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151.
Dye-sensitized phototransformation of chlorophenols and their subsequent chemiluminescence reactions
A novel chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of chlorophenols (CPs), including 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 4-CP, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) was reported, which was based on the oxidation of the phototransformed CPs by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). It was found that the dye-sensitized phototransformation is a prerequisite for the subsequent CL reaction, and the presence of 1.9×10-2 mol L−1 Triton X-100 or 3.7×10-3 mol L−1 CTAB can greatly enhance the CL intensity. A neutral sample solution with the presence of 2×10-5 mol L−1 fluorescein (FL) was found to be optimum for the phototransformation of 2-CP, 4-CP, 2,4-DCP and PCP, but a lower pH of 5.3 was more suitable for 2,4,6-TCP. Based on the CL reaction, detection limits of 8.6×10−8, 1.1×10−7, 1.5×10-7, 4.6×10-8 and 3.0×10−5 mol L−1 were achieved, respectively, for 2-CP, 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,6-TCP and PCP with the optimized conditions in the flow system. The mechanism of the phototransformation and the subsequent CL reaction were preliminarily studied and it was suggested that the singlet oxygen formed in the dye-sensitization process was responsible for the conversion of CPs into light-emitting precursors. These intermediate products were suggested to be peroxide compounds after testing by a luminal-based post-column CL detection experiment. 相似文献
152.
Chaimae Bariki Fabien Halter Fabien Thiesset Christian Chauveau Iskender Gökalp Ketana Teav Sina Kheirkhah Adam M. Steinberg 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2019,37(2):1911-1918
Simultaneous measurements of temperature, CH* and OH* chemiluminescent species are carried out to explore the impact of stretch rate and curvature on the structure of premixed flames. The configuration of an initially flat premixed flame interacting with a toroidal vortex is selected for the present study and reasons for this choice are discussed. Lewis number effects are assessed by comparing methane and propane flames. It is emphasized that the flame structure experiences very strong variations. In particular, the flame is shrunk (broadened) in the initial (final) period of the interaction with the vortex where strain rate (curvature) contribution of the stretch rate is predominant. By further analysing independently the thickness of the preheat and reaction zones, it is shown that for propane flames, not only the former but also the latter is significantly altered in zones where the flame curvature is negative. Changes in the reaction zone properties are further emphasized using CH* and OH* radicals. It is demonstrated that higher thermal diffusivity plays a significant role around curved regions, in which the enhanced diffusion of heat leads to a strong increase of CH* compared to OH* intensity. As an overall conclusion, this study suggests that it would be interesting to reassess the internal flame structure at lower and moderate Karlovitz numbers since changes might appear for a moderate vortex intensity with typical size much larger than the flame thickness. 相似文献
153.
Nobuko Watanabe Ayu Wakatsuki Hisako K. Ijuin Yoshio Kabe Masakatsu Matsumoto 《Tetrahedron letters》2018,59(11):971-977
Organic superbases represented by TBD (1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) effectively induced the decomposition of hydroxyaryl-substituted dioxetanes in acetonitrile to give bright light. The color of the chemiluminescence from a dioxetane bearing a 4-(benzoxazol-2-yl)-3,5-dihydroxyphenyl moiety varied depending on the base used. In addition to this change in the color of emission, TBD increased the chemiluminescence efficiency 2- to 5-fold compared to the results with other base systems and accelerated decomposition of the dioxetane. These unique effects of TBD may be due to its “bifunctional” character, which is different from those of other organic superbases. Chemiluminescent decomposition of the dioxetane was effectively induced by superbases even in apolar p-xylene. 相似文献
154.
