非连续变形分析方法的改进及应用1）

首先,采用位移收敛判据对非连续变形的岩石断裂分析进行改进并程序实现. 其次,将非连续变形分析方法和裂隙网络渗流模型结合起来,建立了渗流应力耦合分析模型,研究了裂隙岩体变形对渗流的影响以及渗流与应力耦合作用下裂隙岩体的变形破坏特征. 研究发现,主干裂隙控制着渗流场分布,考虑耦合作用时的水头值比不考虑耦合作用时大,说明考虑耦合后坡体更容易变形失稳. 改进前后裂纹扩展形态基本不变,表明程序计算的收敛判据是有效的.     

Macro and micro mechanics behavior of granite after heat treatment by cluster model in particle flow code

In this paper, a cluster model in particle flow code was used to simulate granite specimens after heat treatment under uniaxial compression. The results demonstrated that micro-cracks are randomly distributed in the specimen when the temperature is below 300?C, and have partial coalescence when the temperature is up to 450?C, then form macro-cracks when the temperature is above 600?C. There is more inter-granular cracking than intra-granular cracking, and their ratio increases with increasing temperature.The micro-cracks are almost constant when the temperature decreases from 900?C to room temperature, except for quartz α–β phase transition temperature(573?C). The fracture evolution process is obviously affected by these cracks, especially at 600–900?C. Elevated temperature leads to easily developed displacement between the grains, and the capacity to store strain energy becomes weaker, corresponding to the plasticity of granite after heat treatment.     

Strength and deformation behaviors of veined marble specimens after vacuum heat treatment under conventional triaxial compression

The mechanical behaviors of rocks affected by high temperature and stress are generally believed to be significant for the stability of certain projects involving rocks, such as nuclear waste storage and geothermal resource exploitation. In this paper, veined marble specimens were treated to high temperature treatment and then used in conventional triaxial compression tests to investigate the effect of temperature, confining pressure, and vein angle on strength and deformation behaviors. The results show that the strength and deformation parameters of the veined marble specimens changed with the temperature, presenting a critical temperature of 600℃. The triaxial compression strength of a horizontal vein(β = 90°) is obviously larger than that of a vertical vein(β = 0°). The triaxial compression strength,elasticity modulus, and secant modulus have an approximately linear relation to the confining pressure. Finally,Mohr–Coulomb and Hoek–Brown criteria were respectively used to analyze the effect of confining pressure on triaxial compression strength.     

Background thermal noise correction methodology for average infrared radiation temperature of coal under uniaxial loading

This paper proposes a new background thermal noise correction (BTNC) Methodology for better utilization of average infrared radiation temperature (AIRT) as a precursor for rock fracturing and failure under uniaxial loading. The key innovative concept in the proposed Methodology is the introduction of control samples in the thermal infrared experimental setup. A strong linear correlation was observed between the background thermal noise (BTN) of the test samples and that of control samples, which was used to develop the AIRT-BTNC model. By utilizing the AIRT-BTNC model, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of AIRT can be improved by two orders of magnitude from a mean value of 0.40–70.69. The variation in the AIRT after BTNC on the surface of the uniaxial loading coal samples can be categorized into two types instead of the three reported by previous researchers. The above achievements will be useful in monitoring and forecasting the natural and engineering hazards related to rock/coal structural failures during mining activities.     

A new “dual” symmetry structure of the KP hierarchy

A new infinite set of commuting additional (“ghost”) symmetries is proposed for the KP-type integrable hierarchy. These symmetries allow for a Lax representation in which they are realized as standard isospectral flows. This gives rise to a new double-KP hierarchy embedding “ghost” and original KP-type Lax hierarchies connected to each other via a “duality” mapping exchanging the isospectral and “ghost” “times”. A new representation of the 2D Toda lattice hierarchy as a special Darboux-Bäcklund orbit of the double-KP hierarchy is found and parametrized entirely in terms of (adjoint) eigenfunctions of the original KP subsystem.     

高温后花岗岩应力脆性跌落系数的实验研究

为研究温度对峰后区应力跌落的影响,通过高温后(常温～1200℃)花岗岩的单轴压缩试验,得到了不同温度后花岗岩全应力-应变曲线,并获得峰值应变、残余应变等特征参数随温度的变化规律。结果表明,高温后花岗岩变形特性较符合脆塑性体模型,峰值强度前呈显著线性关系,峰值屈服区段很狭窄,峰值后陡峻跌落至残余值,残余阶段稳定平缓;在800℃之前,可简化为理想弹性-应力脆性跌落-理想塑性三线型本构模型;800℃之后,峰前的屈服阶段逐渐明显,应力脆性跌落将不再发生,可简化为双线性弹性-线性软化-残余塑性四线型本构模型。给出了应力脆性跌落系数与温度的关系,温度越高,应力脆性跌落系数越大,且变化幅度越大。应力脆性跌落系数与岩爆倾向性指标随温度的变化趋势相反,故可用来作为评价岩爆倾向性的指标之一。     

