Synthesis,Structure, Photoluminescence,and Theoretical ­Calculation of an rtl‐type Zinc(II) Compound with Linear Trinuclear [Zn3(COO)4(μ2‐H2O)2] Subunits

The zinc(II) coordination polymer [Zn₃(BPT)₂(μ₂‐H₂O)₂(H₂O)₂]_n · n(DMA) ( 1 ) (H₃BPT = biphenyl‐3,4′,5‐tricarboxylic acid, DMA = N,N′‐dimethylactamide) was obtained by the solvothermal reaction of H₃BPT with Zn(NO₃)₂ in DMA/H₂O mixed solvent. Single crystal X‐ray analysis reveals that compound 1 has a complicated 3D framework containing linear trinuclear [Zn₃(COO)₄(μ₂‐H₂O)₂] clusters as building subunits, which can be simplified into a (3,6)‐connected rtl topological network with the Schläfli symbol {4.6²}₂{4².6¹⁰.8³}. The calculated results of total and partial density of states (DOS) indicate that the luminescence of 1 mainly originates from intraligand charge transfer.     

Manganese‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative [4+2] Annulation of N?H Imines and Alkynes by C?H/N?H Activation

Described herein is a manganese‐catalyzed dehydrogenative [4+2] annulation of N H imines and alkynes, a reaction providing highly atom‐economical access to diverse isoquinolines. This transformation represents the first example of manganese‐catalyzed C H activation of imines; the stoichiometric variant of the cyclomanganation was reported in 1971. The redox neutral reaction produces H₂ as the major byproduct and eliminates the need for any oxidants, external ligands, or additives, thus standing out from known isoquinoline synthesis by transition‐metal‐catalyzed C H activation. Mechanistic studies revealed the five‐membered manganacycle and manganese hydride species as key reaction intermediates in the catalytic cycle.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C?C Bond Cleavage for C?N Bond Formation: From Ketones to Amides

A novel copper‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative C(CO) C(alkyl) bond cleavage reaction of aryl alkyl ketones for C N bond formation is described. A series of acetophenone derivatives as well as more challenging aryl ketones with long‐chain alkyl substituents could be selectively cleaved and converted into the corresponding amides, which are frequently found in biologically active compounds and pharmaceuticals.     

Determination of six polyynes in Oplopanax horridus and Oplopanax elatus using polyethylene glycol modified reversed migration microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography

A PEG‐modified reversed migration MEEKC method was developed for simultaneous determination of six polyynes, including oplopandiol, falcarindiol, oplopandiol acetate, (11S, 16S, 9Z)‐9,17‐octadecadiene‐12,14‐diyne‐1,11,16‐triol,1‐acetate, oplopantriol B, and oplopantriol A, in Oplopanax horridus and Oplopanax elatus. The running buffer containing 0.8% v/v ethyl acetate, 3.8% w/v SDS, 6.6% v/v n‐butanol in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5), followed by mixing with propan‐2‐ol at 30% v/v and PEG‐1000 at 15% w/v, was applied in the analysis. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the six polyynes in five samples of Oplopanax horridus and one of O. elatus. The result showed that the types and amounts of polyynes present were obviously different when comparing the two herbs. Besides, the developed PEG‐modified reversed MEEKC method might be suitable for the analysis of hydrophobic analytes in herbal medicines.     

Genotyping of exons 1 to 20 in Duchenne muscular dystrophy by universal multiplex PCR and short‐end capillary electrophoresis

One rapid CE method was established to diagnose Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a severe recessive inherited disorder frequently caused by gene deletions. Among them, exons 1–20 account for nearly 30% of occurrences. In this study, the universal multiplex PCR was used to enhance the fluorescently labeling efficiency, which was performed only by one universal fluorescent primer. After PCR, a short‐end injection CE (short‐end CE) speeded up the genotyping of the DMD gene. This method involved no extra purification, and was completed within 9 min. The CE conditions contained a polymer solution of 1.5% hydroxylethylcellulose in 1× TBE buffer at 6 kV for separation. This method was applied to test six DMD patients and one healthy male person. The results showed good agreement with those of multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. This method can be applied for clinical diagnosis of DMD disease. Accurate diagnosis of the DMD gene is the best way to prevent the disease.     

