Influence of drying procedure on the mesoporosity and surface fractal dimensions of silica xerogels prepared with different agitation methods

Silica xerogels were prepared by thermal drying wet gels in an electric oven (70 degrees C) after certain duration of ambient drying, and the relevant effect is investigated on the mesopore structures and surface fractal dimensions of the resultant xerogels. The silica gels were derived from a hydrochloric acid-catalyzed TEOS (tetraethylorthaosilicate) system, and both magnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration were adopted during sol preparation. The percentage mesoporosity and surface fractal dimensions are evaluated using image analysis methods, based on FE-SEM (field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy) images. The results show that the mesoporosity of the resultant xerogels decreases with the duration of ambient drying for samples prepared using magnetic stirring and low-intensity ultrasonic vibration, while samples subjected to high-intensity ultrasound show a somewhat reverse trend. Samples prepared with magnetic stirring have almost constant surface fractal dimensions (nearly 3), irrespective of the ambient drying before thermal drying. The surface fractal dimensions of samples prepared using ultrasound increase with the duration of ambient drying.     

无外加催化剂条件下芳香醛与活性亚甲基化合物的缩合反应和迈克尔加成反应

在DMF溶剂中,不外加催化剂使芳香醛(1)与2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环-4,6-二酮(2)发生缩合反应生成2,2-二甲基-5-芳亚甲基-1,3-二氧六环-4,6-二酮(3a～f)。在同样条件下,芳香醛与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮(4)则发生缩合和迈克尔加成反应生成2,2’-芳亚甲基双(3-羟基-5,5-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮)(5a～h)。用单晶X-射线分析法确定了产物5b的晶体结构。     

Eco-friendly synthesis of high silica zeolite Y with choline as green and innocent structure-directing agent

Zeolite synthesis in contemporary chemical industries is predominantly conducted using organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs), which are chronically hazardous to humans and the environment. It is a growing trend to develop an eco-friendly and nuisanceless OSDA for zeolite synthesis. Herein, choline is employed as a non-toxic and green OSDA to synthesize high silica Y zeolite with SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratios of 6.5–6.8. The prepared Y zeolite samples exhibited outstanding (hydro)thermal stability at ultrahigh temperature owing to the higher SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio. The XRF, SEM, ²⁹Si-NMR and ¹³Na+ results suggested that choline plays a structure-directing role in the synthesis of Y zeolite, while the feed molar fraction of Na⁺ is a crucial determinant for the framework SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio and the crystal morphology.     

酚醛冠醚共缩聚物的合成与性能

用2,6-二羟甲基-4-苯基苯酚分别与二苯并-18-冠-6(2B18C6)、二苯并-24-冠-8(2B24C8)、二苯并-30冠-10(2B30C10)、苯并-15-冠-5(B15C5)、苯并-18-冠-6(B18C6)缩聚合成了五种酚醛型冠醚共聚物。我们用聚冠醚的氯仿溶液萃取苦味酸碱金属盐水溶液,研究了它们对金属离子的络合性能。结果表明,聚冠醚(PB15C5)和(PB18C6)的萃取能力和选择性显著优于相应的单冠醚。     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure of a New 3D Lanthanide—Carboxylate Framework,[La（btec）1／2（H2btec）1／2（H2O）]n（H4btec=1,2,4,5—Benzeneteracarboxylic acid）

The title complex, [La(btec)_1/2(H₂btec)_1/2 (H₂O)]_n (H₄btec= 1, 2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic acid) (1) was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with La(NO₃)₃·6H₂O in H₂O, and crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P‐1 with a = 0.64403(3) nm, b = 0.94500(4) nm, c = 0.96380(5) nm, a = 88.535(2)°, β = 100.314(2)°, γ = 76.6470(10)°, V = 1.60968(10) nm³, Z = 2, and final R = 0.0274, R_w = 0.0735. In 1, each La(m) ion is coordinated by eight oxygen atoms from six carboxylate groups and one coordinated water molecule. Two different coordination modes of H₄btec were present in the structure, one of which contains two protonated carboxylate groups to balance the charge.     

Synthesis,Characterization and DNA-binding Properties of Three 3d Transition Metal Complexes of the Schiff Base Derived from Diethenetriamine with PMBP

A new ligand H₂L, 1,7-di(1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone-4-benzylidene)diethenetriamine and its three transition metal complexes, ML · nH₂O [M=Cu(II), n=2; M=Zn(II), n=0.5; M=Ni(II) (1), n=3] have been synthesized in anhydrous EtOH and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, molar conductivities, i.r. spectra, u.v. spectra and thermal analyses. In addition, the DNA-binding properties of the ligand and its complexes have been investigated by absorption, fluorescence and viscosity measurements. The experimental results indicated that the ligand and the complex (1) can bind to DNA , but the other two complexes can’t; the binding affinity of the complex (1) is higher than that of the ligand and the intrinsic binding constant k_b of the complex (1) is 7.893×10⁵ m⁻¹.     

Green photoluminescence from platinum(II) complexes bearing silylacetylide ligands

The synthesis, structural characterization, photoluminescence properties, and density functional theory analysis of three Pt(II) diimine complexes, Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond CR)2 [dbbpy = 4,4'-di(tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine; R = -SiMe3, -CC-SiMe3, or -t-Bu], are presented. The Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-tBu)2 complex serves as a carbon-based ligand structure for which the photophysical properties of the two silicon-bearing complexes are compared in dichloromethane. Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-SiMe3)2 and Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-C triple bond C-SiMe3)2 display visible absorptions with strong green emission (lambda(emmax) = 526 and 524 nm, respectively) while Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-t-Bu)2 displays efficient, long-lived yellow emission (lambda(emmax) = 557 nm). Direct side by side comparisons of Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-SiMe3)2 and Pt(dbbpy)(C triple bond C-t-Bu)2 suggest that the difference in excited state energy results from the relative sigma-donor strength of the acetylide ligands.     

Factors controlling the drop evaporation constant

In this paper, we discuss the factors affecting drop evaporation. We found that the droplet morphology at a specific temperature was controlled by the physical properties of the liquid itself, such as the molecular weight, density, diffusion coefficient in air, and heat of vaporization. Two processes are included in drop evaporation: diffusion of liquid molecules into the air (diffusion part) and flow of the liquid molecules from inside the drop to the free outer shell liquid layer within the liquid-vapor interface (evaporation part). The diffusion part remained steady during drying and was not sensitive to the variation of temperature. The evaporation part, however, was an active factor and determined the differences in drop evaporation behaviors.