基于科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器

太赫兹滤波器是太赫兹通信、太赫兹成像和太赫兹检测等太赫兹应用系统中不可或缺的功能器件。按照不同的分类方式,滤波器有不同的种类,常见的按照选频功能可分为高通滤波器、低通滤波器、带阻滤波器和带通滤波器。为了实现在太赫兹波段的滤波效果,世界各地的研究人员利用不同的结构、材料和控制方式实现了功能各异的太赫兹滤波器,但是考虑到设计的器件要应用到太赫兹系统中,成本低廉、结构简单、性能优越的太赫兹滤波器一直是研究人员的追求。分形概念自提出以来在很多研究领域都有了快速发展,但是在太赫兹波段的应用还不是很常见,特别是应用于太赫兹功能器件的设计。引入分形中科赫曲线的概念设计并制备了一种新型的太赫兹带通滤波器,该滤波器是在金属薄膜上刻蚀出科赫曲线分形结构,当太赫兹波垂直入射到该滤波器时候实现了在太赫兹波段的窄带滤波。在滤波器的设计过程中,追求理论与实验相结合,首先在电磁仿真软件中建立科赫曲线分形结构滤波器模型进行计算,探究分形结构应用于太赫兹波段进行滤波的可行性,在进行多次计算之后得到优化后的尺寸和结构,然后根据优化后的尺寸加工出科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹滤波器样品,并且将样品放在太赫兹时域光谱系统中进行实验测量,得到实验数据后与仿真结果进行比较。在仿真中利用了时域有限差分法模拟科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器的传输特性,优化后的仿真结果表明:滤波器的谐振频率为0.715 THz,透射系数能够达到0.92,-3 dB带宽为21.9 GHz,将仿真得到的散射参数进行S参数反演得到了太赫兹滤波器样品的电磁参数,这在理论上分析了太赫兹波在谐振点处产生透射增强的原因。利用飞秒激光微加工系统制备了尺寸优化后的科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器样品,然后使用太赫兹时域光谱系统对样品的传输特性进行测试,对实验得到的时域数据进行快速傅里叶变换之后得到频域数据,再把频域数据进行归一化处理后与之前的电磁仿真结果进行对比,发现实验测得的结果与电磁软件仿真得到的结果较为吻合。     

基质刚性影响声孔效应介导的单细胞基因转染

实验研究了基质刚性对单细胞质粒DNA转染效果的影响。实验采用高声压短脉冲(0.45MPa,10μs)条件的超声对培养在不同硬度凝胶基质(软的凝胶基质：0.2kPa,硬的凝胶基质：40kPa)上的力学敏感细胞NIH 3T3进行质粒DNA转染实验。实验结果表明,培养在硬的凝胶基质上的细胞,质粒DNA转染效率明显高于培养在软的凝胶基质上的细胞。进一步对质粒DNA进行荧光示踪可知培养在不同刚性基质上的细胞导入质粒DNA的方式不同。当细胞被培养在硬的凝胶基质上时,通过声致穿孔产生的小孔进入细胞内的质粒DNA更多,而培养在软的凝胶基质上的细胞,更多的质粒DNA可以通过非声致穿孔作用,例如内吞方式导入细胞。 细胞骨架蛋白分布规律表明,硬的凝胶基质上培养的细胞内有更多的F肌动蛋白微丝,可以更好地支撑起细胞的铺展形态,相对不容易发生内吞作用。而软的凝胶基质上培养的细胞内F肌动蛋白则更多以球形状态存在,细胞形貌骗向圆形,此时更容易发生胞吞作用。     

Effect of palladium oxide electrode on potentiometric sensor response to carbon monoxide

Ionics - This study aims to explore the potential merits of palladium oxide sensing electrode. PdO is applied on a solid-state potentiometric sensor on an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)...     

A posteriori error estimation for a singularly perturbed Volterra integro-differential equation

Numerical Algorithms - A singularly perturbed Volterra integro-differential equation with an integrable singularity in the integral term is considered. The upwind difference method is used to...     

Metabolic profiles of dioscin in rats revealed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Dioscin (DIS), one of the most abundant bioactive steroidal saponins in Dioscorea sp., is used as a complementary medicine to treat coronary disease and angina pectoris in China. Although the pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics of DIS have been well demonstrated, information regarding the final metabolic fates is very limited. This study investigated the in vivo metabolic profiles of DIS after oral administration by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method. The structures of the metabolites were identified and tentatively characterized by means of comparing the molecular mass, retention time and fragmentation pattern of the analytes with those of the parent compound. A total of eight metabolites, including seven phase I and one phase II metabolites, were detected and tentatively identified for the first time. Oxidation, deglycosylation and glucuronidation were found to be the major metabolic processes of the compound in rats. In addition, a possible metabolic pathway on the biotransformation of DIS in vivo was proposed. This study provides valuable and new information on the metabolism of DIS, which will be helpful for further understanding its mechanism of action. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

语音通信降噪研究

语音通信系统中，语音通过信道传输将不可避免地引入码间串扰和信号畸变，同时受到噪声污染。本文在分析自适应盲均衡算法CMA(constant modulus algorithm）和改进盲均衡算法的基础上，考虑到自适应盲均衡技术在语音噪声控制方面能力有限，将自适应盲均衡技术与小波包掩蔽阈值降噪算法联合使用，形成一种基带语音增强新方法。仿真试验结果显示自适应盲均衡技术可以使星座图变得清晰而紧凑，有效减小误码率。研究证实该方法在语音信号ISI和畸变严重情况下，在白噪及有色噪声不同的噪声环境中都具有稳定的降噪能力，消噪同时可获得汉语普通话良好的听觉效果。     

不同声音偏好的游客声景观主观评价差异——以丽江大研古镇为例*

古镇作为集自然景观与人文景观一体的景区，具有丰富的声音类型。本研究以大研古镇为例，通过实地调研探究不同声音偏好的游客对古镇声景观的主观评价差异。基于游客的声音偏好，将游客分为偏爱自然声和偏爱人工声两大类。通过因子分析提取游客声景观主观评价的5个主因子：大小、音质、效价、偏好和唤醒。进一步分析发现，这5个因子具有一定的层级性，其中从大小到唤醒代表声景观评价从声音的物理属性向声音的联想评价逐级提升。其中在低层级评价(大小、音质)中，偏好自然声的游客和偏好人工声的游客无显著差异，低层级评价具有稳定性；而在高层级评价(效价、偏好和唤醒)中，偏好人工声的游客更关注古镇声景观的淳朴性和遗产性。因此，游客对声景观的主观评价可视为一种指标，判断景区声景所处的评价阶段，从而为景区声景观改善提供更有针对性的建议。     

A Photoactivated Cu–CeO2 Catalyst with Cu-[O]-Ce Active Species Designed through MOF Crystal Engineering

Fully utilizing solar energy for catalysis requires the integration of conversion mechanisms and therefore delicate design of catalyst structures and active species. Herein, a MOF crystal engineering method was developed to controllably synthesize a copper–ceria catalyst with well-dispersed photoactive Cu-[O]-Ce species. Using the preferential oxidation of CO as a model reaction, the catalyst showed remarkably efficient and stable photoactivated catalysis, which found practical application in feed gas treatment for fuel cell gas supply. The coexistence of photochemistry and thermochemistry effects contributes to the high efficiency. Our results demonstrate a catalyst design approach with atomic or molecular precision and a combinatorial photoactivation strategy for solar energy conversion.