Mixed-mean inequalities for subsets

For let and denote the arithmetic mean and geometric mean of elements of , respectively. It is proved that if is an integer in , then

with equality if and only if . Furthermore, as a generalization of this inequality, a mixed power-mean inequality for subsets is established.

     

Oscillating viscosity in a lyotropic lamellar phase under shear flow

We report some time-dependent behavior of lyotropic lamellar phase under shear flow. At fixed stress, near a layering instability, the system presents an oscillating shear rate. We build up a new stress versus shear rate diagram that includes temporal behavior. This diagram is made of two distinct branches of stationary states which correspond, respectively, to disordered and ordered multilamellar vesicle phases. When increasing the shear stress, prior to the transition to the ordered structural state, sustained oscillations of the viscosity are recorded. They correspond to periodic structural change of the entire sample between a disordered and a ordered state of multilamellar vesicles.     

基于周期极化LiTaO3晶体的高增益简并啁啾脉冲参量放大

根据准相位匹配理论计算了周期极化LiTaO₃(PPLT)晶体中0类准相位匹配过程(e+e→e)的增益曲线.在此基础上，使用数百μJ的低抽运能量获得了～10⁶的增益和～10.3%的转换效率，实现了中心波长位于1064nm的基于简并光学啁啾脉冲参量放大(OPCPA)技术的高增益放大，为产生超短超强激光脉冲提供了新的技术手段.实验结果与理论预期基本符合.     

双稳随机共振参数特性的研究

以双稳系统为研究对象，探讨了影响和产生双稳随机共振的参数选择特性.双稳系统参数和二次采样频率参数有着内在的物理联系，它们的改变都会引起势垒、势阱间距和粒子跃迁速率的改变，并使噪声能量相对重新分配，进而影响随机共振效果.根据随机共振的参数选择规律，可通过适当的参数选择来得到最佳的随机共振状态，为后续数据处理奠定基础.     

Light Irradiation through Small Particles and Its Applications for Surface Nanostructuring in Near Field

We investigate the light scattering through small particles and its applications in nanostructuring, such as nanobumping, nanopatterning and dry laser cleaning. The theoretical calculation based on Mie theory provides an exact solution for sphere cavity resonance and plasmon resonance, which are two mechanisms for dielectric and metallic particles assisted surface nanostructuring in near field. The experimental results indicate that nanobumps on glass surface and subwavelength holes array on silicon surface can be formed without cracks with the self-assembly of 1 μm silica particle mask under laser irradiation. It is also found that the scattering wave by 40 nm gold particles can propagate 200 times away in terms of particle radius as recorded by photoresist under the UV light irradiation. Meanwhile, dry laser cleaning of 40nm gold particle on silicon wafer is demonstrated at plasmonic resonance frequency. The total cleaning efficiency is estimated to be 80%.     

COD速测仪测定工业废水中CODCr

采用标准回流法和仪器法（用ＣＯＤ速测仪）对工业废水化学需氧量进行对照测定，结果发现，用ＣＯＤ速测仪测定工业废水，简便、快速、精密度好、准确度高。     

Kinetics and mechanism of tertiary amine‐catalyzed cleavage of N′‐morpholino‐N‐(2′‐methoxyphenyl)phthalamide: Kinetic evidence for the presence of a reactive intermediate on the reaction path

Pseudo‐first‐order rate constants (k_obs) for tertiary amine (DABCO and Me₃N) buffer‐catalyzed cyclization of N′‐morpholino‐N‐(2′‐methoxyphenyl)phthalamide ( 1 ) to N‐(2′‐methoxyphenyl)phthalimide ( 2 ) reveal saturation (nonlinear) plots of k_obs versus [Buf]_T (total tertiary amine buffer concentration) at a constant pH. Such plots at different pH have been attributed to the presence of a reactive intermediate (T^?) formed by tertiary amine buffer‐catalyzed intramolecular nucleophilic addition of the secondary amide nitrogen to the carbonyl carbon of the tertiary amide group of 1 . © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 263–272, 2010     

Self‐assembly of H‐bonded side‐chain and cross‐linking copolymers containing diblock‐copolymeric donors and single/double H‐bonded light‐emitting acceptors

A series of diblock‐copolymers were synthesized through anionic polymerization of styrene and tert‐butyl methacrylate (tBuA) with different monomer ratios, and analogous block‐copolymeric derivatives (PS‐b‐PAA)s with monofunctional carboxylic acid groups were obtained by further hydrolyzation as hydrogen‐bonded (H‐bonded) proton donors. Via H‐bonded interaction, these diblock‐coplymeric donors (PS‐b‐PAA)s were incorporated with luminescent mono‐pyridyl/bis‐pyridyl acceptors to form single/double H‐bonded supramolecules, that is, H‐bonded side‐chain/cross‐linking copolymers, respectively. The supramolecular architectures formed by donor polymers and light‐emitting acceptors were influenced by the ratio of acid blocks in the diblock copolymeric donors and the type of single/double H‐bonded light‐emitting acceptors. Their thermal and luminescent properties can be adjusted by H‐bonds, and more than 100 nm of red‐shifted photoluminescence (PL) emissions were observed, which depend on the degrees of the H‐bonding interactions. Self‐assembled phenomena of amphiphilic dibolck copolymers and their H‐bonded complexes were confirmed by TEM micrographs, and supramolecular microphase separation of spherical micelle‐like morphology was demonstrated to affect the photophysical properties. Polymer light‐emitting diode (PLED) devices containing H‐bonded complexes showed electroluminescence (EL) emissions of 503–560 nm under turn‐on voltages of 7.5–9.0 V, maximum power efficiencies of 0.23–0.37 cd/A (at 100 mA/cm²), and maximum luminances of 318–519 cd/m² (around 25 V). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4685–4702, 2009     

飞秒激光脉冲在正色散固体材料中的自压缩

实验研究了正色散固体介质中的激光脉冲自压缩现象,证明了无需任何外加色散补偿情况下，固体透明介质中的自聚焦传输过程可使高功率飞秒激光脉冲实现时域脉冲压缩，并详细研究了输出脉冲的时域和频域特性随入射脉冲强度的演化规律.实验结果表明脉冲自压缩量随入射脉冲强度的增加呈递增趋势，然而当入射光强增大到足以引起超连续谱及锥形辐射产生时，脉冲时域形状会发生分裂.此外还发现发散光束入射情况下同样可以观察到脉冲自压缩现象. 关键词： 超短激光脉冲 脉冲压缩 非线性传输