现代物理信息

 NATURE《自然》1991年.1.G.J.Fishman等《用长时间曝光设备在宇宙飞船表面观测⁷Be》349卷6311期沿轨道运行的人造卫星上的长时间曝光设备,在空间差不多6年,最近返回地球,从放射性的测量中,在长时间曝光设备的前沿,找到了一定数量的同位素⁷Be.本文的测定,可以把⁷Be作为外大气层示踪物以及空间表面相互作用研究的应用.     

不同羧酯化的聚马来酸十八醇酯齐聚物的镉盐LB膜成膜特…

由聚马来酸酐和十八醇合成了一系列不同羧酯比的聚马来酸十八醇酯，并以其为成膜材料，ＣｄＣｌ２水溶液为亚相制备了一系列聚马来酸十八醇酯镉盐ＬＢ膜，借助小角Ｘ射线衍射和红外吸收光谱表征了成膜条件及羧酯比对ＣｄＰＭＡ膜有序结构的影响。在较高膜压和快速提拉条件下，低羧酯比的ＣｄＰＭＡ可得到有序性很高的Ｙ－型ＬＢ多层膜；高羧酯比的ＣｄＰＭＡ得不到高有序性的ＬＢ多层膜。     

大肠杆菌HB101感受态细胞的显微观察与分析

对数生长前期的大肠杆菌在生理盐水中用CaCl2可以直接诱导建立感受态并完成转化过程。利用H－8100透射电子显微镜观察用CaCl2直接在生理盐水中诱导建立感受态的大肠杆菌细胞，发现感受态细胞整体电子密度趋于均匀，但存在有电子密度较高颗粒，表明大肠杆菌感受态建立过程中，细胞整体对电子通透性增强，可能存在涉及细胞膜通透性的复合物重新形成相关的胞内物质代谢及其在细胞内定位的受控改变，暗示大肠杆菌可能具有建立自然感受态的能力。     

增透膜的原理及常见问题的解答

增透膜也称减反膜，即能够减少反射光，增加透射光的薄膜．笔者在此简单分析一下光学镜头中所用的增透膜．     

单级A/O程序HSMBR系统性能和亚硝酸型SND

采用单级A/O程序复合膜生物反应器(HSMBR)处理高氨氮废水,研究了在低DO浓度下系统对有机物、氨氮和总氮的去除效率.研究结果表明:在低DO浓度下,COD,氨氮的平均去除率分别为94.4%和92.8%.由于进水COD/TN比仅为2.01,则使得总氮平均去除率仅为69.4%,但是当系统亚硝化累积率从60.5%～67.1%提高到83.5%～86.4%时,系统总氮去除率提高了17.7%.另外,DO在0.5～1.0 mg·L-1时,TN去除率为69.4%,亚硝酸盐氮累积率在60.5%～89.5%之间,可见维持低DO浓度可以实现亚硝酸型同时硝化反硝化.     

A Novel Analytical Approach for Multi-Layer Diaphragm-Based Optical Microelectromechanical-System Pressure Sensors

An optical microelectromechanical-system （MEMS） pressure sensor based on multi-layer circular diaphragm is described and analysed by using the proposed novel analytical approach and the traditional transfer matrix method. The analytical expressions of the deflection of multi-layer diaphragm and absolute optical reflectance are derived respectively. The influence of residual stress on the deflection of diaphragm is also analysed. Simulation results given by the finite element method are consistent with the ones which are analysed by using the analytical approach. The analytical approach will be helpful to design and fabricate the optical MEMS pressure sensors with multi-layer diaphragm based on Fabry-Perot interferometry.     

Magnetically rotational reactor for absorbing benzene emissions by ionic liquids

A magnetically rotational reactor （MRR） has been developed and used in absorbing benzene emissions. The MRR has a permanent magnet core and uses magnetic ionic liquid [bmim]FeCl4 as absorbent. Benzene emissions were carried by N2 into the MRR and were absorbed by the magnetic ionic liquid. The rotation of the permanent magnet core provided impetus for the agitation of the magnetic ionic liquid, enhancing mass transfer and making benzene better dispersed in the absorbent. 0.68 g benzene emissions could be absorbed by a gram of [bmim]FeCl4, 0.27 and 0.40 g/g higher than that by [bmim]PF6 and [bmim]BF4, respectively. The absorption rate increased with increasing rotation rate of the permanent magnet.     

A NOVEL METHOD FOR FABRICATING COMPOSITE MOSAIC MEMBRANE WITH UNIQUE NF SELECTIVITY

A novel method of fabricating composite mosaic membranes was studied on the basis of interracial polymerization （IP） by coating a thin selective layer onto the surface of a micro-porous hollow-fiber membrane, in which, 2,5-diaminobenzene sulfonic acid was used as one monomer of the IP reaction, and a mixture of trimesoyl chloride （TMCI） and 4-（chloromethyl） benzoyl chloride as the other monomer. Through the IP reaction a thin selective layer with negatively charged groups could be first formed on the polyethersulfone （PES） support membrane. Then trimethylamine solution was introduced to modify the IP layer through a quaternization reaction. Thus the selective layer of this composite membrane contained both negatively charged and positively charged groups to perform the mosaic functionality. Characterization of the composite mosaic membranes was carried out through permeation experiments using different inorganic salts and dyes. The experimental results showed that the membranes could permeate both mono- and bi-valent inorganic salts, but reject larger organic molecules. Such a mosaic membrane is potentially useful for the separation of salts from water-soluble organics, especially in dye and textile industries.     

一维CO2光学晶格中的光子带隙

本文研究了囚禁^85Rb原子的一维CO2光学晶格的光子带隙。由于大失谐CO2聚焦光束（λ=10．6μm）远离Rb原子的共振频率，原子与晶格光场的自恰作用可忽略，Rb原子被囚禁在周期为d=λ／2=5．3μm的周期性格点上，且单个格点上囚禁的原子数目可以达到10^3，整个晶格形成具有空间周期性调制的介电多层膜系。类似于光子晶体，其光学响应将在晶格频率与共振频率之间产生光子带隙。另一方面，     

ICP-AES测定彩涂前处理表面调整转化层中Ti、Ni含量及钝化膜中Cr含量

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法同时测定彩涂前处理表面调整转化层中Ti、Ni含量及钝化膜中Cr含量.以表征表面调整转化层厚度及钝化膜厚度,采用本方法准确度高、快速简便,经试验结果令人满意.