Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2复合薄膜光催化降解偶氮染料酸性大红GR的研究

以玻璃珠为载体,溶胶-凝胶法制Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2复合薄膜,研究了水溶液中的偶氮染料酸性大红GR进行了固定相光催化氧化以及银和金的掺杂量、染料水溶液的pH值、光源、催化剂的重复使用性等因素的影响.负载型复合光催化剂Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2的光催化活性显著提高.当Ag和Au掺杂TiO2的质量分数分别为0.4%和0.6%时,最高光解率分别提高了2.1倍和1.8倍.     

学历案：学生视角巧类比，数学知识妙迁移——以“空间向量基本定理”为例

<正>教学改革与理念创新,从根本上来说就是必须摒弃教师立场,选择学生立场,体现以学生自主构建与学习为中心的基本理念,而学历案就是一个很好的尝试与创新应用.下面笔者以“空间向量基本定理”为例,就这一单元的学历案的教学设计加以剖析与展示.1 以生为本,明确目标“空间向量基本定理”一节的学习目标设定如下：(1)类比平面向量基本定理,理解空间向量基本定理及其意义;(2)经历由三个不共面且两两垂直的空间向量表示空间中任一向量,     

混合井网条件下加密井产能计算模型及应用

对于以直井、水平井混合井网开采的油藏,后期加密的水平生产井产能计算应综合考虑其他油水井的干扰.基于镜像反映原理与微元线汇理论,建立任意混合井网条件下加密水平井稳态产能计算半解析模型,考虑混合井网内部其他油水井干扰及井筒内由于井壁摩擦与流体加速度造成的压力降对加密水平井产能的影响,适用于任意混合井网条件下(井型任意性、井数目任意性、井位任意性)加密水平井产能计算.     

Optimization of temperature characteristics of a transportable ~(87)Rb atomic fountain clock

A high-performance transportable fountain clock is attractive for use in laboratories with high-precision time-frequency measurement requirements. This Letter reports the improvement of the stability of a transportable rubidium-87 fountain clock because of an optimization of temperature characteristics. This clock integrates its physical packaging, optical benches, microwave frequency synthesizers, and electronic controls onto an easily movable wheeled plate. Two optical benches with a high-vibration resistance are realized in this work. No additional adjustment is required after moving them several times. The Allan deviation of the fountain clock frequency was measured by comparing it with that of the hydrogen maser. The fountain clock got a short-term stability of 2.3 × 10~(-13) at 1 s and long-term stability on the order of 10~(-16) at 100,000 s.     

冷压塑形制样-光电直读光谱法测定碳素钢钢丝中C、Si、Mn、P、S、Cr、Ni、Cu的含量

用冷压法将外径在0.5mm以下的碳素钢钢丝样品加工制成直径为40mm的圆片状样品,供光电直读光谱测定C、Si、Mn、P、S、Cr、Ni、Cu。将碳素钢钢丝样品(外径小于0.5mm)置于高温炉中,在0.3MPa压力的氩气气氛中于825℃保温30min作退火处理,将样品冷却至常温(注如样品为低碳钢,无需退火处理)。用砂纸将样品打磨至金属光泽,用无水乙醇擦洗并晾干。将样品剪成长为40mm的小段,放入压样机的铝杯内,加盖。根据样品的抗拉强度选择合适的压力值和时间值,以缓慢加压模式将样品压制成直径为40mm的圆片状样品用于直读光谱分析。对所制分析样品以3点激发的方式测定了上述8种元素。经与国家标准方法湿法分析结果对照,两种方法的结果完全相符,证明方法所制备的样品具有良好的可靠性和适用性。     

