Cu-Co/SBA-15催化剂的结构特征及其催化甲苯燃烧性能

 以介孔 SBA-15 分子筛为载体, 用等体积共浸渍法制备了不同 Cu/Co 比和不同 Cu-Co 含量的 Cu-Co/SBA-15 催化剂, 采用 N2 吸附-脱附、高分辨透射电镜、X 射线衍射、X 射线光电子能谱和程序升温还原等手段对催化剂进行了表征, 并在微型固定床反应器上评价了催化剂催化甲苯燃烧性能. 结果表明, 所有催化剂仍具有 SBA-15 分子筛的介孔结构, Cu 含量较低时催化剂中存在 Cu-Co-O 固溶体, Cu 含量较高时会形成 CuO. 催化剂表面的 Co 对甲苯催化燃烧有重要的作用, 催化剂中的 Cu 可以降低 Co 的还原温度, 从而有利于催化剂活性的提高. 40%(Cu0.25Co0.75)/SBA-15 催化剂具有最高的活性, 在 285 oC 时可完全催化燃烧消除甲苯.     

HPAM/AlCit体系交联聚合物反应的27Al核磁共振研究

用²⁷Al NMR谱、自旋-晶格弛豫时间结合数字拟合方法研究了pH值对柠檬酸铝(AlCit)水溶液中络合物结构及组成的影响,研究了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)与柠檬酸铝(AlCit)形成的低聚合物浓度交联体系中,当HPAM与AlCit配比改变时及体系总浓度改变时铝络合物的结构及组成的变化,研究结果表明:在所研究的配比范围内,聚丙烯酰胺作为配体,首先进攻柠檬酸铝中的由水分子作配体的位于高场的Al,取代水分子与铝核形成络合物。     

Very Long Baseline Interferometry — a high precision tool for geodesy and astrometry

Very Long Baseline Interferometry is able to provide a direct geometrical tie to the extragalactic radio sources which represent the best possible realization of an inertial system. By this token, VLBI can measure Earth rotation and orientation as well as precise station positions and their velocities without involving the gravity field of the Earth. In the broader context of Earth observation and the monitoring of geodynamic processes, this one and many more unique features have allowed the VLBI technique to achieve pioneering feats such as the determination of present-day plate tectonic motions, post glacial rebound, sub-daily Earth rotation variations and parameters of general relativity. In this contribution, a brief outline of the VLBI technique and the models used in geodetic data analysis will be given before some of the most important achievements to date will be passed in review and future developments will be indicated.     

三维粒子成像测速（PIV）中粒子像斑定位的透视成像原理,方法及其可确定性

在三维粒子成像测速（ＰＩＶ）方面,可运用体积光照明同时从不同光轴用多个照相机获得ＰＩＶ图像,如何根据这些不同光轴获得的ＰＩＶ图像确定出粒子物点的空间位置是实现三维粒子成像测速的前提。基于此,本文提出了根据多幅不同光轴的ＰＩＶ图像的粒子像斑实现粒子物点三维定位的透视成像定位原理和方法,精确确定透视平面与透视中心在空间的位置是实现粒子物点三维定位的关键,直接测定透视中心（照相机的光学中心）和透视平面在     

用边有限元方法计算磁偶极子的三维电磁响应

用边有限元基函数导出了麦克斯韦(Maxwell)方程的有限元关系式,计算了地下三维介质中磁偶极子的电磁场响应.将场分量定义在有限单元的边上,解决了结点有限元方法中场切向分量不连续的矛盾,保证了源除外的所有单元内有旋无散的特性.将总场分离成背景场和二次场,使该方法适用于任何方向的磁偶极子源.通过模拟算例分析了7种Krylov子空间迭代算法以及不完全乔累斯基分解预处理手段在解大型线性代数方程组中的计算效率和收敛特性.对比结果表明,施加不完全乔累斯基分解作预处理的广义乘积型双共轭梯度算法GPBiCG (Pbicg)收敛最快,是三维复杂介质电磁响应数值模拟的首选算法.     

