Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li合金时效过程微结构演化的小角x射线散射研究

应用小角x射线散射技术分析了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li合金在130，150和160℃温度时效24 h析出粒子的微结构参数的变化情况. 粒子的半径随着时效温度的增高而增加，它的比内表面积和体积百分数随着时效温度的增高而减小. 对Porod曲线q³J(q)-q²的分析表明,析出粒子与基体之间有明显的界面. 关键词： 小角x射线散射 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li合金 时效 析出粒子     

A basis for the synthesis of quasicrystals

It has been established that quasicrystals with icosahedral point group symmetry occur in a rapidly solidified Mg₃₂ (Al, Zn)₄₉ alloy chosen on the basis of its equilibrium crystal structure. This alloy has a natural tendency to form icosahedral atomic clusters stabilised by size difference amongst constituent atoms. Results highlight the relationship between equilibrium crystal structure and the tendency to form quasicrystals.     

Fe40Ni40P12B8非晶合金的冲击晶化实验研究

 本文研究了Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P₁₂B₈非晶合金冲击波加载下的晶化行为，冲击波由二级轻气炮发射的告诉弹丸撞击靶产生。实验结果表明：Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P₁₂B₈非晶合金在冲击波加载下，晶化可在加载时间（微秒量级）内发生；晶化的阈值压力在30~50 GPa之间，相应的冲击温度约为510~800 K，晶化析出相与冲击压力有关，低压下析出相是面心立方γ-(Fe, Ni)固溶体和Fe₃(P_0.37B_0.63)化合物，高压下（大于60 GPa）析出相除了面心立方γ-(Fe, Ni)固溶体和Fe₃(P_0.37B_0.63)化合物之外，还包括(Fe, Ni)₃P化合物。     

ICP-发射光谱测定镁钇合金中稀土和非稀土元素

本文研究了ICP-AES测定镁钇合金中17种稀土和非稀土元素的方法。选择了合适的分析线及ICP操作参数。探讨了酸度,载气和基体的变化对被测元素谱线强度的影响,不用化学分离,可同时测定镁钇合金中Y,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Gd,Tm, Dy,Lu,Ho,Er,Yb和Mo,Ni,Cu,Al,Fe。测定范围分别为(％):Y_(1-40);La,Er0.048—3.2;Tm,Yb,Lu,Dy0.019—1.28;Ho0.0384—2.56;Ce0.0288—1.92;Fe,Ni,Mo,Al,Pr,Nd,Gd0.024-1.6;Cu0.012—0.8。相对标准偏差为1.1—5.3％。回收率为90～115％。方法简单、快速、再现性好、准确度高。     

Effect of Al on the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Pb free Sn-8.5 Zn-0.5 Ag-XAl-0.5 Ga solder in 3.5% NaCl solution

The effect of Al on the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Pb-free Sn-8.5 Zn-0.5 Ag-XAl-0.5 Ga solder in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by using potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The X content in the solder varied from 0.1 to 3 wt.%. Polarization studies revealed that an increase in Al content upto 1.5 wt.% decreased the corrosion current density (I_corr), corrosion rate of the solder and shifted the corrosion potential (E_corr) towards more noble values. However, higher content of Al, i.e. 3 (wt.%) in the five-element solder enhanced the corrosion rate and resulted in a significant increase in the E_corr towards more negative values. Passivation behaviour was noticed in all the solders having varying Al content, but the passive film formed at 1.5 wt.% Al was most stable due to its low passivation current density (i_p) and low critical current density (i_cc) value in comparison to the other solders. XPS and Auger depth profile results revealed that the passive film consisted of oxides/hydroxides of Al and Zn formed on the surface of the solder with Sn being formed in the subsequent layer. Considerable aluminium segregation occurred towards the surface principally as Al₂O₃/Al(OH)₃ with increase in Al content to 1.5 wt.% in the five element solder. The formation of Al₂O₃ seemed to prevent the oxidation of zinc on the surface of the solder.     

纳米NiAl的电子自旋共振研究

对纳米NiAl样品进行电子自旋共振(ESR)研究时发现晶粒尺寸效应产生的非磁-磁性转变.大块多晶NiAl合金的没有ESR信号,只有很弱的Pauli顺磁性.而粒径为8.6nm的纳米NiAl样品的ESR信号,随温度的增高而显著下降,其居里温度T_C为124K,在室温下ESR信号很弱.8.6nm的纳米NiAl样品经550℃和707℃退火处理后得到粒径分别为12nm和21nm的两个样品,它们在室温下都有较强的ESR信号,并能够被永磁体吸起。多晶NiAl合金与纳米NiAl之间存在非磁-磁性转变,     

Neutron-absorption deformable boron-rich ferrous alloys

The structure of the eutectic-type iron-boron alloys (up to 3.5 wt% B) crystallized at various velocities has been studied. It was established that due to temperature increase a coarse structure of the eutectic Fe+Fe₂B transforms into a fine dendritic structure. High-temperature annealing leads to the destruction of columnar construction of the eutectic phase and boride dendrites subsequently transform into the inclusions of spherical shape. These processes are more active at high velocities leading to decrease of strength properties and increase of elasticity of the alloys. Such treatment makes possible hot repartition of the ingots from the alloys Fe+3%B through their forging so that the ingots can be rolled into 3-5 mm thick platelets. The obtained product may serve as a material applicable for the preparation of neutron-absorption protective constructions.     

双屈服法测定93W合金的屈服强度

 用组合飞片技术以实现对待测材料93W合金进行加载-再加载和加载-卸载，并用VISAR（Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector）测试方法和高速数值示波器记录样品-窗口界面的粒子速度，通过上下屈服面法对实验数据进行处理，从而推出93W在冲击压力分别为16、32和96 GPa三个压力点下的屈服强度为：1.8、2.6和4.9 GPa。得到了93W合金在高压下材料屈服强度随冲击压力的增大而增大，但其与冲击压力的比值则随冲击压力的增加而减小的变化规律。     

DSC analysis of the effect of processing technique on the dissolution/precipitation reactions in a hypereutectic Al−Si alloy

In the present study, the effect of primary processing route on the dissolution and precipitation reactions in a commercial Al?Si alloy (designated as A390) is investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The Al?Si alloy selected for the present investigation was processed using conventional casting and spray atomization and deposition routes. The results of differential scanning calorimetry conducted on the as-processed samples indicated no significant dissolution reaction for the as-cast A390 alloy when compared to the similar results obtained for as-spray atomized and deposited samples. However, the thermal analysis conducted on the solutionized cast and spray deposited samples exhibited no significant difference in the kinetics of precipitation reactions. The results of the differential thermal analyses were finally rationalized in terms of observed microstructural features.