随星形聚氧化乙烯的分子拓扑形状演变的单层片晶图案

以不同臂(Arm)数的星形聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为对象,系统地研究了其在不同温度下结晶的晶体冰花图案.实验中采用的星形PEO样品,其臂数分别为3,4和8(3-arm-PEO,4-arm-PEO和8-arm-PEO)且每臂的分子量均为5000,线形PEO其分子量为5000.显然,随着星形PEO分子臂数的增加,分子拓扑形状的各向异性不断减小.在单层片晶冰花图案研究中发现,随着结晶温度逐渐向平衡熔点靠近,这些PEO样品的结晶冰花图案具有从树枝状晶体转变为海藻状晶体,然后转变为非规整的紧凑形晶体,最后变成多面晶体的变化规律.对细节的分析进一步表明,随着星形PEO分子臂数的增加,由于分子的各向异性减小,导致冰花状晶体的各向异性程度不断减弱,因此从树枝状晶体到海藻状晶体和从树枝状晶体到多面晶体的转变温度也都逐渐降低.将这些转变温度对臂数作图获得的一张形态相图(morphology diagram)说明了星形PEO结晶图案的分子形状依赖性,也阐明了冰花图案形成的大分子拓扑形状效应.     

Theoretical analysis and experimental results of interference striation pattern of underwater target radiated noise in shallow water waveguide

Waveguide invariant in shallow water is an attractive topic in recent three decades. The interference phenomena of direct wave of radiated noise of underwater target and reflection wave from sea surface and sea bottom can be considered as a typical case of shallow water waveguide.The interference striation pattern of direct wave and its reflection is the effective and comprehensive figure for better understanding the essence of shallow water waveguide invariant.The theoretical analysis of interference phenomena generated by direct wave of radiated noise of underwater target and its reflection wave from sea surface and sea bottom is presented in this paper.It is shown that the interference wave resulted by sea surface reflection will produce striation pattern centered at high frequency band.But the interference of nulling frequency resulted by sea bottom reflection may be at low frequency or high frequency, it strongly depends on the acoustic behavior of sea bottom.The relationship between main parameters of interference striation pattern and target,receiver,and environment is derived.It is shown that the interference striation have the shape of hyperbolic curve.The equation set of the hyperbolic curve and its asymptotic line is presented.The at sea experiment carried out in South China sea shows some interesting results.A part of data processing results are illustrated in this paper.The results expressed in this paper show that the interference striation pattern can be used,in some conditions,as a potential means for target recognition.     

Fluorescence lifetime measurement from a designated single-bunch in the BEPCⅡ colliding mode

Fluorescence lifetime measurement in the time domain requires excitation from a well separated single bunch using synchrotron light sources. In the colliding mode of the Beijing Electron Positron Collider Ⅱ (BEPCⅡ), a hybrid filling pattern was realized such that a single bunch was placed in the middle of a large gap between two multi-bunch groups. Detection of fluorescence lifetime, based on the excitation of the light pulse from this designated single-bunch, was established at Beamline 4B8 of the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). The timing signal of the BEPCII was utilized as a trigger to gate this fluorescence event. L-Tryptophan amino acid, a known lifetime standard, was selected to assess the lifetime measurement performance. The measured lifetime was consistent in both colliding and single-bunch mode with the time resolution down to 450 ps. Moreover, both the bunch purity and the fine structure of the hybrid filling pattern were characterized.     

超疏水表面黏附性的研究进展

结合作者课题组的相关工作,简要地论述了超疏水表面固液黏附性的主要影响因素和评价标准,介绍了天然和人工仿生具有特殊黏附性超疏水表面的研究进展,包括超疏水高黏附表面、超疏水低黏附表面、可控黏附性超疏水表面、各向异性黏滞力超疏水表面、黏滞力响应性智能超疏水表面以及超亲/超疏水图案表面制备及运用.特别介绍了作者研究小组在仿生可控黏滞力超疏表面制备以及超亲/超疏水图案表面运用的研究.最后对具有特殊黏附性超疏表面的研究进行总结和展望.     

