Liquid–liquid equilibria for n-alkanes (C12, C14, C17) + propylbenzene + NMP mixtures at temperatures between 298 and 328 K

Liquid–liquid equilibria for three ternary systems: dodecane, or tetradecane, or heptadecane + propylbenzene + NMP was studied over a temperature range of 298–328 K. The three systems studied exhibit type I liquid–liquid phase diagram. The effect of temperaure and n-alkane chain length upon solubility, selectivity, and distribution coefficient were investigated experimentally. The experimental results were regressed to estimate the interaction parameters between each of the three pairs of components for the UNIQUAC and the NRTL models as a function of temperature. Both models satisfactorily correlate the experimental data, however the UNIQUAC fit was slightly better than that obtained with the NRTL model. The values of distribution coefficient and selectivity were predicated from the equilibrium data.     

Kuznetsov–Ma soliton and Akhmediev breather of higher-order nonlinear Schrdinger equation

In terms of Darboux transformation, we have exactly solved the higher-order nonlinear Schrdinger equation that describes the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in optical fibers. We discuss the modulation instability(MI) process in detail and find that the higher-order term has no effect on the MI condition. Under different conditions, we obtain Kuznetsov–Ma soliton and Akhmediev breather solutions of higher-order nonlinear Schrdinger equation. The former describes the propagation of a bright pulse on a continuous wave background in the presence of higher-order effects and the soliton's peak position is shifted owing to the presence of a nonvanishing background, while the latter implies the modulation instability process that can be used in practice to produce a train of ultrashort optical soliton pulses.     

Influence of bus stop with left-turn lines between two adjacent signalized intersections

Based on the symmetric two-lane Nagel–Schreckenberg(STNS) model, a three-lane cellular automaton model between two intersections containing a bus stop with left-turning buses is established in which model the occurrences of vehicle accidents are taken into account. The characteristics of traffic flows with different ratios of left-turn lines are discussed via the simulation experiments. The results indicate that the left-turn lines have more negative effects on capacity,accident rate as well as delay if the stop is located close to the intersections, where the negative effect in a near-side stop is more severe than that in a far-side one. The range of appropriate position for a bus stop without the bottleneck effect becomes more and more narrow with the increase of the ratio of left-turn bus lines. When the inflow is small, a short signal cycle and a reasonable offset are beneficial. When the inflow reaches or exceeds the capacity, a longer signal cycle is helpful. But if the stop position is inappropriate, the increase of cycle fails in reducing the negative effect of left-turning buses and the effectiveness of offset is weakened.     

基于迭代法的非线性弹性均质化研究

微观结构对复合材料的宏观力学性能具有至关重要的影响, 通过合理设计复合材料微观结构可以得到期望的宏观性能. 均质化方法作为一种有效的设计方法, 它从微观结构的角度出发, 利用均匀化的概念, 实现了对复合材料宏观力学性能的预测和设计. 而当考虑非线性因素, 均质化的实现就非常困难. 本文利用双渐近展开方法, 将位移按照宏观位移和微观位移展开, 推导了非线性弹性均质化方程. 通过直接迭代法, 对非线性弹性均质化方程进行了求解, 并给出了具体的迭代方法和实现步骤. 本文基于迭代步骤和非线性弹性均质化方程编写MATLAB 程序, 对3种典型本构关系的周期性多孔材料平面问题进行了计算, 对比细致模型的应变能、最大位移和等效泊松比, 对程序及迭代方法的准确性进行了验证. 之后对一种三元橡胶基复合材料进行多尺度均质化, 将其分为芯丝尺度和层间尺度. 用线弹性的均质化方法得到了芯丝尺度的等效弹性参数, 并将其作为层间尺度的材料参数. 在层间尺度应用非线性弹性均质化方法对结构进行计算, 得到材料的宏观等效性能, 并以实验结果为基准进行评价.      

连续和准连续调制激光吸收光谱的软件锁相解调比较研究

根据对激光器施加的调制信号是否连续,波长调制光谱分为连续和准连续调制激光吸收光谱技术。为了深入的比较研究这两种方案,设计准连续调制谱专用的软件锁相放大器,将准连续调制信号因间断产生的无效信号滤除后,再对吸收信号解调得到二次谐波信号。与连续激光调制谱软件解调的二次谐波信号进行了比较,结果表明,参数相同,准连续调制谱比连续调制谱的信噪比提高5%、检测限降低11.3%。在滤除无效信号后,准连续调制谱也可以解调出标准的二次谐波信号,因此有望用于与气体线型相关的研究中。该工作为选取更加适用的激光调制谱技术,提供了准确依据。     

挠曲电效应对向列相液晶盒响应时间的影响

应用液晶动力学理论和差分迭代方法,考虑上液晶挠曲电特性情形下研究强锚泊混合排列向列相液晶盒撤掉电压时的动态响应过程,数值计算得到液晶盒透过率随时间的变化.结果表明:随展曲和弯曲挠曲电系数和的绝对值|e₁₁+e₃₃|的增加,液晶盒的响应时间逐渐减小,当|e₁₁+e₃₃|=50 pC·m^-1时,响应时间与忽略挠曲电效应的情况相比缩短了一半.     

Gruhn-Hess两体势修正模型向列相液晶微滴的Monte Carlo模拟

基于Gruhn-Hess两体势修正模型,用Monte Carlo方法模拟向列相液晶微滴.Gruhn-Hess两体势是空间各向异性的,修正模型的势参数依赖于液晶的弹性常数K₁₁、K₂₂、K₃₃及表面弹性常数K₁₃.假设向列相液晶微滴具有自由表面,在低温下计算分子二阶序参数和切向内禀强度在微滴内不同区域的变化,并与Gruhn-Hess两体势模型一作对比分析.结果表明:附加K₁₃项的修正模型在微滴表面产生内禀锚定,其大小决定了内禀易取向方向及内禀锚定强度的大小,且内禀强度的大小与K₃₃/K₁₁值有关;空间不完整的向列相液晶微滴由内层到外层有序度逐渐降低.     

《通信原理》课程教学中的几点体会

结合本校《通信原理》课程建设和教学改革实际,从教学内容的精选、教学顺序的合理安排、多种教学方法的灵活运用、实验教学的分层次设计等方面给出了一些经验和体会.     

独立学院中《程控交换原理》课程实践教学新模式研究

针对"独立学院"这一高等教育新型办学模式的需要,对专业基础课《程控交换原理》进行了实践教学改革.改革取得了明显的成效,通过实训项目学生的综合实践能力得到培养,就业竞争力得到了提升.     

Influence of Surface Geometry of Grating Substrate on Director in Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell

The director in nematic liquid crystal cell with a weak anchoring grating substrate and a strong anchoring planar substrate is relative to the coordinates x and z. The influence of the surface geometry of the grating substrate in the cell on the director profile is numerically simulated using the two-dimensional finite-difference iterative method under the condition of one elastic constant approximation and zero driven voltage. The deepness of groove and the cell gap affect the distribution of director. For the relatively shallow groove and the relatively thick cell gap, the director is only dependent on the coordinate z. For the relatively deep groove and the relatively thin cell gap, the director must be dependent on the two coordinates x and z because of the increased elastic strain energy induced by the grating surface.