Molybdenum Carbide‐Embedded Multichannel Hollow Carbon Nanofibers as Bifunctional Catalysts for Water Splitting

With the environmental pollution and non‐renewable fossil fuels, it is imperative to develop eco‐friendly, renewable, and highly efficient electrocatalysts for sustainable energy. Herein, a simple electrospinning process used to synthesis Mo₂C‐embedded multichannel hollow carbon nanofibers (Mo₂C‐MCNFs) and followed by the pyrolysis process. As prepared lotus root‐like nanoarchitecture could offer rich porosity and facilitate the electrolyte infiltration, the Mo₂C‐MCNFs delivered favourable catalytic activity for HER and OER. The resultant catalysts exhibit low overpotentials of 114 mV and 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^?2 for HER and OER, respectively. Furthermore, using the Mo₂C‐MCNFs catalysts as a bifunctional electrode toward overall water splitting, which only needs a small cell voltage of 1.68 V to afford a current density of 10 mA cm^?2 in the home‐made alkaline electrolyzer. This interesting work presents a simple and effective strategy to further fabricating tunable nanostructures for energy‐related applications.     

Zero‐Dimensional Hybrid Cd‐Based Perovskites with Broadband Bluish White‐Light Emissions

Recently, low‐dimensional organic‐inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites acting as single‐component white‐light emitting materials have attracted extensive attention, but most studies concentrate on hybrid lead perovskites. Herein, we present two isomorphic zero‐dimensional (0D) hybrid cadmium perovskites, (HMEDA)CdX₄ (HMEDA=hexamethylenediamine, X=Cl ( 1 ), Br ( 2 )), which contain isolated [CdX₄]^2? anions separated by [HMEDA]²⁺ cations. Under UV light excitation, both compounds display broadband bluish white‐light emission (515 nm for 1 and 445 nm for 2 ) covering the entire visible light spectrum with sufficient photophysical stabilities. Remarkably, compound 2 shows a high color rendering index (CRI) of 83 enabling it as a promising candidate for single‐component WLED applications. Based on the temperature‐dependent, powder‐dependent and time‐resolved PL measurements as well as other detailed studies, the broadband light emissions are attributed to self‐trapped excitons stemming from the strong electron‐phonon coupling.     

含中心裂纹梯度纳晶金属的数值模拟

梯度纳晶金属由于其微观组织的梯度分布,力学属性也呈现梯度变化,这使得其表现出不同于传统均匀材料的断裂行为．利用材料力学参数的梯度分布来表征梯度纳晶金属中晶粒尺寸的梯度变化,并编写ABAQUS和MATLAB脚本程序建立分层有限元模型．通过数值模拟计算了含有初始中心裂纹的梯度纳晶金属在受远端均匀拉应力作用下的裂尖J积分,分别研究了屈服应力梯度、裂纹角度和裂纹长度对金属材料断裂韧性的影响,并与传统粗晶进行了对比．结果表明梯度纳米结构的存在导致梯度纳晶金属内部的中心裂纹两端表现出不同的断裂韧性,小晶粒一侧裂尖的抗裂韧性优于大晶粒一侧裂尖,且屈服应力梯度绝对值越大,两者差距越大．梯度纳晶金属的断裂韧性受中心裂纹角度和长度变化的影响与传统粗晶金属基本一致,同时在晶粒尺寸梯度的作用下梯度纳晶的裂尖J积分略低于粗晶,即整体上拥有更好的抗裂韧性．     

典型连接结构螺栓的附加弯矩形成机理与承载能力研究及结构优化设计

针对典型连接结构中, 高强螺栓在受拉工况下因产生附加弯矩而极大削弱其承载能力的问题, 开展了螺栓附加弯矩产生的机理研究, 并提出了一种有效降低螺栓附加弯矩的结构优化设计方法. 首先, 建立典型连接结构的等效力学模型, 推导出螺栓附加弯矩的解析解, 进一步开展数值仿真分析, 验证了解析方法的正确性. 考虑螺栓同时承受拉弯耦合载荷工况, 引入梁塑性弯曲理论, 研究了不同拉弯组合下的螺栓截面各类应力分布的交互关系, 并给出了考虑轴力影响的弯矩塑性折减系数. 基于最大应力破坏准则, 开展了考虑附加弯矩和弯曲塑性影响的螺栓载荷失效判据研究, 该判据更加具有工程应用价值. 从机理出发, 开展典型连接结构优化设计以降低螺栓的附加弯矩进而提高其承载能力, 进一步采用解析方法, 阐述了铰支球头的工作机理. 采用数值仿真方法, 开展了螺栓附加弯矩灵敏度分析, 验证了优化设计方法的有效性. 进一步开展试验研究, 获得不同连接状态下螺栓的附加弯矩, 验证了优化设计方法的正确性和可行性. 该方法能够极大降低高强螺栓的附加弯矩, 最大程度发挥螺栓的承载能力, 提高连接结构的可靠性.      

Encapsulation of nanocrystals with responsive gels for spatial optical identification

A tripeptide (β-AspFF) gelator was designed and synthesised using solid-phase peptide synthesis. The as-prepared gelator formed a stable and clear multi-responsive gel in toluene solution. Encapsulating the quantum dots with β-AspFF effectively increased stability and antioxidisation ability which are beneficial for optical identification.     

开放光程扬尘颗粒物浓度测量方法及系统

利用单波长激光通过扬尘空间发生散射消光衰减的特性,设计了开放光程的颗粒物浓度检测方法及系统。该方法利用双峰正态分布模型模拟颗粒物粒径分布,实时计算一定空间范围内的扬尘颗粒物浓度,具有响应速度快、测量动态范围宽的优点,适合浓度高、变化快、空间范围大的扬尘颗粒物浓度测量。通过水溶胶模拟实验与烟尘实验验证了该方法的可行性。实验数据表明,系统量程可达0~400mg/m3,分辨率为0.05mg/m3,响应时间小于1s。