中检出的主要的10种多氯联苯和1种多溴联苯醚进行了准确定量分析.     

Fish Oil Recovery from Viscera of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) by Supercritical Fluid: An Optimization Approach

Fish viscera, a waste of fish processing industry, can be exploited as a source of PUFA‐rich fish oil for use in food or pharmaceutical industry and at the same time the environment can be protected from pollution by fish wastes. Fish oil was recovered from viscera of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), by different supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) e.g. continuous, co‐solvent, soaking, and pressure swing techniques and the yields were compared with that of the solvent extraction method. The SFE parameters such as pressure, temperature, and CO₂ flow rate were optimised by employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a view to maximize the oil yield and minimize CO₂ consumption. The central composite rotatable design (CCRD) consisting of three variables provided 20 experimental settings. Multiple regressions determined the coefficients of the second‐order polynomial equation. The optimum parameters for all 4 techniques applied were found to be 35 MPa, 60 °C, and 2 mL min^?1 with an Oil recovery ranging from 93 to 99%. The study demonstrated a lower CO₂ consumption by the soaking and pressure swing techniques at the optimized conditions. Thus, the soaking and pressure swing techniques were most effective for extracting oil from fish viscera.     

Dynamics of populations in fish farm: Analysis of stability and direction of Hopf-bifurcating periodic oscillation

The paper deals with the dynamical behavior of fish and mussel population in a fish farm where external food is supplied. The ecosystem of the fish farm is represented by a set of nonlinear differential equations involving nutrient (food), fish and mussel. We have listed some results already obtained. We have analyzed for the direction of Hopf-bifurcation, stability of the Hopf-bifurcating periodic orbits, and the period of the periodic orbits by using Poincare’ normal form and center manifold theory. We have performed numerical simulation to support the analytical results.     

A dual-wavelength resonance light scattering ratiometry of biopolymer by its electrostatic interaction with surfactant

A dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering (DW-RLS) ratiometry is developed to detect anion biopolymer based on their bindings with cation surfactant. Using the interaction of Hyamine 1622 (HM) with fish sperm DNA (fsDNA) as an example, a dual-wavelength resonance light scattering (DW-RLS) ratiometric method of DNA was constructed. In Britton-Robinson buffer controlled medium, fish sperm DNA (fsDNA) could interact with Hyamine 1622 (HM), displaying significantly enhanced RLS signals. By measuring the RLS signals characterized at 300.0 nm (I_300.0) and the RLS intensity ratio (I_276.0/I_294.0), respectively, fsDNA over a wide dynamic range of content could be detected. Typically, when HM concentration is kept at 6.0 × 10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹, using I_300.0 could detect fsDNA over the range of 50-2000 ng ml⁻¹ with the limit of 3.0 ng ml⁻¹, while using I_276.0/I_294.0 could detect fsDNA over the range of 0.5-2500 ng ml⁻¹ with the limit of 0.05 ng ml⁻¹. Thus the latter so-called DW-RLS ratiometry is obviously superior to the former one. Based on the measurements of I_300.0 and I_276.0/I_294.0 data, a Scatchard plot concerning the interaction between HM and fsDNA could be constructed and thus the binding number (n) and binding constant (K) could be available with the values of 13.5 and 1.35 × 10⁵ mol⁻¹ l, and 11.9 and 1.65 × 10⁵ mol⁻¹ l, respectively.     

鱼明胶作为卤化银纳米粒子载体的研究

采用的鱼明胶样品是从深海鱼的鱼皮提取而得,在成份和物理性质方面鱼明胶与通常使用的动物明胶有显著的差别。研究表明,鱼明胶的蛋白成分中α组分占绝对优势,且其中分子量较小的α2组分又比分子量较大的α1组分含量高得多,在鱼明胶中几乎没有分子量最大的γ组分。其氨基酸残基中,脯氨酸和羟脯氨酸的含量比动物胶低,而收氨酸含量却明显高于后者。鱼明胶还具有较低的胶凝温度,这些特点可能使之适宜作为分散介质来制备AgBrI纳米粒子乳剂,此外,鱼明胶中含有较多含硫物质,而且杂质铁主要以三价形式存在,并且进一步利用鱼明胶作为保护载体,在广泛的胶银比（即明胶量与银量之比值）范围（从8：1到4：1）获得了平均粒径为14nm的AgBrI纳米粒子乳剂。该乳剂具有良好的单分散性和热稳定性。对纳米粒子乳剂进行硫一金协同敏化可以提高其感光度。若适当增加敏化剂用量和适当延长敏化时间这种协同敏化作用的效果更好。     

同时测定鱼肉中氯霉素和甲砜霉素残留量的毛细管气相色谱法

研究了鱼肉中氯霉素和甲砜霉素残留量的气相色谱测定方法。鱼肉中的待测物用乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩至干,溶于水,用正己烷脱脂,水层过 C18小柱,用甲醇洗脱后,用 N, O - 双（三甲基硅烷基）三氟乙酰胺（ BSTFA）＋ 1％ (φ )三甲基氯硅烷（ TMCS）衍生,加入甲苯并用水灭活衍生过程。用外标法定量。当添加水平（ w）为 5× 10－ 9～ 20× 10－ 9时,回收率为 80％～ 108％。相对标准偏差为 4.5％～ 11％;线性相关系数 r>0.997。