The influence of lateral apolar substituents on the mesomorphic behaviour of tetracatenar liquid crystals

Several series of new tetracatenar mesogens consisting of a five-ring aromatic core and bearing one or more apolar lateral substituents in the central benzene ring of the molecule have been synthesized and their mesomorphism is characterized by polarization microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction methods. Introduction of one, two, or four methyl groups into these tetracatenar mesogens destabilized columnar organization typical of the long-chain homologs, but did not suppress smectic C and nematic phases. Introduction of larger substituents did, however, suppress lamellar organization (C₁₅H₃₁) or mesomorphism (tert-butyl) totally.     

反相高效液相色谱法对秦岭21种蕨类植物中槲皮素与山柰酚含量的测定

运用反相高效液相色谱(RP/HPLC)法对21种蕨类植物中槲皮素、山柰酚的含量进行测定。使用Shimadzu C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-水溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长360 nm,进样量20μL,柱温28℃。各对照品的质量浓度与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,具有较好的精确度和重复性,槲皮素、山柰酚的加标回收率分别为93%和95%。采用该方法分别对采自秦岭的21种蕨类植物的地上和地下部分进行测定,地上部分有19种含槲皮素、15种含山柰酚,其中毡毛石韦中槲皮素含量最高(2.11 mg/g),蜈蚣草中山柰酚含量最高(19.80 mg/g);而地下部分除有边瓦韦、大瓦韦含槲皮素(含量分别为0.11、0.12 mg/g)外,其余根状茎中几乎没有这两种黄酮类化合物;表明槲皮素与山柰酚在蕨类植物的地上部分广泛存在。     

色谱研究的最新进展

作为本期《色谱》的聚焦专栏评述,笔者主要介绍国内外学者在2010年3月和4月间发表的一些研究工作［1-9］,内容集中在色谱研究和应用的两个方面:新型色谱材料和方法技术的开发［1－5］;色谱在蛋白质组学分析中的新应用［6,7］。另外,近期也有不少关于微流控分析应用的具有特色的工作［8］,由于篇幅限制就不在这里详细介绍。     

维基(Wiki)网站在物理实验教学中的作用

实验中心的网站要求展现的知识点多、更新快、功能强,是物理教学的重要组成部分.文章介绍了复旦大学物理教学实验中心使用基于维基(Wiki)的网站系统~([1]) 在建站、运行和维护等方面的经验,以及维基网站在物理实验教学中的作用.     

微束X射线荧光分析

用能量色散微束X射线荧光分析仪实际测量了微束准直器孔径和X射线强度对微束空间分辨率的影响,在准直器孔径为0.1mm条件下,获得以FWHM定义的空间分辨率最好为0.073mm。通过微束扫描测量出某硫化锰矿微区内的Mn、Fe、Zn、Pb的三维等高线荧光强度分布图和不同小区域内的能谱。     

大尺度光学列阵的成像特性

本文由光线光学理论出发,分析了无单元像差的光学元件大尺度列阵的成像特性,得到了较傍轴近似更普适的成像特性变换矩阵,其结果包含了列阵的傍轴近似成像理论.并进一步证明了大尺度平面列阵的成像特性只具有近似的准相位共轭特性,且只有在傍轴近似下才是较完善的准相位共轭成像.该结论与以往理论相比更接近实际,且能更好地解释迄今为止所观察到的实验结果及本文的实验结果.     

Time-resolved fluorescence of carbon nanotubes and its implication for radiative lifetimes

The temporal evolution of fluorescence from isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been investigated using optical Kerr gating. The fluorescence emission is found to decay on a time scale of 10 ps. This fast relaxation arises from nonradiative processes, the existence of which explains the relatively low observed fluorescence efficiency in isolated SWNTs. From the measured decay rate and a determination of fluorescence quantum efficiency, we deduce a radiative lifetime of 110 ns.     

Pell方程组x2-ay2=1和 z2-by2=1的解数

设a,b是不同的正整数,本文证明了当max(a,b)＞10126时,Pell方程组x2-ay2=1和z2-by2=1至多有2组正整数解(x,y,z).     

Geometry of multiple-spin systems as reflected in 13C-{1H} dipolar spectra measured at Lee-Goldburg cross-polarization

Theoretical calculation and analysis of (13)C-{(1)H} dipolar spectra of small-size spin clusters is presented. Dipolar spectra simulated using the time-independent average Hamiltonian are compared with the dipolar profiles obtained by 2D and 3D (1)H-(13)C correlation experiments employing Lee-Goldburg off-resonance cross-polarization (LG-CP). It is demonstrated that the structural parameters such as interatomic distances as well as mutual orientation of internuclear vectors can be derived from the dipolar profiles of simple spin clusters. Simplified analysis of the dipolar spectra based on isolated-like spin-pair approach can be used only if interacting spin cluster is reduced to the three-spin system in which the angle between both internuclear vectors ranges from 45 degrees to 135 degrees . For other local arrangements of spin systems the produced dipolar spectra must be analyzed with high caution. Contributions of all interacting spins to dipolar evolution of (13)C magnetization are mutually mixed and cannot be easily separated. However, simplification of the dipolar spectra is achieved by selective excitation. Enhanced selectivity of LG-CP transfer due to the initial (1)H chemical-shift-evolution period makes it possible to construct the dipolar spectra from (1)H-(13)C cross-peak intensities for every detected (1)H-(13)C spin-pair. Consequently, isolated-like spin pair evolution of the detected (1)H-(13)C coherence dominates to the resulting dipolar profile, while the influence of other interacting spins is suppressed. However, this suppression is not quite complete and analysis of the selective dipolar spectra based on isolated-like spin-pair approach cannot be used generally. Especially evolution of long-range (1)H-(13)C coherence is still significantly affected by spin states of other coupled hydrogen atoms.     

An updated search of steady TeV γ-ray point sources in northern hemisphere using the Tibet air shower array

Using the data taken from Tibet Ⅱ High Density (HD) Array (1997 February--1999 September) and Tibet-Ⅲ array (1999 November--2005 November), our previous northern sky survey for TeV γ-ray point sources has now been updated by a factor of 2.8 improved statistics. From 0.0° to 60.0° in declination (Dec) range, no new TeV γ-ray point sources with sufficiently high significance were identified while the well-known Crab Nebula and Mrk421 remain to be the brightest TeV T-ray sources within the field of view of the Tibet air shower array. Based on the currently available data and at the 90% confidence level (C.L.), the flux upper limits for different power law index assumption are re-derived, which are approximately improved by 1.7 times as compared with our previous reported limits.