稠油油藏蒸汽-泡沫驱油数值模拟方法

以室内实验和矿场试验结果为基础,对稠油油藏蒸汽 泡沫驱的渗流机理及所涉及的物理化学现象进行了研究,在常规热采模型的基础上,结合蒸汽泡沫驱数学模型,建立了考虑蒸汽泡沫驱的新热采模型,拓展了热采模型的应用范围.模型中考虑了表活剂浓度、非凝析性气体含量、地层非均质性等影响因素.针对辽河高升油田高二、三区高3456井组油层埋藏较深、油层有效厚度较大的特点,对蒸汽泡沫复合驱进行了数值模拟研究,分析了其敏感因素及其可行性,并对蒸汽泡沫复合驱提高厚层稠油油藏的采收率机理进行了探讨.     

裂解色谱法研究渣油中硫化物的结构及组成特征

采用裂解气相色谱(PY-GC)方法研究重油中的大分子硫化物。实验考察了裂解时间和裂解温度对裂解反应的影响,在此基础上确定了裂解色谱条件,并分析了渣油裂解产物的组成。通过对大港、俄罗斯、前郭、孤岛及俄罗斯-大庆混合减压渣油等5种渣油的裂解实验,发现不同来源的渣油裂解产物中硫化物的组成和含量存在较大差异。实验中所得到的裂解产物中硫化物的组成为渣油中硫化物的组成提供了重要信息。     

高聚物P(EO)n-CuBr2薄膜在流体静高压下离子电导率和介电常数的提高(Ⅰ)——发现三种不同相的压力效应

 用混溶蒸发法制备出一系列高聚物P(EO)_n-CuBr₂（n=4, 8, 12, 16, 24）薄膜,并详细测量它们在0.1～350 MPa静水压范围内的复阻抗谱、在0.1～2 400 MPa静水压范围内的交流电导率以及介电常数。结果表明：离子电导率对压力的依赖关系（σ-p曲线）是条折线,可分解为四条直线相迭加。进一步做X射线衍射物相分析,它们分别归于PEO非晶相的压力效应、PEO结晶相的压力效应和析出CuBr₂新相的压力效应。由此计算出上述三种不同相所对应的激活体积、截止压力各自随高聚物P(EO)_n-CuBr₂薄膜组分的变化。为减小离子电导率的压力效应提供了物理基础。     

Action mechanism of antioxidation and anticorrosion and molecular design for perfluoropolyether fluid additives (Ⅱ)——Synthesis and measurement of N-substituted perfluoropolyalkylether phenyla-mide

Three kinds of the antioxidation and anticorrosion additives from the N-substituted per-fluoropolyalkylether phenylamide (PFPEA) were selected and synthesized. UV and IR spectral analyses were carried out, and strong absorption peaks of UV from benzene ring are about 240.7, 215.4 and 230.1 nm, respectively. The characteristic peaks of IR from the C=O are about 1713.9, 1712.2 and 1710.8 cm-1, respectively. The antioxidant and anticorrosive property was tested for the three synthesized additives. The results show that the weight loss of lubrication oil can decrease by 1/7, 1/9 and 1/25 respectively after adding synthesized additives. The thermal decomposition temperature(TD) in the presence of AI2O3 can increase by 19-22℃. From theoretic and experimental study it indicates that the PFPEAs with nitrogen heteroatom not only accepts electron from perfluoropolyalkylether oxygen radical (RfO.) to form a stable adduct and to prevent RfO. decomposing further, but also donates electron to form chemical adsorption fil     

Shear viscosity of simple fluids in porous media: molecular dynamic simulations and correlation models

Equilibrium molecular dynamic simulations have been used to calculate the shear viscosity of liquid argon in macrovolume system and in porous media at different temperatures, densities and pore widths. On the other hand, based on the Chapman–Enskog theory and Heyes relationships, two correlation models which can describe the viscosity of simple liquids in porous media are proposed as a function of the reduced temperature, density and pore width. The validity of the models is evaluated by comparing the calculated viscosity to simulation data.