气息图案法制备规整多孔薄膜的研究进展

气息图案法是一种制备规整多孔薄膜的新方法,该方法在高湿度环境下进行,并使用高挥发、非水溶性的溶剂.通过溶剂快速挥发所引起的暂时低温,诱使水蒸气在溶液表面凝结成规整水滴阵列,从而引导溶质围绕阵列自发形成规整多孔薄膜,全过程廉价、便捷.为促进该方法广泛而深人的研究,本文针对其近年来的研究现状,尤其是面向实用的特点,着重从其...     

钛材表面疏水图案化对成骨细胞生长的影响

本文通过共沉淀法合成纳米羟基磷灰石,然后采用电泳沉积法在钛材表面沉积羟基磷灰石涂层,并通过氟硅烷浸泡法构建疏水化图案,对制得的样品采用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪进行表征,并与成骨细胞共培养,采用MTT、ALP法检测疏水图案对成骨细胞生长的影响。结果表明,本实验成功在钛材表面构建了疏水图案,且这种图案对成骨细胞生长有一定的抑制作用,通过构建不同的疏水图案,可以达到调控成骨细胞生长方向的作用。     

紫外固化型聚合物水凝胶的周期图案形成及其调控

以聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯型水凝胶（PEGDA）为基底,制备了长程有序的表面褶皱图形,研究了其形成机理以及调控方法。通过调控光交联加工参数,聚合物凝胶表面出现大面积的周期图形阵列,该阵列尺寸可以在101～103μm之间调控,整体图形面积可达mm至cm级。分析表明,褶皱图形的形成主要是由于水汽蒸发过程中PEGDA水凝胶膜表面弯曲与体积压缩之间的竞争作用。     

浅析解直角三角形的应用问题

解直角三角形的应用是初中数学的一个很重要的知识点,在历次中考中所占的分值基本都在10分以上,主要考查在物高测量、建筑设计、坡角、坡比、堪测矿藏、图案设计、气象预报、工程技术、物理学、医学、航海航空等诸多领域应用,这些知识需要学生根据已知条件解直角三角形的方法,运用解直角三角形的     

单颗粒稀土微/纳晶体上转换荧光行为的光谱学探究

利用激光共聚焦显微镜系统研究了系列单颗粒NaYF_4:Yb/Er微晶的上转换荧光强度、空间分布和动力学过程.结果表明:荧光强度和动力学过程不但依赖于样品的长径比,而且依赖于样品的具体制备途径.荧光强度和红色荧光寿命随样品长径比的增大而增大,在具有相同长径比的NaYF_4:Yb/Er微米棒中,相比于调柠檬酸的量,调控pH制备的样品展示了更优异的上转换荧光特性.更有趣的是:不同样品的荧光图案展示了异向空间分布,暗示了其在编码和显示等领域的应用优势.荧光特性依赖于样品长径比和制备过程的物理机理被进一步研究和揭示:在微米晶体内,荧光强度主要依赖于样品的晶格内Na~+缺陷的数量.该研究为高效上转换荧光材料的合成积累了数据,而NaYF_4:Yb/Er微晶中红色荧光寿命对晶格缺陷更加敏感的特性也可能使其成为晶格结晶度的探针.     

Patterned growth of ZnO nanofibers

A simple method is adopted to grow ZnO nanofibers laterally among the patterned seeds designed in advance on silicon substrate. The preparation of seed lattices is carried out by lithographing the metal zinc film evaporated on the substrate. A layer of aluminum is covered on the zinc layer to prevent the ZnO nanorods vertically growing on the top surface. After oxidation, the patterned ZnO/Al2O3 spots are formed at the sites for the horizontal growth of ZnO nanofibers by the vapor phase transportation （VPT） method using the zinc powders as source material.