Effects of High-voltage Pulse Electric Field Treatment on the Structure Stability of Konjac Glucomannan

Structures of KGM treated in two high-voltage pulse electric fields were characterized by infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and so on.The results showed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions of KGM were reduced after being treated with high-voltage pulse electric field,but there was no significant effect on its fiber chain form and thermal characteristics.Results of the study can provide a useful reference for further study on the structure and property of KGM,and especially can provide theoretical basis for the effect of physical field on the foodstuff deep processing related to KGM.     

龙眼叶片活性氧代谢和抗氧化系统对La3+的响应

以一年生龙眼小苗为材料,研究了La3+对龙眼叶片活性氧代谢和抗氧化系统的影响,探讨La3+提高植物抗逆境能力作用机制。龙眼小苗喷施10,20,30,40,50 mg.L-1的La(NO3)3两次,通过检测叶片的自由基含量、抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量来分析La3+提高龙眼抗氧化的作用。结果表明:20～30 mg.L-1La3+处理可明显清除龙眼叶片的.O2-和H2O2,减少MDA生成量;显著提高叶片SOD和CAT酶活性,降低POD活性,提高AsA-GSH循环运行效率及相关代谢酶APX,MDAR,DHAR和GR的活性,保证AsA和GSH再生,显示稀土离子La3+对龙眼抗性具有显著的正调节作用。     

结晶紫内酯变色过程的计算模拟与实验探索

通过改变结晶紫内酯(CVL)与酸的物质的量比,测试了不同物质的量比下溶液的紫外-可见吸收光谱,结合量子化学计算模拟手段对结晶紫内酯在酸催化下变色过程的电子结构和垂直激发谱进行了探讨.结果表明质子亲和能与溶剂效应是影响结晶紫内酯变色过程的主要因素。     

Freezing the conductance of platinum(II) complexes by quantum interference effect

Understanding the impact of substituents on the quantum interference effect at single molecule scale is of great importance for the design of molecular devices. In this work, three platinum(II) complexes with –H, –NH₂ and –NO₂ groups on conductive backbones were designed and synthesized. Single-molecule conductance, which was measured using scanning tunnelling microscope break junction (STM-BJ) technique, demonstrated a conductance freeze phenomenon under the variation of substituents. Theoretical study revealed that, despite the electronic effect of the substituents shifting the energy level of molecular orbital, the quantum interference effect vanished the influence of electronic effect on the conductance and eventually leaded to the conductance freeze.     

生物杂化体介导的半人工光合作用:机理、进展及展望

半人工光合系统通过利用人工光合系统与自然光合系统关键功能组分的协同效应以实现太阳能-化学能的转化。生物杂化体介导的半人工光合系统(biohybrid mediated semi-artificial photosynthetic system, BMSAPS)创新性地耦合了光敏剂优异的光捕获特性及生物催化剂高效的催化能力,从而利用太阳能高效驱动特定的化学转化过程。强化光敏剂与生物催化剂微界面间电子的产生、传输及利用是提高BMSAPS性能的关键。本文从BMSAPS的基本原理出发,分析了BMSAPS构建的关键科学问题及研究现状,阐述了该系统光生电子传递的相关机制及研究手段,总结了其在可再生能源转化、二氧化碳减排等方面的研究进展,并就未来的研究方向提出展望。本文有助于加深对BMSAPS的认识,从而为进一步优化其在能源生产和环境修复领域的应用提供理论基础和技术支撑。     

可见-近红外光谱的螺旋藻生长品质指标快速无损检测

为了实现微藻生长过程品质指标的快速无损检测，提出了可见-近红外光谱技术检测不同红蓝光源组合培养条件下螺旋藻中叶绿素a和蛋白质的含量。采集不同含量红光和蓝光组合下螺旋藻在325～1 075 nm波段范围内的光谱信息，其中红光与蓝光的含量组合分别是(100%，0%)，(90%, 10%)，(70%，30%)，(50%, 50%)。同时测量叶绿素a和蛋白质的含量，建立偏最小二乘(PLS)预测模型。分别基于连续投影算法(SPA)选择了用于叶绿素a和蛋白质预测的特征波长，分别得到5个(404，440，518，662和875 nm)和4个(411，531，602和1 047 nm)特征波长。基于特征波长建立了PLS和多元线性回归(MLR)预测模型，SPA-MLR模型中叶绿素a和蛋白质预测集相关系数(correlation coefficient, R_p)分别是0.949和0.974，均方根误差(RMSEP)分别是0.018 8和0.006 74。结果表明：可见-近红外光谱检测螺旋藻藻体中叶绿素a和蛋白质含量是可行的，通过测量螺旋藻的光谱结合化学计量学方法可以实现对螺旋藻生长状况的检测。     

Preparation and Structure of a New Coagulation Factor XI Catalytic Domain for Drug Discovery

Human blood coagulation factor XI (FXI) is a key enzyme in the amplification phase of blood coagulation cascade,and is recognized as an important target for anti-coagulant deve-lopment in recent years.We designed a new mutant form of FXIa catalytic domain rhFXI 370～607 (N73Q-N113Q-C123S),and report here the facile preparation,protein crystallization,and crystal structure of this protein.We highlight a few unique structural features of FXIa after comparison with the trypsin family serine proteases at sequence and structural levels.This work provides a foundation to develop new small molecular FXIa inhibitors with increased potency and specificity.     

Understanding the defect chemistry of oxide nanoparticles for creating new functionalities:A critical review

This work presents a critical review on the studies of defect chemistry of oxide nanoparticles for creating new functionalities pertinent to energy applications including dilute-magnetic semiconductors,giant-dielectrics,or white light generation.Emphasis is placed on the relationships between the internal structure and defective surfaces of oxide nanoparticles and their synergy in tailoring the materials properties.This review is arranged in a sequence:(1) structural fundamentals of bulk oxides,using TiO2 a...