基于中性水凝胶/取向碳纳米管阵列高电压柔性固态超级电容器

随着科技发展和时代进步,发展质轻便携、安全环保的高性能储能器件变得日趋重要,对柔性固态超级电容器的研究也应运而生.柔性电极材料及电解质的选用是设计柔性固态超级电容器的关键因素,近年来一直是研究的热点.考虑到环境污染及实际需求问题,本文采用中性凝胶电解质对具有高比表面积、良好导电性及取向性的碳纳米管阵列进行包埋处理,所形成的柔性复合薄膜作为电极材料,设计制备三明治结构的柔性超级电容器件.通过改变凝胶电解质中所加入的无机盐电解质种类,调控器件的电化学储能性质.最终在聚乙烯醇PVA-NaCl作为凝胶电解质时,整个器件比容量最高达104.5 mF·cm~(–3),远高于有机离子凝胶与碳管阵列形成的复合器件以及无规分布的碳纳米管与水凝胶形成的复合器件,同时获得了0.034 mW·h·cm~(–3)的最大能量密度,并且具有良好的倍率性能、循环稳定性及抑制自放电的效果,并在高电压1.6 V下依然保持良好的化学稳定性.这种中性凝胶/碳管阵列复合超级电容器件不仅满足了绿色安全、柔性便携的要求,未来在医学可植入器件等领域也具有很好的应用前景.     

Electronic Structure and Optical Property Calculation of an Oxygen Vacancy in NH_4H_2PO_4 Crystals

The electronic structure of perfect ammonium dihydrogen phosphate(ADP) and defective ADP with an oxygen(O) vacancy are calculated by screened-exchange hybrid density functional HSE06. The optimized structural parameters of the defective ADP crystal are analyzed. The PO_4 tetrahedron with an O vacancy is distorted and its symmetry is broken. The band gap of the defective ADP with an O vacancy is about 1.5 eV lower than the perfect ADP, which is due to the new O vacancy defect states near the valence band maximum. Moreover, more peaks appear in the low-energy region(lower than 6 eV) in the curves of the linear optical properties for the defective ADP. The results indicate that the O vacancy will significantly influence the laser damage performance of ADP crystals.     

涡流发生器对细长体侧向力的控制研究

细长体在大攻角情况下会出现很大的侧向力. 在10°半顶角细长旋成体头部安置涡流发生器（微型三角翼）,通过调节涡流发生器相对模型轴线的滚转安装角,实现了对大迎角状态下旋成体侧向力的近似比例控制.研究了涡流发生器半展长、后掠角和攻角等参数对侧向力控制效果的影响. 研究发现半展长为6mm、后掠角为45°的涡流发生器具有较好的控制效果,在一系列攻角下均能够实现侧向力的近似比例控制. 由于该机构非常简单,在工程中具有一定的应用前景.      

Role of shape of hole in transmission and negative refractive index of sandwiched metamaterials

Transmission and negative refractive index （NRI） of metal-dielectric-metal （MDM） sandwiched metamaterial perfo- rated with four kinds of shapes of holes are numerically studied. Results indicate that positions of all transmission peaks of these kinds of holes are sensitive to the shape of the hole. Under the same conditions, the circular hole can obtain the maximum NRI and the rectangular hole can obtain the maximum frequency bandwidth of NRI. Moreover, the figure of merit （FOM） of the circular hole is the maximum too. As a result, we can obtain a higher NRI and FOM metamaterial by drilling circular hole arrays on MDM metamaterial.     

鸡胴体表面低可见污染物的双波段检测方法研究

提出一种基于高光谱成像技术的鸡胴体表面低可见污染物的双波段检测算法。首先,在所采集的高光谱数据中,选择ROI(region of interesting)内光谱的同一性最好、同时与边缘区域平均光谱差值最大的675 nm波段图像进行二值化处理,利用区域生长法提取最大连通区域作为掩膜。再将掩膜与污染物可分辨度最大的400 nm谱段图像进行“与”操作,提取出最大面积的鸡胴体待检ROI,最后利用标记法识别出ROI内有污染物存在的鸡胴体。试验结果表明,采用这种双波段算法,不仅可以获得能够根据鸡胴体形状及位置自适应调节的最大ROI(比已有研究方法提取的ROI面积大176%以上),而且对鸡胴体表面低可见度血液、胆汁和粪便的正确检出率平均可达81.6%。