Calcein was found to be able to use as chemiluminescence reagent and post-chemiluminescence was observed when fenfluramine was injected into the mixture after the CL reaction of calcein–potassium permanganate. Based on this phenomenon, a flow injection CL method was established for the determination of fenfluramine. The possible CL mechanism was proposed. The CL intensity was correlated linearly with the concentration of fenfluramine over the range of 1.0 × 10−7 to 6.0 × 10−6 g mL−1 and the detection limit was 6 × 10−8 g mL−1. The relative standard deviation was 2.2% for 5.0 × 10−7 g mL−1 fenfluramine (n = 11). This method was applied to the determination of fenfluramine in weight-reducing tonic successfully. 相似文献
155.
A system of off-column coaxial flow chemiluminescence (CL) detection coupled to pressurized CEC (pCEC) was described. The interface utilized a reactor that introduced postcolumn CL reagent into the capillary effluents in a sheathing flow profile. To compare and evaluate band broadening of analytes caused by the detector, the typical CL compounds luminol and N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol (ABEI) were separated and detected by pCEC or capillary HPLC (cHPLC) coupled to CL and UV detector, respectively. The results demonstrated that the band broadening caused by off-column detection interface was minimized due to the fast kinetic nature of the CL reaction. With the proposed pCEC-CL system, the detection limits of luminol and ABEI were 1.0x10(-8) and 8.0x10(-8) mol/L, respectively, which were approximately 100-fold more sensitive than those obtained with UV absorption. In addition, separation and detection of the ABEI-labeled L-lysine (L-Lys) and L-arginine (L-Arg) were accomplished by pCEC-CL method based on the principle of ABEI-potassium ferricyanide-alkaline medium CL reaction system. Under the optimum conditions, good results could be achieved compared with pCEC-UV. 相似文献
156.
Despite its low equipment cost and simple design, as one of the sensitive detectors for CE, the chemiluminescence (CL) detector was less developed compared to the detectors of MS and LIF. The main reasons were the limitation of CL reagents, the repeatability problems and the relatively low sensitivity compared to LIF. In this paper, a highly sensitive CE-CL detection system was developed for detection of some enkephalin-related peptides labeled with acridinium ester. A new detection interface was designed for CE with CL detection of acridinium ester and its labeled analytes. The interface included two sections: one was used to acidify the capillary outflow so that the corresponding acridinium pseudo-base form can be changed into acridinium ester form by adding excess acid to the system; the other was designed to provide a suitable solution to produce the CL from acridinium ester. The effect factors, such as pH, the concentration of reaction reagents and the flow rates of the reagents, were investigated. The results showed that acridinium ester had similar CL properties in this interface when pH values of CE BGE were changed from 2.0 to 10.8. The interface was used to detect acridinium ester and three acridinium ester-labeled enkephalin-related peptides, the corresponding LODs were found to be in the attomole range. This CL detection system proved to be of high sensitivity, good repeatability, and relatively low cost. 相似文献
157.
In chemiluminometry, we measure the very faint light as a consequence of chemical reactions. During oxidation of cellulose, several reaction pathways lead to light production and in the present work we investigated chemiluminescence as a consequence of peroxide formation.With 13C-1 labelled glucose we studied oxidation of the end groups by following the emission of 13CO2 using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A mechanism of peroxyacyl radical formation is suggested. Its proposed decomposition is a first-order reaction, which is reflected in chemiluminometric experiments. From these, we calculated the activation energy of the process, which depends on the temperature and is approximately 75 kJ mol−1 at T > 100 °C and ∼55 kJ mol−1 at T < 100 °C.Evidence is also presented on self-absorption of chemiluminescence in cellulose, suggesting that the phenomenon may account for up to 50% intensity loss. 相似文献
158.
159.
160.
癌胚抗原毛细管电泳-化学发光均相免疫分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了一种测定人血清中癌胚抗原的毛细管电泳-化学发光检测的均相免疫分析新方法.采用四苯硼钠增强luminol-H2 O2-HRP体系化学发光的原理,化学发光检测经毛细管电泳分离的,用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的癌胚抗体及免疫复合物.测定癌胚抗原的线性范围2.0~80.0 μg/L(R=0.9921),检出限为0.1 μg/L(绝对检出限为0.75 fg). 相似文献