钯催化脱羰反应研究及若干昆虫性信息素的合成

综述了基于钯催化脱羰端烯化反应的若干昆虫性信息素的合成     

与科技创新同步,不断提升《催化学报》的国际化程度——庆祝《催化学报》创刊30周年

<催化学报>于1980年3月创刊,今年已经进入"而立"之年.30年来,随着我国经济建设的迅猛发展,我国催化研究的规模和水平也得到大幅度提升.目前,在国内,催化学科不仅在物理化学而且在整个化学领域占有重要的地位;在世界上,我国的催化研究在某些方面已经达到了国际领先的水平.     

闭系中硫(-Ⅱ)氧化的非线性动力学一般特征

The general dynamic features of the batch oxidation of Sulfur(-Ⅱ) compounds (S2- , thiosulfate,thiocynate and thiourea et al.) were discussed. The changes of Ph with reaction time consist of a rise and two separate drops. Dynamic model was proposed, further experimental studies on the batch oxidation of thiourea and thiocyanate by ClO2- were also carried out. Simulation curve was well consistent with experiment in a batch reactor. Non-catalytic oscillation of peroxide (hydrogen peroxide, persulfate et al.)- S(-Ⅱ) compound system resulted from the nonlinear dynamic of sulfur oxidation. In the oxidation of S(-Ⅱ) compounds by oxyhalogen compounds(ClO2- et al.), nonlinear dynamics of both oxyhalogen compound and sulfur compound should be considered simultaneously. So complex phenomena such as birhythmicity and chaos may be discovered.     

水溶性Rh-BISBIS配合物对阿维菌素催化加氢的研究

The hydrogenation of avermectin catalyzed by [RhCl(COD)]_2-BISBIS[COD:1,5-cyclooctadiene,BISBIS:sulfonated 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino Methyl-2,2'-biphenyl)] in situ in aquenous/organic two-phase system was studied.The influence of various parameters,such as the surfactant concentration,the molar ratio of rhodium to phosphine,the reaction temperature and pressure on this hydrogenation were investigated.The results showed that the hydrogenation activities of diphosphine was higher that of monophosphine.     

异辛醇中酶催化高效合成阿莫西林的研究

通过比较6种有机溶剂作为反应介质时对阿莫西林合成的影响,发现反应介质在保持酶的催化活性和稳定性方面发挥着非常重要的作用,确定异辛醇为酶催化合成阿莫西林的反应介质.通过研究不同温度下异辛醇中酶催化合成阿莫西林的时间曲线,确定了最佳反应温度和反应时间,通过对底物浓度和酶浓度进行响应面优化,最终得到阿莫西林合成的最优反应条件,在最优条件下可得到91.37%的最大阿莫西林产率.     

碱土金属对甲烷与空气制合成气Ni／CaO—Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

考察了添加在镍基催化剂中的碱土金属助剂对甲烷与空气制合成气的催化反应性能的影响.并对催化剂用TPO、TPR、CO     

催化褪色动力学光度法测定痕量砷

砷在农药，皮革，矿冶和印染等行业使用广泛，是常见的环境毒性元素之一，它在人体中具有积累效应，又有致癌性，但微量砷又可能是人体中必须的微量元素，常成为医治某些疾病的药物成分^[1]。因 而研究痕量砷的测定方法，在环境科学和生物医学领域都有实际意义。目前砷的催化光度法测定已有一些报道^[2-4]，但有关的测定体系报道较少，笔者在实验中发现，在pH=0.8的盐酸介质和柠檬酸作活化剂的条件下，As(V)对碘酸钾氧化百里酚兰（Thymol Blue，简写为TB）褪色有较强的催化作用，从而提出了测定痕量As(V)的催化褪色动力学光度法，该方法的灵敏度高，选择性好，用于芹菜，人发和废水中As(V)的测定，结果令人满意。