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31.
We compute the entropyh
A
(
U
) in the sense of Connes, Narnhofer and Thirring of Bogoliubov automorphisms
U
of the CAR-algebra with respect to invariant quasifree states
A
with 0A1 having pure point spectrum.Supported in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation 相似文献
32.
33.
34.
Büttiker and Landauer studied scattering off an oscillating rectangular barrier in order to shed light on the time aspects of tunneling. The expression for the traversal time resulting from this study is controversial. In addition, doubts have recently been expressed on technical aspects of their work. In an attempt to clarify these issues, we investigate a generalization of their model to arbitrary oscillating barriers,V(x, t)=V
0(x)+V
1(x)cos t. In the process, we confirm that Büttiker and Landauer's work is technically sound. However, we show, by several examples, that no direct general relation exists between the characteristic frequency of an oscillating barrier and the duration of the tunneling process. For a wide range of realistic parameters this characteristic frequency does not even exist.This paper is dedicated to E. G. D. Cohen. 相似文献
35.
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37.
Dirk Lützenkirchen‐Hecht Kay Rohrmann Thomas Stöcker Wolfgang Thiel 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2007,39(11):845-851
Different ink‐jet printed paper materials were investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) yielding the elemental composition of the near‐surface region of the papers. We found significant differences with respect to the detected elements and their atomic concentrations in the different inks studied here. Two different groups of inks could be identified by means of a lower ratio of the O and C atomic concentrations and lower concentrations in specific trace elements like Mg, Na and Si. High‐resolution spectra of C 1s and O 1s core levels allowed a detailed determination of the chemical state of the respective elements. On the basis of a detailed deconvolution of these XPS signals, significant differences between all the investigated ink‐jet printed papers were found, thereby allowing their discrimination. The applicability of the measurements and, more generally, the XPS technique for forensic investigations of paper are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
38.
Analysis of K-shell excitation spectra of gas-phase molecules containing at least two atoms of either B, C. N. O or F reveals the existence of a striking correlation between the bond length of the atomic pair. the sum of their atomic numbers and the associated α-shape resonance energy. Empirical rules are established which allow the derivation of intramolecular distances with accuracies reliably better than ± 0.05 A from the K-.shell absorption spectrum of one of the atoms in the Molecule. 相似文献
39.
M. Lindinger St. Becker G. Bollen K. Dasgupta R. Jertz H. -J. Kluge L. Schweikhard M. Vogel K. Lützenkischen 《Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters》1991,20(1):441-443
Doublet mass measurements of the isobars28Si3 and12C7 are performed by use of a Penning trap mass spectrometer and the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR). The carbon and silicon cluster ions are produced by laser ablation. Results of these preliminary measurements are presented. 相似文献
40.
Zusammenfassung Umsetzung von 5,6-Dimethoxy- und [4,5,6-Trimethoxy-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)]-essigsäure mit PCl5 lieferte die methoxysubstituierten [Benzo[b]thienyl-(3)]-essigsäurechloride, die mit sekundären Aminen zu den entsprechenden Amiden reagierten.Die homologen Verbindungen mit einer C3-Brücke wurden durchArndt-Eistert-Reaktion des Diazomethylketons in Gegenwart der entsprechenden sekundären Amine erhalten.
Reaction of 5.6-dimethoxy- and [4.5.6-trimethoxybenzo[b]-thienyl-(3)]-acetic acid with PCl5 gave the methoxy-substituted [benzo[b]thienyl-(3)]-acetic acid chlorides, which reacted with secondary amines to the corresponding amides.The homologous compounds with a C3-bridge were synthesized viaArndt-Eistert reaction of the diazomethyl ketone in presence of the corresponding secondary amines.相似文献