深井提升动力学研究

随着浅部煤炭资源的日益枯竭, 我国煤炭开采朝着深部化和大型化方向发展, 新建和改扩建的大型立井年生产能力已达1000万吨, 开采最大深度已达1500 m. 千米深井在提升过程中, 造成提升钢丝绳、容器振荡, 特别是自由悬挂平衡尾绳大幅度摆动, 严重影响多绳摩擦提升系统向高速度、深度化发展. 在国家重点研发计划“深地资源勘查开采”重点专项“煤矿深井建设与提升基础理论及关键技术”支持下, 建立了单元数量自动调整的自由悬挂平衡尾绳提升系统动力学模型, 揭示了传统提升系统诱发平衡尾绳大摆动的机理; 提出了深井SAP提升新模式, 构建了多元耦合下的SAP提升系统动力学模型与非光滑动力学模型, 揭示了多参数影响下系统的非光滑动力学特性及非线性振动演化规律; 研发了适用于深部提升的SAP提升技术与装备, 开展了SAP提升技术与装备的现场研究, 解决了大强煤矿立井提升系统运行过程中尾绳大摆动、提升容器大振动等关键问题, 提高了提升系统高速运行的安全性, 消除了尾绳大摆动难控制的问题.      

Resolution Effect: An Error Correction Model for Intrinsic Permeability of Porous Media Estimated from Lattice Boltzmann Method

Transport in Porous Media - In digital rock physics, the intrinsic permeability of a porous rock sample can be evaluated from its micro-computed tomography ($$\upmu$$-CT) image through lattice...     

Effect of initial phase on the Rayleigh—Taylor instability of a finite-thickness fluid shell

Rayleigh—Taylor instability (RTI) of finite-thickness shell plays an important role in deep understanding the characteristics of shell deformation and material mixing. The RTI of a finite-thickness fluid layer is studied analytically considering an arbitrary perturbation phase difference on the two interfaces of the shell. The third-order weakly nonlinear (WN) solutions for RTI are derived. It is found the main feature (bubble-spike structure) of the interface is not affected by phase difference. However, the positions of bubble and spike are sensitive to the initial phase difference, especially for a thin shell (kd<1), which will be detrimental to the integrity of the shell. Furthermore, the larger phase difference results in much more serious RTI growth, significant shell deformation can be obtained in the WN stage for perturbations with large phase difference. Therefore, it should be considered in applications where the interface coupling and perturbation phase effects are important, such as inertial confinement fusion.     

不同含水量的岩石近红外光谱的特征选择

岩石含水量是影响岩石物理、化学和力学特性的一个重要指标。在岩土工程、隧道工程等领域，岩石含水量的大小是诱发灾变和病害的关键原因。与传统方法相比，利用近红外光谱（NIRS）特征检测岩石含水量，具有无损、定量的明显优势，其难点和关键是近红外光谱的特征选择。针对该问题，进行了室内实验，研究不同含水量下的岩石近红外光谱的特征选择。特征选择方法中的Filter法，利用样本数据内在的特点，评价特征的重要程度，增强了特征与类的相关性，同时削减了特征之间的相关性，具有复杂度低、直观、效率高、普适性强的优点，符合该研究的数据特点。因此，选用Filter型的依赖性度量法进行特征选择。室内实验中，首先制备11种不同含水量的砂岩试样，并分别采集了前后左右4个测试点处的共计44条近红外光谱曲线；然后，利用一阶导数法对光谱进行预处理，基于此，选择1 400和1 930 nm谱段进行光谱特征分析，并分别提取2个谱段处的峰面积、峰高、半高宽、左肩宽度、右肩宽度、左右肩宽比共计6个初始特征变量；考虑到6个初始特征变量的量纲不同，且变量之间的变化幅度不同，对原始数据进行正规化变换，消除量纲和变化幅度不同带来的影响；接着，根据自变量的筛选原则，去掉自变量之间具有强线性相关的冗余变量；然后，利用依赖性度量法中的统计相关系数作为相关程度的度量标准，分析了初始特征变量之间以及初始特征变量与含水量之间的相关程度，并得到了2个强相关谱段处的最优特征变量；最后，在强相关谱段处分别构建了多元回归模型，并对模型进行了检验分析。研究结果表明：（1）波长1 400和1 930 nm附近的近红外光谱吸收峰特征与岩石含水量有明显相关性；（2）波长1 400 nm处的峰高、右肩宽度、左肩宽度与含水量线性相关性明显；波长1 930 nm处的峰高、右肩宽度与含水量线性相关性明显；（3）多元线性回归模型能够较精确表达含水量与近红外光谱之间的相关性，利用该模型可实现基于近红外光谱特征的含水岩石含水量预测，为利用近红外光谱实现动态监测与评估岩石含水量提供基础建模数据。