Genetic profile characterization and population study of 21 autosomal STR in Chinese Kazak ethnic minority group

Short tandem repeat loci have been recognized as useful tools in the routine forensic application and in recent decades, more and more new short tandem repeat (STR) loci have been constantly discovered, studied, and applied in forensic caseworks. In this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms of 21 STR loci in the Kazak ethnic minority as well as the genetic relationships between the Kazak ethnic minority and other populations. Allelic frequencies of 21 STR loci were obtained from 114 unrelated healthy Kazak individuals in the Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of China. We observed a total of 159 alleles in the group with the allelic diversity values ranging from 0.0044 to 0.5088. The highest polymorphism was found at D19S433 locus and the lowest was found at D1S1627. Statistical analysis of the generated data indicated no deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibriums at all 21 STR loci. In order to estimate the population differentiation, allelic frequencies of all STR loci of the Kazak were compared with those of other neighboring populations using analysis of molecular variance method. Statistically significant differences were found between the studied population and other populations at 2–7 STR loci. A neighbor‐joining tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies of the 21 STR loci and phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Kazak has a close genetic relationship with the Uigur ethnic group. The present results may provide useful information for forensic sciences and population genetics studies, and can also increase our understanding of the genetic background of this group. The present findings showed that all the 21 STR loci are highly genetically polymorphic in the Kazak group, which provided valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification, and paternity tests.     

Rational design of donor–π–acceptor n-butyl-1,8-naphthalimide-cored branched molecules as charge transport and luminescent materials for organic light-emitting diodes

Four D–π–A bipolar molecules with n-butyl-1,8-naphthalimide (BNI) fragments as acceptors, acetylenes as π-spacers, and different aromatic groups as donors have been designed to explore their optical, electronic, and charge transport properties as charge transport and luminescent materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and local density of states analysis have turned out that the vertical electronic transitions of absorption and emission are characterized as intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The calculated results show that their optical and electronic properties are affected by the different donors of the bipolar molecules. Our results suggest that D–π–A 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives with donors triphenylamine (1), 1-nitrobenzene (2), anisole (3), and 4-phenylbenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (4) fragments are expected to be promising luminescent materials. Furthermore, 2–4 are expected to be promising candidates for both electron and hole transport materials as well as potential ambipolar charge transport material, whereas BNI and 1 can serve as hole transfer materials only. We have also predicted the mobility of 4 with better performance in three different space groups. On the basis of investigated results, we proposed a rational way for the design of charge transport and/or luminescent materials simultaneously.     

Dopamine derivatives from the insect Polyrhachis dives as inhibitors of ROCK1/2 and stimulators of neural stem cell proliferation

Polyrhachis dives is consumed as an insect food in some regions of China. In this study, new dopamine derivatives, (+)-polyrhadopamine A (1a) and (−)-polyrhadopamine A (1b), (+)-polyrhadopamine B (2a) and (−)-polyrhadopamine B (2b), and polyrhadopamines C–E (3–5), were isolated from this species. The structures and stereochemistry of these substances were assigned by using spectroscopic and computational methods. Compounds 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b are dimeric N-acetyldopamine derivatives, 3 is a dopamine analog containing an unusual sulfone group, and 4 and 5 possess a rare benzo[d]thiazole moiety. The functions of these substances as ROCK1/2 inhibitors, neural stem cell (NSCs) proliferation stimulators, immunosuppressive, and anti-inflammatory agents were determined.     

Divergent synthesis of 6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indol-6-ones and indenoindolones: an investigation of Pd-catalyzed isocyanide insertion

A novel Pd-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion from 2-(2-bromophenyl)-1H-indoles has been developed, which demonstrates the utility of isocyanides in C–N or C–C bond construction. Treatment of 2-(2-bromophenyl)-1H-indoles with tert-butyl isocyanide affords 6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indol-6-ones with high efficiency. However, N-methyl or N-Boc protected 2-(2-bromophenyl)-1H-indoles gives indenoindolones in excellent yields under the same condition, which reveals that under the described situation, isocyanides insertion for the formation of C–N bonds is prior to that of C–C bonds.     

Novel tri-carbazole modified fluorene host material for highly efficient solution-processed blue and green electrophosphorescent devices

A series of novel solution-processable small-molecule host materials: 2DPF-TCz, 2SBF-TCz, 27DPF-TCz, and 27SBF-TCz comprising a fluorene monomer as the rigid core and tri-carbazole as the periphery have been designed and synthesized, and their optical, electrochemical, and thermal properties have been fully characterized. The host materials exhibit high glass-transition temperatures (231–310 °C) and high triplet energy levels (2.61–2.73 eV). High-quality amorphous thin films can be obtained by spin-coating the host materials from solutions. It is found that the HOMO level of the host materials can be tuned by linking the tri-carbazole unit to the 2,7 positions of the fluorine core, resulting in appropriate HOMO energy levels (−5.36 to −5.23 eV) for improved hole-injection in the device. Solution-processed blue and green electrophosphorescent devices bases on the developed host materials exhibit high efficiencies of 21.2 and 34.8 cd A⁻¹, respectively.